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Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Crl.), 546 of 2004, Judgment Date: May 11, 2016

  

                                                                   REPORTABLE

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA




                       CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION




                       CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.546 of 2004




      Mohd. Jalees Ansari  and others                         ... Appellants

                                   Versus

      Central  Bureau   of   Investigation                ….      Respondent


                               J U D G M E N T


      Uday U. Lalit, J.


       1.     This appeal under Section 19 of the Terrorist  and  Disruptive
      Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987 (hereinafter  referred  to  as  TADA
      Act) challenges the judgment and final order dated  28.02.2004  passed
      by the Designated Court Ajmer, Rajasthan in TADA Special Case No.6  of
      1994.  Originally  sixteen  accused  persons  were  tried  for  having
      committed offences under TADA Act and other enactments.  Accused  No.6
      Irfan Ahmad escaped from custody while the  trial  was  going  on  and
      therefore his case was separated. He was later arrested in June,  2015
      and is now being proceeded against  separately.  Accused  No.12  Mohd.
      Azeemuddin though convicted and sentenced by the Designated Court  was
      found to be juvenile on the date of occurrence in this appeal  and  as
      such his case stands separated. All the other accused namely A-1 to A-
      5, A-7 to A-11 and A-13 to A-16 are presently in appeal.

      2.    There were bomb  blasts  in  various  trains  during  the  night
      intervening 5th and 6th of December, 1993.
            (i)  An explosion occurred around 10:50 p.m.  on  05.12.1993  in
      Rajdhani Express running from New Delhi to Howrah. In  that  explosion
      near  Kanpur  Railway  Station,  two  persons   were   injured.    FIR
      No.595/1993  (Ext.  P-307)  of  P.S.  GRP   Kanpur   was   accordingly
      registered.
            (ii)  At about 5 a.m. in the morning of 06.12.1993 an  explosion
      took place in Rajdhani Express running from Howrah  to  New  Delhi  in
      Kanpur Division. However no major injury was suffered by anyone.  This
      led to filing of FIR No.765 of 1993 (Ext. P 426) of P.S. GRP Allahabad
      which was later re-registered as  FIR  No.597  of  1993  of  P.S.  GRP
      Kanpur.
           (iii) An explosion occurred at about 5:15 a.m. on 06.12.1993  in
      Rajdhani Express running from Mumbai Central to New  Delhi  near  Kota
      Railway Station which caused  injuries  to  five  persons  leading  to
      registration of FIR No.174 of 1993 (Ext. P60) of P.S. GRP Kota.
            (iv) At about 6 a.m. on 06.12.1993 an explosion  took  place  in
      Flying Queen running from Surat Railway  Station  to  Mumbai  Central,
      near Bestan Railway Station causing injury to one person. This led  to
      lodging of FIR No.132 of 1993 (Ext. P 150) of P.S. GRP Valsad.
            (v) At about 7:05 a.m. on 06.12.1993 a  bomb  exploded  in  A.P.
      Express running from Hyderabad to Nizammudin. This explosion  occurred
      in general compartment while  the  train  was  at  Moula  Ali  Railway
      Station causing death of two persons. This led to registration of  FIR
      No.251/1993 (Ext.D-63) of PS GRP Malkajgiri.
            (vi) A device  meant  to  cause  explosion  was  detected  by  a
      watchful passenger in Bangalore Kurla Express while the train was near
      Karjat Railway Station. The device  was  thrown  out  of  the  Railway
      compartment and as such did not cause any damage. This incident led to
      registration of FIR No.91 of 1993 (Ext.D-162) of PS GRP Karjat.


      3.    All the aforesaid six crimes  were  registered  against  unknown
      persons. Out of  the  aforesaid  six  incidents,  the  explosion  that
      occurred at Maula Ali Station in Hyderabad had  caused  death  of  two
      persons. PW 117 P.  Chandrashekar  Reddy,  Superintendent  of  Police,
      Ranga Reddy Distt, on receiving information from Police  Control  Room
      reached the site  at  about  8:30  a.m.  on  06.12.1993  and  dictated
      proceedings Ext.P 450 later in the Police Station invoking  provisions
      of TADA Act.  Ext.P-450 was to the following effect:-

