Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Civil), 6209-6211 of 2016, Judgment Date: Jul 13, 2016

                                                                REPORTABLE
                          IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
                         CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
                      CIVIL APPEAL NOS. 6209-6211 OF 2016
                 (Arising Out of SLP (C) Nos.9823-9825 of 2012)


STATE OF GUJARAT & ORS.                             …………APPELLANTS

                                     Vs.
NIRMALABEN S. MEHTA & ANR.ETC.                      ………RESPONDENTS

                                 J U D G M E N T


V. GOPALA GOWDA, J.


Leave granted.

These appeals are directed against  the  common  judgment  and  order  dated
13.12.2011 passed by the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad in LPA  No.  683
of 2011 in SCA No. 6897 of 2010, LPA No. 684 of 2011  in  SCA  No.  6899  of
2010 and LPA No. 685 of 2011 in SCA No. 6898 of 2010  urging  various  legal
grounds and praying to set aside the same.

Brief facts of the case are stated hereunder to appreciate the  rival  legal
contentions urged on behalf of both the parties:
One Kantilal Mohanlal Mehta entered into lease agreement with the appellant-
State on 20.02.1964 for  mining  lease  for  bauxite  in  respect  of  lands
described in Part I of the Schedule to Mines and Minerals  (Development  and
Regulation) Act, 1957 (hereinafter called the “MMDR Act”).  The  said  lease
was for 20 years and was given effect from 09.10.1963.

On 26.02.1964, the appellant-State  issued  a  notification  bearing  no.MND
1760/3788G.V. reserving all areas of  Jamnagar  and  Junagadh  district  for
exploitation of bauxite for public sector. However, on 02.08.1978,  again  a
notification  was  issued  by  the  appellant-State,  whereby   the   lands,
specified  in  the  schedule  thereto,  which  were  earlier  reserved  vide
notification dated 26.02.1964, for exploitation of bauxite  for  the  public
sector were de-reserved and  thus,  made  available  for  grant  of  mineral
concession w.e.f. 02.09.1978.
The same day, i.e., on 02.08.1978, the appellant-State  addressed  a  letter
to the Central Government  seeking  permission  for  de-reservation  of  the
areas of bauxite in Jamnagar and  Junagadh  districts,  which  were  earlier
reserved for exploitation of bauxite in public  sector  for  setting  up  of
alumina plant on the ground that many applications were received by  it  for
the establishment of small scale industries in the State  based  on  bauxite
as raw material. The appellant-State, therefore, desired to  release  areas,
which  were  earlier  reserved,  to  industrial  units  for  their   captive
consumption only. By this letter the appellant-State sought  permission  not
only for de-reservation of  the  areas,  which  were  earlier  reserved  for
public sector but also to impose  certain  conditions  upon  the  mining  of
bauxite with a view to protect the interest of the State  and  at  the  same
time extending help to industries which require bauxite as  a  raw  material
for bonafide captive use. The  relevant  portion  of  the  aforesaid  letter
dated 02.08.1978 reads thus:
“5. Central Government may kindly  be  moved  in  the  interest  of  mineral
development to grant permission under Rule  27  of  the  Mineral  Concession
Rules, 1960  for  imposing  the  following  conditions  for  protecting  the
interest of the State Government and at the  same  time  extending  help  to
industries which need bauxite for its bonafide captive use.
(1) the lessee shall establish an industrial unit consuming bauxite as  main
raw material within a period of two years from the  date  of  grant  of  the
mineral concession.
(2) the State Government shall have right to review and reduce the areas  of
mining lease for bauxite granted,  if  the  industrial  unit  set  up  works
continuously below the rated capacity and areas granted is found  excess  of
its requirements.
(3) the lessee shall utilize maximum quantity of bauxite  excavated  in  his
own industrial unit and shall be allowed to sell the  bauxite  not  suitable
for its own industrial unit to other industrial unit in the State for  their
own consumption, provided the quantity of bauxite for sale does  not  exceed
20% of the total production and also provided that the prior  permission  of
the D.G.M. or an officer authorizes by the State Government is obtained  for
the sale.
(4) the lessee shall have to sell the bauxite at prevailing market  rate  to
government or the person to whom the State Government  may  direct,  as  and
when such need arise.
(5) Briefly the Central Government’s approval to the following  proposal  is
required;
(1) to  de-reserve  the  areas  of  Kalyanpur  Taluka  of  Jamnagar-District
mentioned in the Govt. of India letter dated 17.03.1962.
(2) to stipulate conditions mentioned above.”

