Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Civil), 11486-11487 of 2014, Judgment Date: Dec 17, 2014

                                                                  REPORTABLE

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

                        CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

                    CIVIL APPEAL NOS. 11486-11487 OF 2014
              (Arising out of SLP (C) Nos.30398-30399 of 2011)


STATE OF PUNJAB & ORS.                                       ... APPELLANTS

                                   VERSUS

NOKIA INDIA PVT. LTD.                                        ... RESPONDENT


                               J U D G M E N T


Sudhansu Jyoti Mukhopadhaya, J.

Leave granted.
2.      These appeals have  been  preferred  by  the  appellants-  State  of
Punjab and others against the impugned  orders  dated  17th  November,  2010
passed by the High Court  of  Punjab  and  Haryana  at  Chandigarh.  By  the
impugned orders the Division Bench of the High  court  allowed  the  appeals
preferred by the respondent-assessee,  and  held  that  cell  phone  battery
charger is sold as composite package along with cell phone, and  hence  said
charger cannot be excluded from the  Entry  for  concessional  rate  of  tax
which applies to cell phones and parts thereof.

3.      The factual matrix of the case is as follows:
        The respondent-M/s. Nokia India Pvt. Ltd. (hereinafter  referred  to
as the "Company") is a dealer registered under the Punjab  Value  Added  Tax
Act, 2005 (hereinafter referred to as the "Act") in the District Mohali  and
is doing business of sale of cell phones and their accessories.  During  the
year 2005-06, the Company had made sales of 1,07,2679 pieces of cell  phones
with battery chargers and had paid tax at the rate of 4% on the  sale  value
of battery chargers, the rate at which the tax on the  sale  of  cell  phone
was paid. The value of the each of the battery charger if  separately  taken
was to be Rs.120/- per piece as quoted by the respondent-Company itself.  It
comes to Rs.12,87,21,480/-. The scrutiny proceedings  were  initiated  under
Section 26 of the Act, 2005 read with Rules 36 and 43 of  the  Punjab  Value
Added Tax Rules, 2005 by issuing notice to  the  respondent  separately  for
the Assessment Years 2005-06 and 2006-07. The Assessing Authority  had  held
that the battery charger was an accessory chargeable to tax at the  rate  of
12.5%. The difference of 8.5% was calculated and it came to Rs.1,09,41,325/-
. Interest under Section 32(1) was charged on the said amount  amounting  to
Rs.21,25,491/-. Further penalty under Section 53 of the Act at the  rate  of
2% per month was imposed amounting to Rs.85,01,964/- The  total  demand  for
the assessment year 2005-06 was raised to Rs.2,15,68,780/-.

4.      For the year 2006-07, the  number  of  battery  chargers  sold  were
taken to be 1807725 pieces, the value at the  rate  of  Rs.120/-  per  piece
came to Rs.21,69,27,000/-.  Differential  amount  of  tax  at  the  rate  of
Rs.8.5% was calculated to  be  Rs.1,84,38,795/-.  Interest  as  per  Section
32(1) of the Act was charged which came to Rs.25,24,175/-. Further,  penalty
under Section 53 of the Act at the rate  of  2%  per  month  was  calculated
which came to  Rs.1,00,96,750/-  and  total  demand  raised  vide  order  of
Assessing Authority for that year had been Rs.3,10,59,720/-.

5.       Respondent-Company  filed  reply  on  26th  November,  2008,   24th
December, 2008 and 9th January, 2009, inter alia, stating that  the  product
was being sold as mobile/cellular phone under a single solo  pack  unit  and
was covered under Entry No.60 of  Schedule  'B'  of  the  Act  and  that  no
separate amount for battery charger was being claimed  from  the  customers,
and that only amount charged was for handsets. It was  also  stated  by  the
respondent that for subsequent sale of the battery charger and  the  battery
in the State of Punjab, Tax/VAT at the rate of 12.5%  was  being  deposited.
The respondent stated that the battery charger is an accessory to  the  main
product that is mobile phone.

6.      The Assessing Authority vide detailed common order dated  2nd  March
2009 held that the battery charger being a separate item was  liable  to  be
taxed at general rate i.e. 12.5% and not at concessional rate applicable  to
the cell phones inter alia on the premise that the respondents were  selling
more than one product which were exigible in different  rate  of  tax  in  a
single pack and had themselves admitted the battery charger  as  a  separate
commodity was liable to payment of tax at the rate of  12.5%  applicable  to
the goods in residuary Schedule 'F' to  the  Act.  The  Assessing  Authority
further observed that even according  to  Entry  60  of  Schedule  'B',  the
product included is only the cellular phone and not accessories thereof.