           “PROCEEDINGS OF THE SUPRINTENDENT OF POLICE: RANGA  REDDY  DIST.
           PRESENT: SRI. P. CHANDRA SEKHAR REDDY, IPS.,


           No. 251/Camp/SP-RR/93 dated 06.12.1993


           Sub:-Cr.No.251/93 of P.S. Malkajgiri


           Sri P. Radha Krishna Rao, Sub-Inspector  of  Police,  Malkajgiri
           P.S., sent the contents of the complaint  given  by  Sri.  Ahmed
           Hussain, which revealed the facts that attracts Section 3, 4 and
           5 of TADA besides others Sections of Law.  Having  satisfied,  I
           am permitting the S.I. to register the case U/s 3, 4  and  5  of
           TADA besides other Sections of Law.
                                                                        Sd/-
                                                            dated 06.12.1993
                                                   Superintendent of Police,
                                                        Ranga Reddy District
           To
           Station House Officer, Malkajgiri P.S.
           Copy to S.D. P.O Malkajgiri for inf.”


      FIR No.251 of 1993 was therefore registered  for  offences  punishable
      under Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA Act besides other provisions. Out of
      the aforesaid six FIR’s only FIR No.251 at 1993 of PS GRP  Malkhajgiri
      was registered for offences under TADA while the  provisions  of  TADA
      were not initially invoked in rest of the FIR’s.

      4.    Vide notifications dated 21.12.1993 and  28.12.1993  the  crimes
      registered by first Five FIR’s,  where  the  explosions  had  in  fact
      occurred were transferred to Central Bureau of  Investigation  (“CBI”,
      for short) for investigation. The  CBI  thereafter  re-registered  the
      crimes as R.C. No.43(S) /93 of CBI Lucknow, R.C. No.44 (S)/93  of  CBI
      Lukcnow, R.C. No.37 (S)/93 of CBI Jaipur, RC 43(S)/93 of CBI Ahmedabad
      and RC No.32 (S)/ 93 of CBI Hyderabad against those  registered  under
      Serial No.(i) to (v) respectively of the preceding paragraph.  PW  148
      R.P. Kaushal was the Investigating  Officer  as  regards  both  crimes
      registered  at  Lucknow.   He  was  also  the  Investigating   Officer
      regarding the crime registered at Jaipur but was later replaced by  PW
      150 P.D. Meena.  PW 145 K S Nair  was  the  Investigating  Officer  as
      regards the crime registered at Hyderabad.  He was initially in charge
      of investigation regarding the crime registered at Ahmedabad as  well,
      but was later replaced by PW 140 V.K. Bindal.

      5.    PW 145 K.S. Nair reached Ahmedabad  on  28.12.1993  and  sent  a
      requisition on 29.12.1993 to the Director, FSL, Ahmedabad and received
      Report Ext. P-506 dated 30.12.1993. From reading of the documents  and
      other case papers he found  that  the  provisions  of  TADA  Act  were
      attracted to the case and therefore prepared Report  dated  08.01.1994
      seeking approval for adding provisions of TADA Act.   He  was  however
      required to go to Hyderabad on 11.01.1994.   While  in  Hyderabad,  he
      came to know about arrest of A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  on  12.01.1994  in
      connection with Bombay Blast Case.  He, therefore, went to  Mumbai  on
      13.01.1994 and reached STF Office at 7:00 pm.  From his interrogation,
      involvement of said A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari in the  serial  train  blasts
      and that of A3 Habib Ahmed Khan and A4 M. Jamal Alvi was discovered.

      6.    On 13.01.1994 PW 62 H.C. Singh, SP, STF, CBI also came  down  to
      Mumbai from New Delhi and PW 145 K.S. Nair had discussion with him  in
      the matter including the result of the interrogation of A1 Dr.  Jalees
      Ansari.  PW 145 K.S. Nair, who was  carrying  with  him  copy  of  the
      Report prepared by him on 08.01.1994,  submitted  it  to  PW  62  H.C.
      Singh, whereupon PW 62 H.C. Singh gave his  approval  for  adding  the
      provisions of TADA Act.  This Report Ext. P-246 was to  the  following
      effect.
                 “Sub:   Investigation of RC 43(S)/93-CBI/Ahmedabad
           Case RC 43(S)/93-CBI/Ahmedabad has been registered  on  23.12.93
           on transfer from the local police authorities u/s 307, 120-B IPC
           and Sec. 3,4,5 of Explosive Substances Act of 84, and Sec.  3(2)
           of the Prevention of Damage of Public Properties Act.