On 16.01.1980, Central Government addressed a letter bearing  No.4(2)/78-NVI
to the appellant-State, whereby, it granted  permission  for  de-reservation
of areas of  Jamnagar  for  exploitation  of  bauxite  mineral,  which  were
earlier reserved, and for the imposition of conditions on mining lease.  The
relevant portion of the aforesaid letter reads thus:
“2. As regards the proposal contained in Para 5 of  the  State  Government’s
letter dated 02.08.1978, I am directed to say that  the  Central  Government
has no objection if such clauses are included under Rule  27(3)  of  Mineral
Concession Rules, 1960 for the de-reserved area.”

On 27.02.1992, a circular was issued  by  the  State  Government  permitting
sale/export of  Non-Plant  Grade  (NPG)  bauxite.  During  the  period  from
10.04.2003 to 04.03.2005 various notifications were issued  by  the  Central
Government in exercise of its power under Section  9(3)  of  the  MMDR  Act,
1957 and Rule 64D of the Mineral Concession Rules,  1960,  laying  down  the
guidelines for computation of royalty on the basis  of  State  wise  mineral
value to be notified by the Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM).

On 28.11.2007, respondent no.1- Nirmalaben S. Mehta  sought  the  permission
of the appellant-State for sale of NPG bauxite  for  a  quantum  of  1  lakh
metric tonnes (approx). The appellant-State vide its order dated  15.02.2008
granted permission for sale of NPG bauxite subject to condition,  interalia,
that the respondent no.1 shall deposit royalty of Rs. 120 per  metric  tonne
in advance with the appellant-State.

The respondent no.1 again applied to the  appellant-State  by  letter  dated
18.02.2008 for sale of 1,12,900 metric tonnes of NPG bauxite. The  same  was
rejected by the appellant-State vide order  dated  19.06.2008  holding  that
the respondent no.1 has failed to establish captive plant  within  a  period
of two years in accordance with prevailing policy. The relevant  portion  of
the aforementioned order reads thus:
“5.  Sanction  of  lease  area  was  accorded  to  the  lease   holder   for
establishing bauxite base unit for his own consumption  use.  However,  such
unit is not yet setup by the lease holder and  the  minerals  at  the  lease
area is not utilised for its value addition  purpose.  Valuable  and  useful
mineral was being excavated in the bulk  and  the  same  was  exported/sold.
This activity is not found befitting to wider interest of the state.”




Aggrieved by the orders  dated  15.02.2008  and  19.06.2008  passed  by  the
appellant-State, the respondent no.1 approached the High  Court  of  Gujarat
at Ahmedabad by filing Special Civil Application. The learned  Single  Judge
vide order dated 31.07.2008  dismissed  the  application  holding  that  the
respondent no.1 had not  exhausted  the  statutory  remedy  available  under
Section 30 of  the  MMDR  Act,  1957  read  with  Rule  54  of  the  Mineral
Concession  Rules,  1960.  Instead  of  approaching  the  High  Court,   the
respondent no.1 should have approached the Central Government which  is  the
Revisional Authority under the MMDR Act, in the matter.




Thereafter, respondent no.1 approached  the  Central  Government  by  filing
Revision Application No. 09/16 of 2008 against the  order  dated  19.06.2008
passed by the appellant-State. The Central Government vide its  order  dated
27.08.2009 allowed the said Revision Application by setting aside the  order
dated 19.06.2008 passed by the appellant-State holding thus:
“5. ……We have gone through the case records carefully and after hearing  the
both sides come to the conclusion that-
(a) as far as the instant case is concerned, it  is  not  a  case  of  fresh
grant of mining lease but one of renewal.
(b) no conditions of setting up of captive plant of  bauxite  was  mentioned
while granting mining lease.
(c) no restriction was put  on  export  and  mining  of  bauxite  in  mining
leases.
(d) applicant if exporting bauxite for more than a decade.
(e) guidelines issued by the State Govt. vide G.R. dated 04.02.2005 as  only
an administrative in nature.
(f) the approval of Central Government  given  vide  letter  No.  4(2)/78-VI
dated 16.01.1980  in  pursuance  of  State  Government  communication  dated
02.08.1978 is not applicable in respect of the area already under lease  and
to which neither reservation nor de-reservation would be applicable.
6.  In  view  of  the  above  circumstances  and  taking  all  aspects  into
consideration we come to the conclusion  that  in  the  instant  case  while
rejecting the applicants renewal application State Govt.  has  not  followed
the due process of law under Rule 27(3) of  the  Mineral  Concession  Rules,
1960.”

