Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Civil), 3197 of 2016, Judgment Date: Mar 29, 2016

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

                        CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION



                        CIVIL APPEAL NO. 3197 OF 2016
                    (Arising out of SLP (C) No. 106/2013)


PUNJAB & SIND BANK                                        ...  APPELLANT (S)

                                   VERSUS

PUNJAB BREEDERS LTD. & ANOTHER                            ... RESPONDENT (S)



                           J  U  D  G  M  E  N  T

KURIAN, J.:

Leave granted.

The short question arising for consideration in this  case  is  whether  the
appellant-bank is entitled to fifty per cent of the increase in fair  market
value of property fixed at the time of settlement, in terms of the One  Time
Settlement (OTS) Scheme.
As per letter dated 01.03.2012, the  appellant  offered  OTS  to  the  first
respondent for settlement of the entire dues  to  the  bank  on  payment  of
Rs.542 lakhs, subject to a few conditions. The one relevant for the  purpose
of the present appeal reads as follows:

“The OTS shall be subject to Bank’s right to recompense that  the  mortgaged
properties shall not be sold within a period  of  three  years  and  if  the
properties are sold within the next three years;
The parties obtain prior permission of the bank.
The parties shall share with  the  bank  50%  of  increase  in  FMV  of  the
properties which  is  Rs.882.00  lacs  at  the  time  of  sanction  of  this
settlement.”


Prior to the OTS offer, the bank had made several attempts to sell  property
mortgaged by the first respondent. Since the highest offer  was  of  Rs.5.40
crores, the bank had given  an  opportunity  to  the  first  respondent,  by
letter dated 03.03.2011, to get any buyer  for  more  than  5.40  crores  by
16.03.2011, and if not, the bank would be confirming  the  sale  of  Rs.5.40
crores. Thereafter, the OTS offer was made for settlement  of  the  dues  at
Rs.542 lakhs by letter dated 01.03.2012. In response to the  offer  made  by
the bank, the first respondent managed to enter into an agreement  with  the
second respondent for sale of half of the mortgaged  property  and  pursuant
to that agreement, the whole amount of Rs.5.42  crores,  as  per  the  offer
made by the bank, was paid in terms of the OTS. However, the  bank  declined
to settle the accounts and released the mortgage  on  the  ground  that  the
third party interest having been created, the bank was entitled  to  50%  of
the fair market value.
The High Court, as per the impugned judgment, directed the  bank  to  accept
the payment of Rs.5.42 crores in  full  and  final  settlement  of  all  the
claims, as per the OTS proposed on  01.03.2012  and  release  the  mortgaged
property with a further direction not to sell the property for a  period  of
three years from 01.03.2012. Aggrieved, the appellant-bank  is  before  this
Court.
Following are the main questions of law raised in this appeal:

“E.   Whether by the impugned order,  the  Hon’ble  High  Court  could  have
allowed the Writ Petition and directed the petitioner to accept  the  amount
of Rs.5.42 crores and release the sale deed, notwithstanding the  fact  that
as per terms of one time settlement sanction, the respondent No.1 could  not
have alienated the mortgaged property for three years?
Whether by the  impugned  order,  the  Hon’ble  High  Court  has  failed  to
consider that as per terms of one time settlement  dated  01.03.2012,  there
was bar on alienation for three years and if the properties are sold  within
the next three years, the respondent No.1 had to take prior permission  from
the petitioner and share 50%  of  increase  in  Fair  Market  Value  of  the
property which was Rs.882 lacs at the time of sanction of the settlement?
Whether by the impugned order, the Hon’ble High  Court  failed  to  consider
that inspite of bar on alienation as per  sanction  dated  01.03.2012,  duly
accepted by respondent no.1, the respondent No.1 clandestinely entered  into
an Agreement to Sell with respondent  No.2  in  respect  of  land  measuring
11855.5 sq.yds. for an amount of  Rs.4.95  crores,  without  either  seeking
prior permission from the petitioner Bank and/or  sharing  50%  increase  in
the Fair Market Value of the Property?”


Heard the learned Counsel appeared on both sides.
The main contention advanced by the learned Counsel for  the  appellant-bank
is that the first respondent having entered into agreement for sale  of  the
property, as per OTS, the bank is entitled to 50% of the fair  market  value
in addition to the OTS payment. It  is  further  submitted  that  the  first
respondent having created a third  party  interest,  the  appellant-bank  is
entitled to claim the fair market value.
We are afraid, the  contentions  cannot  be  appreciated.  As  per  the  OTS
proposal dated 01.03.2012. the restriction is only on sale of the  mortgaged
property for a period of three years, and in case, the properties  are  sold
within the said lock in period of three years, the same should be done  with
the permission of the bank and that the first respondent  should  share  50%
of the increase in fair market value of the property, fixed at the  time  of
sanction of the settlement.
The undisputed factual position is that the appellant-bank has not  released
the mortgage.  The  possession  of  the  mortgaged  property  has  not  been
delivered to the first respondent so far. The  three  year  lock  in  period
expired on 01.03.2015. The creation of third party interest  or  arrangement
by way of agreement for sale within the three year period is different  from
sale. Admittedly, sale has not been made within the period  of  three  years
of settlement. The scheme has not provided  for  any  other  restriction  of
involvement of third party interest for settlement of  the  dues.  The  only
restriction  is  on  sale  of  the  property  within  three  years  of   the
settlement. That admittedly having not been done, the appellant cannot  rest
any claim under law for the share of the increase in fair  market  value  by
way of recompense. There is nothing to be recompensed  since  the  bank  has
not suffered or lost anything.
Thus, we see no error in the view taken by the High  Court.  The  appeal  is
dismissed. The appellant-bank is directed to release the title deed  of  the
mortgaged property to the first respondent and also handover the  possession
of the property to the first respondent within two weeks.
There shall be no order as to costs.

                                                          ................J.
                                                             (KURIAN JOSEPH)




                                                     .....................J.
                                                     (ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN)

New Delhi;
March 29, 2016.
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                                                                  REPORTABLE





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