                 Facts in brief are that one bomb exploded  in  the  flying
           queen train which left Surat Station at 5:30 AM of  6-12-93  for
           Bombay, in IInd class compartment  No.7392(D-I)  the  train  was
           bound for Bombay.  The explosion took place exactly at  6.00  AM
           when the illfated train  reached  Bheistan  Rly.  Station.   One
           person namely SH. Amish Piyushkar Shah aged about 23  years  R/o
           Vanktash Appartment 7/A Ami Falia Surat, the  attendant  of  the
           complainant Shy. Ramniklal Malukchand Shah Head Clerk,  (Retd.),
           Rajkot Railway, had suffered head injuries on  account  of  bomb
           explosion.   The  victim  was  seated  in  seat  No.136  of  D-1
           compartment whereas the explosive  device  was  reportedly  kept
           under the seat “Sadiq” for his journey  from  Surat  to  Bombay.
           Investigation revealed that the said suspect though reserved the
           seat but did not travel  in  this  train.   In  all  there  were
           reservations for 11 passengers including  the  suspect  and  the
           victim in the said D-1 bogie.


                 The exhibits have been seized from the scene of occurrence
           by the  local  police  authorities  and  sent  to  the  Forensic
           Laboratory/Ahmedabad for expert opinion.   The  seized  articles
           included iron nails, clock pieces and the pieces of Alfa luggage
           etc.  These  articles  were  examined  by  Sh.SM  Darji,  Asstt.
           Director, FSL/Ahmedabad and  opined  that  Amonium  and  nitrate
           redicles, (redicles of ammonium nitrate) and the  hydro  carbons
           of petrolium oil mixture of high explosive were detected in  the
           exhibits.    Sh.B.P.,   Upadhayay,Asstt.   Director/FSL    after
           examining the articles  seized  from  the  scene  of  occurrence
           concluded  that  the  bomb  was  kept  in  “Alfa  luggage”  with
           electronic clock machine needle etc. were used to ensure  ‘delay
           mechanism’.  Investigation also confirmed that the bomb exploded
           after  half-an-hour  run  from  Surat   Station.    Director/FSL
           informed that similar explosive  devices  had  been  planted  in
           other running trains where similar  bomb  explosions  had  taken
           place on 06.12.1993.  The expert opinion clearly indicates  that
           the suspect/suspects had  planted  the  explosive  device  which
           comes within the ambit of TADA and  the  facts  reveals  so  far
           constitute offence punishable U/Ss 3, 4 & 5 of the TADA (P)  Act
           also.


                 The sequential nature of the explosions which had occurred
           in 5 running trains simultaneously clearly indicates that  there
           existed a deep rooted conspiracy to strike terror in the  people
           to cause loss to lives and damage to public  properties  it  is,
           necessary that Section 3, 4 & 5 of the TADA (P) Act for  further
           investigation in this case.  Copy  of  the  expert  opinions  of
           FSL/Ahmedabad is attached for perusal.


                 Submitted please.


           (K.S. Nair)
           DY.SUPDT.OF POLICE
           CBI STF NEW DELHI


                 The facts revealed make out a case u/s 3 & 4 of  TADA  (P)
           Act.  Inclusion of these Sections of law is approved. [1]


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                                   H.C.Singh
                                                            dated 13.01.1994
                                                            Supdt. of Police
                                                                      C.B.I.
                                                                  New Delhi”



      7.     Since the applicability of the provisions of TADA Act was  also
      found to have been made out as regards other crimes, a fax message was
      sent by PW 62 H.C. Singh to SP CBI Lucknow  on  14.01.1994  requesting
      that provisions of TADA Act be included and that A3 Habib  Ahmed  Khan
      and A4 M. Jamal Alvi be arrested.  This fax message, Ext. P-247 was as
      under:-

                                “FAX MESSAGE

           TO    SP CBI LUCKNOW


           FROM : SP CBI STF NEW DELHI
           CAMP: BOMBAY


           REF NO. 35/94/CBI/STF, BOMBAY


                       One   Dr.   Mohd.   Jalees   Ansari   arrested    in
           1(S)/93/STF/Bombay(Bombay Bomb Blast case)  has  disclosed  that
           the planning and execution of bomb blasts  in  Rajdhani  Express
           Trains near Kanpur on 5/6.12.93  was  done  by  Jamal  Alvi  R/o
           Chawal Wali Gali, Nakhas Chow, Lucknow and Dr. Habib R/o Kaharon
           Ka Adda, Rae Bareli. It  is  requested  that  these  persons  be
           arrested  in  RC   43   &   44(S)/93/CBI/LUCKNOW   and   further
           investigations carried out.  CIO Sh. R. P.  Kaushal  Dy.  SP  is
           reaching Lucknow  today  evening  by  flight  No.  IC-835.   The
           disclosures of Dr. Jalees Ansari reveal offences under  Sections
           3, 4 & 5 of TADA (P) Act.  Hence these Sections of TADA (P)  Act
           be included in the case diary.