Aggrieved by the aforesaid order dated  27.08.2009  passed  by  the  Central
Government in exercise of its revisional power under Section 30 of the  MMDR
Act, 1957 read with Rule 55 of  the  Mineral  Concession  Rules,  1960,  the
appellant-State approached the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad by  filing
Special Civil Application No. 6897 of 2010. The learned  Single  Judge  vide
order dated 22.12.2010 dismissed the said Special Civil Application  holding
that the appellant-State ought not to have suppressed the material  fact  of
Writ Petition being filed before the High Court of Delhi at New  Delhi  with
regard to the same matter. The learned Single Judge  further  imposed  costs
of Rs.50,000/- on the appellant-State.

Aggrieved by the Order dated 22.12.2010 passed by the learned Single  Judge,
the appellant-State approached the Division  Bench  of  the  High  Court  of
Gujarat at Ahmedabad by filing Letters Patent Appeal  No.683  of  2011.  The
High Court vide its  common  judgment  and  order  dated  13.12.2011  partly
allowed the appeals to the extent of setting aside the order of the  learned
Single Judge imposing cost of Rs.50,000/- upon the  appellant-State.  Hence,
these Appeals.

Mr. Parag Tripathi, the  learned  senior  counsel  for  the  appellant-State
contended that the High Court has failed to consider that huge  quantity  of
bauxite has been  exported  by  the  lease  holders  without  informing  the
appellant-State and without paying due amount of royalty. Only with  a  view
to regulate the trade of  bauxite,  vide  Resolution  dated  04.02.2005  the
appellant-State  had  framed  policy  for  taking  prior   approval   before
exporting bauxite outside India. He further submitted that  by  way  of  the
said resolution a  mechanism  is  framed  so  that  the  trade  of  bauxite,
especially the export can  be  regulated  by  the  appellant-State.  Bauxite
being a valuable mineral which is available in rare pockets of the State  of
Gujarat, such a step is necessary on the part of the  appellant-State  which
enables it to take necessary action with regard to the same. It was  further
submitted by him that as per the data  available  with  the  appellant-State
from 2004 onwards, around 70% to 90% of bauxite excavated from the  land  in
the areas by the lease holders was exported from the leased areas. Thus,  if
such a  huge  quantity  of  bauxite  is  exported  outside  India  it  would
certainly jeopardise the purpose of establishing  the  bauxite  based  value
addition projects in the State. Further, export of bauxite in  such  a  huge
quantity might lead to non-availability of bauxite for  consumption  in  the
State. He  further  submitted  that  the  resolution  dated  04.02.2005  was
indirectly accepted by the lessee-respondents  and  even  applications  were
filed in tune with the same. He further contended that the  High  Court  has
committed error while not considering the purpose  and  object  advanced  by
the appellant-State vide resolution dated 04.05.2005.




It was further contended by him that the application dated  28.11.2007  made
by the lessee-respondents  to  the  appellant-State  seeking  permission  of
sale/export of NPG bauxite for quantum of 1,12,900 MTs,  was  based  on  the
premise that they were seeking permission to export  the  bauxite  which  is
not useful for the plant. However, factually, from almost five decades,  the
lessee-respondents have not taken any step for the establishment of  captive
plant. He further submitted that from the circumstances  it  is  clear  that
the lessee-respondents are only interested in excavation of the bauxite  for
export purpose which would result in irreparable depletion of  the  valuable
mineral for domestic purpose. The High Court has  failed  to  take  note  of
this  important  aspect  while  passing  impugned  judgment  and  order  and
therefore, the same is required to be  interfered  with  by  this  Court  in
exercise of its appellate jurisdiction.