7.      The respondent filed Appeal Nos. 804 and 805/2009-10  under  Section
62(1) of the Act before the Deputy Excise & Taxation  Commissioner(Appeals),
Patiala Division, Patiala, inter alia,  challenging  the  above  said  order
dated 2nd March, 2009.
        The Dy. Excise  &  Taxation  Commissioner  (Appeals),  Patiala  vide
judgment and order dated 26th August, 2009 dismissed both the  appeals.  The
respondent being aggrieved by the above filed  Appeal  Nos.656-657  of  2009
under Section 63(1) of  the  Act  before  the  Value  Added  Tax,  Tribunal,
Chandigarh, Punjab. The Tribunal by a detailed order  dated  11th  February,
2010 dismissed both the appeals, inter  alia,  observing  that  the  battery
charger is not a part of the cell phone. The Tribunal further held that  the
penalty under Section 53 of the Act should not have been  imposed  and  thus
set  aside  the  same  viz.  Rs.85,01,964/-  for  the   year   2005-06   and
Rs.1,00,96,750/- for the year 2006-07.

8.      The respondent, against  the  above  concurrent  finding  filed  VAT
Appeal Nos.54 & 55 of 2010  (O&M)  before  the  High  Court  of  Punjab  and
Haryana at Chandigarh. By the impugned orders  dated  17th  November,  2010,
the Division Bench of the High Court allowed the appeals  holding  that  the
battery charger is a part of the composite package of cell phone.

9.      Similar pleas as taken before the High  Court  have  been  taken  by
both the parties before this Court.
        Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the  respondent  demonstrated
the composite package of cell phone, cell  phone  and  battery  charger  and
some other accessories like head phone.

10.     The contention of the respondent had been that battery  charger  not
being independently sold, was sold with the cell phone in same  packing  and
hence tax chargeable was at the rate of 4% and  proper  tax  had  been  paid
and, therefore, there was no good ground to charge tax at the rate of  12.5%
on sale of those battery chargers which are free with the cell phone in  the
composite package.

11.     On the other hand, according to the counsel for the  appellant-State
a battery charger is not a part of the cell phone but  merely  an  accessory
thereof even as per the respondents themselves, who had separately paid  tax
at the rate of 12.5% on the battery chargers sold separately.  According  to
him, the battery charges are not covered under Entry  60(6)(g)  in  Schedule
'B' of the Act and was thus liable to be taxed at the rate of 12.5%  on  its
value under Schedule 'F' of the Act which covers  all  residuary  items  not
falling in any of the classifications of other Schedules of the Act.

12.     We have heard rival contentions made on behalf of  the  parties  and
perused the record.
        Schedule 'B' of the Act contains list of goods taxable at  the  rate
of 4%. Cell phone is mentioned in the said schedule  and  it  finds  further
place at Serial No.6(g) under Entry 60 and is thereby liable to  be  charged
at the rate of 4%.

13.     According to the counsel for the respondent, charger is an  integral
part of the cell phone and the cell phone cannot  be  operated  without  the
charger and when any person comes for cell  phone,  he  purchases  the  cell
phone and then automatically takes away the charger for  which  no  separate
money is charged. However,  it  is  admitted  that  whenever  Company  sells
chargers separately then 12.5% tax is charged which is applicable  to  goods
in residuary Schedule 'F' of Act.

14.     On behalf of the  State  it  was  rightly  argued  that  when  Entry
60(6)(g) of Schedule 'B' of the Act does not  mention  accessories  for  the
purpose of taxing the item/product at the  rate  of  4%,  they  need  to  be
charged at 12.5% as per Schedule 'F'. It  was  contended  that  the  battery
chargers are not covered under Entry 60(6)(g) and even  otherwise  there  is
no mention of the charger in HMS Code 8525.20.17 under the Excise  Act,  and
therefore, charger is liable to be taxed at the rate of 12.5%.

15.     Sub-sub heading code 8525 and tariff no.8525.20.17  of  the  Central
Excise Duty Act, is as under:
|Chapter 85         |Sub-heading Code   |Sub-sub heading    |Tariff             |
|                   |8525               |Code 8525.20.17    |No.8525.20.17      |
|Electrical         |Transmission       |"Transmission      |Cellular Telephones|
|machinery and      |apparatus for      |apparatus          |                   |
|equipment and parts|radio-telephony,   |incorporating      |                   |
|thereof,           |radio-broadcasting |reception apparatus|                   |
|radio-telegraphs   |or television,     |                   |                   |
|sound recorders and|whether or not     |                   |                   |
|reproducers and    |incorp.            |                   |                   |
|parts and          |                   |                   |                   |
|accessories of such|                   |                   |                   |
|articles.          |                   |                   |                   |