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                                  H.C. Singh
                                                             dated 14.1.1994
                                                      SP, CBI, STF NEW DELHI
                                                             CAMP AT BOMBAY”


      8.    While PW 148 R.P.Kaushal was at SPE  Headquarters  at  Delhi  on
      14.01.1994, he received information from PW 62 H.C. Singh who was then
      camping at Mumbai that  he  should  go  to  Lucknow  immediately.   On
      reaching Lucknow on 15.01.1994 PW 148 R.P. Kaushal came to  know  that
      A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan  and  A4  Jamal  Alvi  had  been  arrested  on
      14.01.1994 by Lucknow Branch of CBI.  He also received  the  aforesaid
      fax message Ext. 247 regarding addition of Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA
      Act in both the cases.  On 15.01.1994,  he  submitted  an  application
      Ext. P-518 under his signature seeking police remand of  the  arrested
      accused.  In this application,  he  had  included  the  provisions  of
      Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA Act. Another application namely Ext. P-521
      was submitted seeking remand for 14 days. This  application  had  also
      included aforesaid provisions of TADA Act.


      9.    The Investigating Team conducting  investigation  in  connection
      with the crime registered at Jaipur was appraised of  the  disclosures
      coming from the interrogation of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari that one of  the
      suspects namely  A2  Ashfaque  Khan  lived   in  Dausa  in  Rajasthan.
      Immediately, search of the residence of A2 Ashfaque Khan was  effected
      in which certain documents were seized indicating  his  complicity  in
      the crime. A2 Ashfaque Khan  was  called  for  interrogation.   PW  34
      Shankar Surolia, SP, CBI, SPE  of  Jaipur  after  having  perused  the
      seized documents and  being  satisfied   about  the  applicability  of
      provisions of TADA Act, issued following order Ext. P-160 on 15.1.1994
       directing addition of Sections 3 and 4 of TADA Act in the matter.
                                   “Order


           RC No. 37(S)/93 of SPE/CBI/Jaipur dated 15.01.1994


           I have gone through the Case Diaries, documents and statement of
           accused Aspak Khan  which  clearly  indicate  that  the  accused
           persons Dr. Jalees Ansari, Shameem Ansari R/o Bombay Aspak  Khan
           R/o Dausa and others conspired with each other during  the  year
           1992-93 to commit the terrorist and destructive  activities,  to
           the harmony amongst different Sections of  people  of  India  by
           using explosives substances.  In persons planted  bomb  to  kill
           the passengers and damage the Rajdhani Express Train  Ex  Bombay
           to New Delhi, in Coach No. C-7, which exploded at about 5.15  AM
           on 6.12.93 between  Indragarh  and  Amli  Stations.   The  blast
           caused injuries to the various passengers  and  damages  to  the
           public property.   Thus,  the  accused  persons  have  committed
           offences punishable u/s 3 & 4 of TADA (P) 1987  in  addition  to
           Sections mentioned in the FIR.  I therefore, direct  Sh.  R.  D.
           Kalia, Inspector, CBI, Jaipur to proceed with the  investigation
           accordingly.


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                            Supdt. of Police
                                                           SPE, CBI, Jaipur”




                 The provisions of TADA Act thus stood invoked  in  all  the
           crimes.


      10.   When A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was arrested in connection with Bombay
      Blast Case, 7 firearms, 2 grenades, 20  detonators,  live  cartridges,
      plastic bag containing explosives and timer device were  found  during
      search and seizure.  At the  time  of  arrest  of  A2  Ashfaque  Khan,
      visiting card of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari as well as diary containing name
      of ‘Abdullah’ with a phone number was found.  Similarly, at  the  time
      of  arrest  of  A4  Jamal  Alvi,  certain  arms  and  explosives  were
      recovered.