It was further contended by the learned senior counsel  for  the  appellant-
State that the High Court has erred in coming to  the  conclusion  that  the
permission granted by  the  Central  Government  under  Rule  27(3)  of  the
Mineral Concession Rules, 1960 vide letter dated  16.01.1980  would  not  be
applicable  to  the  respondents’  mine  for  the  reason  that  since   the
notification reserving the area of  bauxite  mining  did  not  affect  their
mines, it must necessarily  follow  that  the  permissions  granted  by  the
Central Government at the time of de-reservation also  would  not  apply  to
their  mines.  It was further submitted by  him  that  by  the  notification
dated 26.02.1964 issued by the appellant-State the entire areas of  Junagadh
and Jamnagar districts were reserved  for  public  sector.  Admittedly,  the
respondents’ mine fell within Jamnagar district,  a  reserved  area,  though
the  respondents  were  not  affected  by  the  reservation  as   the   said
reservation was made to operate prospectively.

He  further  submitted  that  the  appellant-State  wrote  a  letter   dated
02.08.1978 to the Central Government seeking permission under Rule 27(3)  of
the Mineral Concession Rules,  1960  for  de-reservation  of  the  areas  of
Junagadh and Jamnagar Districts and for imposition  of  certain  conditions,
including establishment of an industrial unit  for  captive  consumption  of
bauxite. The permission for the  said  de-reservation  was  granted  by  the
Central Government vide letter dated 16.01.1980. He further  submitted  that
once it is admitted that the respondents’ mines fall within the area of  the
aforesaid Jamnagar district, it  would  not  be  correct  to  say  that  the
permission of the  Central  Government  under  Rule  27(3)  of  the  Mineral
Concession Rules, 1960 for de-reservation of areas of bauxite  mining  would
not be applicable to leases granted prior to 16.01.1980 merely  because  the
concerned mines were not affected by the reservation. He  further  submitted
that any other interpretation in this regard would  lead  to  discrimination
between fresh leases granted post 16.01.1980 on the one  hand  and  renewals
of existing lease granted after 16.01.1980 on the  other  and  the  same  is
impermissible.

With regard to the renewal of the lease, it was contended by  him  that  the
High Court has erred in concluding that a renewal of lease is  not  a  fresh
grant and thus, at the time of renewal of lease the  appellant-State  cannot
impose conditions, interalia, of setting up of  a  captive  plant.  In  this
regard it was submitted by him that it is well settled position of law  that
a renewal of a lease is akin to a fresh grant and hence, in the  absence  of
either Lease Deed or the Rules providing that renewal shall  be  granted  on
the same terms and conditions as the original grant, a renewal  is  governed
by the law/conditions in force at the time of grant of renewal of the  lease
of the mining area  in  question.  Therefore,  in  the  case  at  hand,  the
appellant-State, at the time of grant of renewal of lease, can  impose  such
condition/conditions, inter alia, of setting up of  a  captive  plant.  With
regard to aforesaid legal submission he has placed strong reliance upon  the
decision of this Court in the  case  of  Gajraj  Singh  v.  State  Transport
Appellate Tribunal[1]. The relevant paras relied upon by him read thus:
“38. It is settled law that grant of renewal is  a  fresh  grant  though  it
breaths life into the operation of the previous lease or licence granted  as
per existing appropriate provisions of the Act,  rules  or  orders  or  acts
intra vires or as per the law in operation as on the date  of  renewal.  The
right to get renewal of a permit under the Act is not a vested right  but  a
privilege subject to fulfillment  of  the  conditions  precedent  enumerated
under the Act…
                    xx               xx               xx
41. In State of M.P. & Ors. v. Krishnadas Tikaram this Court had  held  that
it is settled law that  renewal  is  a  fresh  grant  and  must  be  granted
consistent with law in operation as on that date……”

It was further submitted by him that the renewal clause in  the  Lease  Deed
of 1964 makes it very clear that any  renewal  of  the  lease  shall  be  in
accordance with the provisions of the Act and Rules in force at the time  of
grant of renewal. Therefore, the Revisional Authority and  the  High  Court,
both have arrived at erroneous conclusion that in the absence  of  condition
of setting up of a  captive  plant  in  the  Lease  Deed  of  1964,  such  a
condition cannot be imposed at the time of grant of renewal of the lease  of
the area in question.