        'Cellular telephone' is in schedule B at Entry No.60(6)(g) vide  HSN
Code No.8525.20.17.  The  Tariff  No.8525.20.17  only  relates  to  cellular
telephone and not the accessories. The Schedule 'B' does not  indicate  that
the cellular phone includes the accessories like the chargers either in  the
HSN Code or by elaborating in words.
16.     The  Assessing  Authority,  Appellate  Authority  and  the  Tribunal
rightly held that the battery charger is  not  a  part  of  the  mobile/cell
phone. If the charger was a part of cell phone, then cell  phone  could  not
have been operated without using the battery charger. But in reality, it  is
not required at the time of operation.  Further, the  battery  in  the  cell
phone can be charged directly from the other means also like laptop  without
employing the battery charger, implying thereby, that it is nothing  but  an
accessory to the  mobile  phone.  The  Tribunal  noticed  that  as  per  the
information available on the website of Nokia, the  Company  has  invariably
put the mobile battery charger in the category of an accessory  which  means
that in the common parlance also, the mobile battery charger  is  understood
as an accessory. It has also been noticed by the Tribunal that a Nokia  make
battery charger is compatible to many models  of  Nokia  mobile  phones  and
also many models of Nokia make battery chargers which are  compatible  to  a
particular  model  of  Nokia  mobile  phone,  imparting  various  levels  of
effectiveness and convenience to the users.
17.     Learned counsel for the respondent referred  to  General  Rules  for
interpretation of the First Schedule of the Import Tariff under the  Customs
Tariff Act, 1975. The classification of the goods in the  Schedule  for  the
purpose of Rule 3(b) in the  general  rules  for  interpretation  of  import
tariff reads as follows:
"3(b) mixtures, composite goods consisting of different  materials  or  made
up of different components, and goods put up in sets for retail sale,  which
cannot be classified by reference to (a), shall be  classified  as  if  they
consisted of the material of component  which  gives  them  their  essential
character, insofar as this criterion is applicable."

        It was contended that  composite  goods  being  used  consisting  of
different materials and different components, and goods put up in  sets  for
retail sale, cannot be classified by reference to clause (a). However,  such
submission cannot  be accepted as it cannot  be  held  that  charger  is  an
integral part of the mobile  phone  making  it  a  composite  good.  Merely,
making a composite package of cell phone charger will not make it  composite
good  for  the  purpose  of  interpretation  of  the  provisions.  The  word
'accessory'  as  defined   in   the   Webster's   Comprehensive   Dictionary
(International) Volume-I is defined as:
"a person or  thing  that  aids  subordinately;  an  adjunct;  appurtenance;
accompaniment (2) such items of apparel as complete an outfit, as gloves,  a
scarf, hat or handbag.(3) A person who, even if not present,  is  concerned,
either before or after, in the perpetration of a felony below the  crime  of
treason.  Adj.(1) Aiding the principal design,  or  assisting  subordinately
the chief  agent,  as  in  the  commission  of  a  crime.(2)   contributory;
supplemental; additional: accessory nerves".

18.     In  M/s.  Annapurna  Carbon  Industries  Co.  vs.  State  of  Andhra
Pradesh, (1976)2 SCC 273, this Court while examining  the  question  whether
"Arc Carbon" is an accessory to cinema projectors  or  whether  comes  under
other cinematography equipments under Entry 4 of  Schedule  I  to  the  A.P.
General Sales Tax Act, 1957, defined accessories as:
"an object or device that is not essential in itself but that  adds  to  the
beauty, convenience or effectiveness of something else".

19.     In  view  of  the  aforesaid  facts,  we  find  that  the  Assessing
Authority, Appellate Authority  and  the  Tribunal  rightly  held  that  the
mobile/cell phone charger is an accessory to cell phone and is  not  a  part
of the cell phone. We further hold that the battery charger cannot  be  held
to be a composite part of the cell  phone  but  is  an  independent  product
which can be sold separately, without  selling  the  cell  phone.  The  High
Court failed to appreciate the aforesaid fact  and  wrongly  held  that  the
battery charger is a part of the cell phone.

20.     In view of the finding recorded above, we have no other  option  but
to set aside the impugned orders dated 17th November,  2010  in  VAT  Appeal
Nos.54 & 55 (O&M) of 2010 passed by the High Court of Punjab and Haryana  at
Chandigarh. The order passed by the Tribunal is affirmed.  The  appeals  are
allowed. No costs.

                                             .............................J.
                                             [SUDHANSU JYOTI MUKHOPADHAYA]


                                             .............................J.
                                                     [MADAN B. LOKUR]

NEW DELHI;
DECEMBER 17, 2014.