      11.   On 20.01.1994 application Ext.D-198 was moved on  behalf  of  A5
      Afaque Khan that said Accused was in  illegal  detention  of  CBI,  to
      which a reply was filed in the Court at Lucknow that the  Accused  was
      interrogated on 17.1.1994 and was called for further interrogation  on
      21.01.1994. It may be noted that a telegram was sent on 18.01.1994  to
      the  Hon’ble  President  of  India  that  said  accused  was  in   the
      confinement of CBI.  However according to the Record, A5 Afaq Khan was
      arrested at 10 p.m. on 20.01.1994 by Delhi Police in  connection  with
      Case no. 46/94 of P.S. Malviya Nagar, New Delhi under  Sections  3,  4
      and 5 of TADA Act.


      12.   On 28th and 29th January, 1994, a confessional statement Ext.  P
      248 of A2 Ashfaque Khan came to be recorded under Section 15  of  TADA
      Act by PW 62 H.C. Singh. The confessing accused was produced before PW
      62 H.C. Singh on 28.01.1994, on which date PW 62 H.C. Singh  gave  him
      24 hours time to think over the matter. The  confession  was  recorded
      the next day.     In  his  confessional  statement  A2  Ashfaque  Khan
      disclosed how he came in contact with A1 Dr. Jaless Ansari and how  he
      procured explosive material for him.


      13.   On 02.02.1994 a confessional statement of A5 Afaque  Khan,  Ext.
      241-A under Section 15 of TADA Act  was  recorded  by  PW  61  Prabhat
      Singh, DCP, South Delhi. The first part of the statement was  recorded
      by one Nepal Singh in his handwriting. It was stated in the confession
      that A5 Afaque Khan was present in a meeting held in the last week  of
      September 1993 which meeting was attended by A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari,  A3
      Dr. Habib and A4 Dr. Jamal Alvi and others in which it was planned and
      decided to cause explosion  of  bombs  in  long  distance  prestigious
      trains. It was further stated by him that he had fixed the circuit and
      timing in bombs.  On the same day, A6 Irfan Khan was  produced  before
      PW 61 Prabhat Singh and his  confessional  statement  Ext.  P-243  was
      recorded.


      14.    On  06.02.1994  as  A1  Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  desired  to   give
      confessional statement; he was produced in CBI  office  before  PW  62
      H.C. Singh, who gave him warning that such  statement  could  be  used
      against him and gave him 24 hours time to reflect over the matter.  A1
      Dr. Jalees Ansari was again produced the next day i.e. on  07.02.1994,
      when PW 62 H.C. Singh recorded his confession  Ext.  P  250.   It  was
      stated in the confession  that  after  completing  his  MBBS,  he  had
      initially joined service as Doctor in  Public  Health  Department  and
      later did private practice, that he had planted a bomb in Malegaon for
      which he was arrested and later released on bail, that during the year
      1992-1993 he continued to plant bombs at various places in Mumbai  and
      in trains which claimed some lives, that he met A2 Ashfaque  Khan  who
      supplied him detonators and gelatin sticks.  He,  therefore,  narrated
      how he and other accused had planned and executed the explosions  that
      occurred on 5th and 6th December 1993.

      15.   On 12.02.1994 A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan was produced before PW  62
      HC Singh  in  his  office  at  New  Delhi  as  he  wanted  to  make  a
      confessional statement. The accused was given 24 hours time  to  think
      over the matter. A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan was again produced  the  next
      day and his confession Ext. P-251 under Section 15  of  TADA  Act  was
      recorded.


      16.   On 16.02.1994 PW 103 K.M. Reddy, Deputy Commissioner  of  Police
      Hyderabad recorded  confessional  statements  of  A11  Md.  Shamsuddin
      (Ext.P. 427-428) of A12 Md. Azeemuddin (Ext. P. 429-430)  and  of  A13
      Md. Yusuf (Ext. P 431-432). These three confessions were  recorded  in
      Crime No.336 of 1993, Abid Road Police Station, Hyderabad.   In  these
      confessions, the confessing accused stated how  they  were  associated
      with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and how they had assisted in  planting  bomb
      at Secundrabad Railway Station in September 1993 and in  A.P.  Express
      on the morning of 06.12.1993.


      17.   On 17.02.1994 A4 M. Jamal Alvi was  produced  before  PW  62  HC
      Singh as the accused wanted to make a confessional statement.   PW  62
      HC Singh gave him 24 hours time to think over. He was  again  produced
      on 18.02.1994 and PW 62 HC Singh proceeded to record his  confessional
      statement (Ext.P 253).