Per Contra, Mr. Mihir Joshi, the learned senior counsel appearing on  behalf
of the respondents contended that neither the Export Import policy  nor  the
MMDR Act enacted by  the  Central  Government  impose  any  restrictions  on
sale/export of  bauxite  and  hence,  the  appellant-State  could  not  have
introduced its own policy for restricting or regulating the  sale/export  of
bauxite in conflict with policies and decisions of the Central Government.

It was further submitted by him that there is no question of general  public
importance in the instant case. It  was  submitted  by  the  learned  senior
counsel that under the scheme of Section 9 read with Section 13 of MMDR  Act
and Article 162 of the Constitution of  India,  it  is  the  prerogative  of
Central Government to frame policies with  regard  to  major  minerals.  The
State Governments across the country are  only  supposed  to  implement  the
policies made by the Central Government with regard to the  grant  of  lease
as well as renewal of  lease  in  respect  of  major  minerals.  He  further
submitted that when the Central Government has deemed it fit not  to  impose
any restrictions on sale/export of bauxite either  in  export/import  policy
or under the MMDR Act, the  appellant-State  being  simply  an  implementing
agency, has no authority, whatsoever,  to  impose  any  restriction  in  the
renewal of grant order prohibiting the export of bauxite to other  countries
by the respondents.

It was further submitted by the learned senior counsel that  merely  because
huge quantity of bauxite has been exported by leaseholders,  the  same  does
not confer any power under the MMDR Act upon the  appellant-State  to  frame
any policy with regard to  the  export  of  bauxite  vide  resolution  dated
04.02.2005 under the guise of regulating the export of bauxite  without  the
sanction of the Central Government. Furthermore,  it  is  an  admitted  fact
that  the  said  resolution  dated  04.02.2005  was  passed  by  the   State
Government without the permission of the Central Government.

It was further contended that as per the terms and conditions of  the  lease
deed executed between the respondents and the appellant-State there  was  no
restriction of any kind on the sale/export of bauxite.  A  conjoint  reading
of the notification dated 02.08.1978  issued  by  the  appellant-State,  the
letter addressed to the Central Government by  the  appellant-State  on  the
same day seeking permission for de-reservation of bauxite areas  which  were
earlier reserved for exploitation by the public sector undertakings and  for
imposing conditions of captive consumption for industrial units,  read  with
the order dated 16.01.1980 of the  Central  Government  make  it  absolutely
clear that  the  said  permission  of  imposing  the  condition  of  captive
consumption, granted by the Central Government to  the  appellant-State  was
only for new units requiring the  said  lease.  He  further  submitted  that
respondents were already continuing with the mining activity on the  demised
premises even during the alleged period of reservation.  It  neither  formed
part of reserved area nor  de-reserved  area.  Thus,  the  sanction  of  the
Central Government vide its letter dated  16.01.1980  certainly  should  not
apply to the lease of bauxite mining area belonging to  the  respondents  as
has been rightly held by both the Revisional Authority and the  High  Court.

With regard to the renewal of lease of the mining area in  question  it  was
submitted by the learned senior counsel that concept of  deemed  renewal  or
that each renewal is a fresh lease, would not apply  to  the  facts  of  the
instant case in view of the specific directions of  the  Central  Government
in its order dated 16.01.1980.

After considering the rival legal contentions urged on behalf  of  both  the
parties, following issues would arise for our consideration:
Whether the appellant-State has the power at the time of  renewal  of  lease
of the mining area in question to impose the condition of setting  up  of  a
captive plant by the respondents?

Whether the permission granted by the Central Government  under  Rule  27(3)
of the Mineral Concession Rules, 1960 vide letter dated 16.01.1980 would  be
applicable to the respondents’ mine?

What order?

Answer to Point No.1

Both the Revisional Authority as well  as  the  High  Court  have  erred  in
coming to the conclusion that a renewal of  lease  of  the  mining  area  in
question is not a fresh grant and have wrongly concluded that  at  the  time
of grant of renewal of lease of  the  area,  the  State  Government  is  not
empowered to impose or enforce condition inter-alia,  of  setting  up  of  a
captive plant by the respondents.