      18.   On 28.02.1994 A1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  was  produced  before  the
      Designated Court, Bombay with application under Section 169  Cr.  P.C.
      preferred by CBI seeking his discharge from Bombay Bomb  Blasts  Case.
      It was stated that after investigation the accused was not found to be
      connected with Bombay Bomb Blasts case.  Accordingly,  the  Designated
      Court discharged A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari from Bombay Bomb Blasts case. On
      the same day an application namely MA 72 of 1994 was preferred  by  PW
      150 PD Meena seeking custody of A1 Jalees Ansari which  was  given  to
      him by the Designated Court. The material recovered at the time of his
      arrest and during search and seizure was also made  over.  Thereafter,
      on 01.03.1994 A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was produced in TADA Court,  Ajmer,
      Rajashthan but since  the  presiding  officer  was  on  leave  he  was
      produced before Additional Sessions Judge, Ajmer  who  gave  two  days
      remand. On 04.03.1994 A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was  produced  before  TADA
      Court which remanded him to judicial custody.


      19.   On 08.03.1994 A8 Mohd. Saleem Ansari was produced  before  PW  9
      K.V. Reddy, Deputy Commissioner of Police, North  Zone,  Hyderabad  in
      connection with Crime No.151 of 1993 registered  under  TADA  Act  and
      other  offences,  as  the  accused  desired  to  give  a  confessional
      statement. In the confession  (Ext.P-444)  recorded  by  PW  109  K.V.
      Reddy, the confessing accused accepted his  role  in  Bomb  Blasts  of
      Humayun Nagar Police Station and Abid Road Police Station and that  he
      was also associated  in  planting  the  Bomb  on  06.12.1993  in  A.P.
      Express.


      20.   On the same day a confessional statement (Ext.P  445)  of  A  10
      Mohd. Nissarudin was also recorded by PW 109 K.V. Reddy in  connection
      with Crime No.336 of 1993, Abid Road Police  Station,  Hyderabad.  The
      confessing accused in said confessional statement accepted his role in
      planting of Bomb in the compartment of A.P. Express on 06.12.1993  and
      that he was also having two other Bombs which were meant  for  use  in
      K.K. Express on the same day but because of his ill  health  he  could
      not use them.


      21.   On 26.04.1994 an order was passed clubbing  all  five  cases  as
      they were found to be outcome of a single conspiracy. The order  dated
      26.04.1994 (Ext.P 259) was to the following effect:-
                                   “ORDER


                 Investigations in the under mentioned cases relating  bomb
           blasts  in  prestigious  trains  on  5/6.  12.93,   which   were
           registered in concerned Branches of the CBI  have revealed  that
           these bomb blasts were outcome of a single conspiracy.  Hence  ,
           for better appreciation of facts and  through  investigation  of
           the cases, the investigation in these cases STF, New Delhi  will
           be the C.I.O of these cases. The present  arrangement  of  CIO’S
           from STF and Assisting IO’s  from  the  concerned  branches  for
           these cases will, however, continue.


        i)  RC 32(S)/93/CBI/Hyderabad.
       ii) RC 43(S)/93/CBI/Ahmedabad
      iii) RC 37 (S)/93/CBI/Jaipur
       iv) RC 43 (S)/93/CBI/Lucknow
        v) RC 44(S)/93/CBI/Lucknow


           En  dt.  No.  8/94/STF/BB/1396  Dt.  26.4.1994             (Arun
           Bhagat)
                                                Addl. Director CBI(S)”




      22.   On 01.07.1994 a confessional statement  (Ext.P  434-435)  of  A9
      Mohd. Zaheeruddin was recorded by PW 105 Rajeev Trivedi in  connection
      with Crime No.636  of  1996,  Abid  Road,  P.S.,  Hyderabad.  In  this
      confessional statement the accused stated about his  association  with
      A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and about his acts of planting  bomb  at  Humayun
      Nagar, Abid Road, P.S. and Secundrabad Railway Reservation Complex and
      also about his role in planting a bomb in the  unreserved  compartment
      of A.P. Express on 06.12.1993.


      23.    On 26.07.1994 A7 Fazlur Rehman was produced before PW  62  H.C.
      Singh in the office of Superintendent of Police, CBI,  Jaipur  as  the
      accused wanted to make a confessional statement.   PW  62  H.C.  Singh
      gave him 24 hours time to think over the matter. The accused was again
      produced on 27.07.1994 on which date his confessional statement  Ext.P
      255 was recorded. In his confessional  statement  the  accused  stated
      about his association with A1 Jalees Ansari.