The High Court has failed to appreciate an important aspect  of  the  matter
namely that for imposition of condition in the grant of  renewal  of  lease,
inter alia, of setting up  of  a  captive  plant  by  the  respondents,  the
appellant-State had sought  permission  from  the  Central  Government  vide
communication dated 02.08.1978 and the  same  was  granted  by  the  Central
Government vide its letter no.4(2)/78-NVI  dated  16.01.1980.  The  relevant
para no.2 of the aforesaid letter, stated supra, makes it  abundantly  clear
that the Central Government had no objection if clauses  pertaining  to  the
imposition of certain conditions upon the leaseholders  are  included  under
Rule 27(3) of the  Mineral  Concession  Rules,  1960  with  respect  to  the
bauxite  areas  of  Junagadh  and  Jamnagar  districts  de-reserved  by  the
appellant-State vide  notification  dated  02.08.1978,  which  were  earlier
reserved for exploitation of bauxite by the public sector undertakings.

Further, the High Court has erred in not noticing  the  well  settled  legal
proposition as laid down by this Court in Gajraj Singh’s case supra, on  the
point that the grant of renewal of the lease in respect of the  mining  area
in question is a fresh grant. The relevant paras read thus:

“37. In Provash Chandra Dalui v. Bisawanath Banerjee  this  Court  drew  the
distinction between the meaning of the words extension and renewal.  It  was
held that:

“…a distinction between ‘extension’ and ‘renewal’ is  chiefly  that  in  the
case of renewal, a new lease is required while in the case of extension  the
same lease continues in force during additional period  by  the  performance
of stipulated act. In other words, the word 'extension'  when  used  in  its
proper and usual sense in connection with a  lease,  means  prolongation  of
the lease.”

38. It is settled law that grant of renewal  is  a  fresh  grant  though  it
breathes life into the operation of the pervious lease  or  licence  granted
as per existing appropriate provisions of the Act, rules, or orders or  acts
intra vires or as per the law in operation as on the date  of  renewal.  The
right to get renewal of a permit under the Act is not a vested right  but  a
privilege subject to  fulfilment  of  the  conditions  precedent  enumerated
under the Act. Under Section 58 of the Repealed Act, renewal of a permit  is
a preferential right and refusal  thereof  is  an  exception.  But  the  Act
expresses   different   intention.    Sections    66, 70 71 and 80 prescribe
procedure for making application and compliance of the conditions  mentioned
therein. Existence  of  the  provisions  of  the  Act  consistent  with  the
Repealed Act is a precondition.  Grant  of  renewal  under  Section 81 is  a
discretion given to the authority (STA or RTA)  subject  to  the  conditions
and the requirement of law. Discretion given by a statute connotes making  a
choice between competing considerations according to  rules  of  reason  and
justice   and   not   arbitrary   or   whim   but   legal    and    regular.
Sections 70 and 71 read with Section 81 do indicate that grant of permit  or
renewal thereof is not a matter  of  right  of  course.  It  is  subject  of
rejection for reasons to be recorded in support  thereof.  Therefore,  right
to renewal of a permit under Section 81 is not a  vested  or  accrued  right
but a privilege to get renewal according  to  law  in  operation  and  after
compliance with the preconditions and abiding the law.”

   (emphasis supplied by this Court)


The permission for de-reservation of bauxite areas in  the  above  districts
of the State which were earlier reserved for bauxite mining  in  the  public
interest as well as for imposition of condition, interalia,  of  setting  up
of a captive plant by the respondents the  permission  in  this  regard  was
granted by the Central Government vide letter dated 16.01.1980, whereby  the
Central Government showed no  objection  for  the  inclusion  of  conditions
mentioned in the letter dated 02.08.1978 addressed to it by  the  appellant-
State under Rule 27(3) of the Mineral Concession Rules,  1960  for  the  de-
reserved area.

It is clear that in the absence of any provision in the  lease  deed  or  in
the Act, Rules or Orders etc in operation as  on  the  date  of  renewal  of
lease of the mining area in question providing renewal of  lease  in  favour
of the respondents shall be granted on the same  terms  and  conditions,  is
governed by the law or conditions in force at the time of renewal.

Thus, from the factual matrix, the relevant legal provisions  and  the  case
law referred supra upon which strong  reliance  is  placed  by  the  learned
senior counsel on behalf of the appellant-State, it is  clear  that  in  the
instant case the appellant-State after 16.01.1980 had the  power  to  impose
condition interalia, for setting up of a captive plant for  bauxite  by  the
respondents at the time of renewal of their lease. Therefore,  the  impugned
order passed by both the Revisional Authority and High  Court  are  vitiated
in law and therefore, the same are liable to be set aside.
Thus, point no.1 is answered accordingly.

Answer to Point No.2
The factual  matrix  of  the  instant  case  further  reveals  an  important
undisputed fact that the respondents’ mines were  located  in  the  Jamnagar
district, which area along  with  Junagadh  district  area  was  declared  a
reserved  area  for  exploitation  of  bauxite  in  public   interest   vide
notification dated 26.02.1964 issued by the  appellant-State.  However,  the
said notification did not affect the mine belonging to  the  respondents  as
the said notification was made to operate prospectively. The  facts  of  the
instant case further reveals that on 02.08.1978 the  appellant-State  issued
a notification whereby the bauxite areas of Jamnagar and Junagadh  districts
were de-reserved, which were earlier reserved and on the same day  addressed
a letter to the Central Government seeking permission  for  the  same  along
with permission for imposition of certain conditions on the leaseholders  of
the above area with a view to protect the interest of the  State  Government
and at the same time extending help to the industries which require  bauxite
for its bona fide captive use. The  Central  Government  vide  letter  dated
16.01.1980 granted permission in favour of the  State  Government  for  both
i.e., it allowed  de-reservation  of  the  bauxite  areas  of  Jamnagar  and
Junagadh districts, which  were  earlier  reserved,  and  also  allowed  the
appellant-State  to  read  clauses  referred  by  it  in  its  letter  dated
02.08.1978 under Rule 27(3) of the Mineral Concession Rules,  1960  for  the
de-reserved area.

As it is an admitted fact that the respondents’ mines were  located  in  the
area of the above Jamnagar district, it would not be  correct  as  contended
by the learned senior counsel for the respondent  that  the  permission  for
inclusion of certain conditions including condition  for  setting  up  of  a
captive  plant  by  the  leaseholders  under  Rule  27(3)  of  the   Mineral
Concession Rules, 1960 for the  de-reserved  area  granted  by  the  Central
Government vide letter dated 16.01.1980  would  not  be  applicable  to  the
respondents’ lease which was granted  prior  to  16.01.1980  merely  because
their mines were not affected  by  the  notification  of  reservation  dated
26.02.1964 issued by the appellant-State.


It has been rightly contended by the learned senior  counsel  on  behalf  of
the appellant-State that any other interpretation of the above order of  the
Central Government in this  regard  would  lead  to  discrimination  between
fresh leases granted post 16.01.1980 on the one hand  and  renewals  of  the
existing leases granted after 16.01.1980 on the other.  Such  a  distinction
sought to be made by the respondents’ counsel is  impermissible  in  law  as
after 16.01.1980, a fresh grant and a  renewal  of  existing  lease  of  the
mining area stands on the same footing.

The aforesaid important legal aspect of the matter has not been  taken  note
of by the High Court as well as the  Revisional  Authority.  Therefore,  the
impugned order dated 13.12.2011 passed by  the  High  Court  confirming  the
order dated 27.08.2009 passed by the Revisional Authority being contrary  to
the approval given by the central government vide letter  dated   16.01.1980
is not only erroneous but also suffer from error in  law.  For  the  reasons
stated supra the impugned orders of both the  High  Court  as  well  as  the
Revisional Authority are liable to be set aside  as  they  are  vitiated  in
law.


Answer to Point No.3
Therefore, for the aforesaid reasons, we accept the legal  submissions  made
by the learned senior counsel on behalf of the appellant-State as  the  same
are well founded and based on law laid  down  by  this  Court  in  the  case
referred to supra. The civil appeals are allowed by setting aside the  order
of the  High  Court  dated  13.12.2011  and  the  order  of  the  Revisional
Authority dated 27.08.2009. The State Government is  at  liberty  to  impose
such terms and conditions in the renewal of lease  of  the  mining  area  in
question granted in favour of the respondents.  A  cost  of  Rs.5  lakhs  is
awarded to the appellant-State Government in respect of these proceedings.

                                                       ……………………………………………J.
                                                     [V. GOPALA GOWDA]

                                                       ……………………………………………J.
                                                       [ARUN MISHRA]

New Delhi,
July 13, 2016
-----------------------
[1]
      [2]  (1997) 1 SCC 650