      24.   On 28.08.1994, PW 107 K. Vijaya Rama Rao, Inspector  General  of
      Police and Director CBI accorded sanction (Ext.P 437) under Section 20
      A (2) of TADA Act to prosecute accused  Nos.  1  to  13  for  offences
      punishable under TADA Act and other enactments.  A Charge-sheet  Ext.P
      266 dated 25.08.1994 was thereafter filed in the court  of  Designated
      Court, Ajmer, Rajasthan against accused Nos.1 to 13. The  charge-sheet
      also included sanction order dated 19.09.1994  passed  by  the  Deputy
      Commissioner of Police, Mumbai under Arms Act in  respect  of  various
      arms recovered from A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  and  sanction  order  dated
      22.07.1994 passed by Distt. Magistrate, Lucknow in respect of Arms and
      Explosives recovered from A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


      25.   After filing of the aforesaid  charge-sheet  A14  Md.  Amin  was
      apprehended. He having desired to  give  confessional  statement,  was
      produced before PW 62 H.C. Singh on 17.11.1994.  PW 62 H.C. Singh gave
      him time of 24 hrs. to think over the matter. The  accused  was  again
      produced on 18.11.1994 on which date the confessional statement of the
      accused Ext.P 257 came to be recorded. In his  confessional  statement
      the accused disclosed his association with A1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  and
      how the said accused was taught by him to make bomb devices.


      26.   A supplementary charge-sheet (Ext P-267)  dated  18.04.1995  was
      thereafter filed against A14 Mohd. Amin in the Designated Court.  This
      was preceded by order of sanction (Ext. P-438) under Section 20 A  (2)
      of TADA Act by PW 107 V. Rana Rao.


      27.    On  21.05.1996,   Metropolitan   Sessions   Judge,   Hyderabad,
      Designated Court under TADA Act ordered discharge of accused under the
      provisions of TADA Act in four cases namely Sessions Case  Nos.438  of
      1994, 584 of 1994, 13 of 1995 and 14 of 1995.  Sessions Case No.438 of
      1994 arose from FIR No.336 of 1993 of  Police  Station  Abid  Road  in
      which confessions of present accused Nos.9, 10, 11,  12  and  13  were
      recorded.  Apart from present accused Nos.9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, A1 Dr.
      Jalees Ansari, A8 Saleem Ansari and others were also accused in  those
      Sessions Cases.  It was observed by the Designated Court that none  of
      the FIRs  in  those  four  cases  was  registered  under  any  of  the
      provisions of TADA Act.  It found that there was no prior approval  in
      writing to invoke the provisions of TADA Act and as  such  the  entire
      case had to be transferred  under  Section  18  of  TADA  Act  to  the
      competent Court for disposal.  It  further  found  that  sanctions  to
      prosecute under Section 20 A (2) of TADA Act were also invalid.


      28.   This decision of  the  Designated  Court  dated  21.05.1996  was
      challenged by State of Andhra Pradesh by  preferring  Criminal  Appeal
      Nos.  2010-2013  of  1996  in  this  Court.   By   its   order   dated
      17.04.2001[2], this Court was prima facie  of  the  opinion  that  the
      exercise of power under Section 20 A (2)  of  TADA  Act  by  the  then
      Commissioner of Police was in a very casual manner and  as  such  this
      Court  deemed  it  appropriate  to  issue  notice  to  the   concerned
      Commissioner to show cause why adverse remarks against him be not made
      in the judgment by which the appeal was to be disposed of.  The record
      indicates that thereafter on 17.07.2001, at the request  of  State  of
      Andhra Pradesh, the aforesaid appeals were allowed to be withdrawn and
      consequently notice issued to the then Commissioner  of  Police  stood
      discharged.  With the withdrawal of appeals, the order passed  by  the
      Designated Court holding the invocation of TADA Act under Section 20 A
      (1) in respect of four crimes including one under FIR No.336 of 93  to
      be invalid, attained finality.


      29.   A15 Aizaz Akbar who was apprehended sometime in 1997, desired to
      make confessional statement.  He was therefore produced on  01.06.1997
      before PW1 O.P. Chhatwal who gave him 24 hours time to think over  the
      matter.  The accused was thereafter produced on 02.06.1997 before  PW1
      O.P.Chhatwal  who  recorded  his  confession  (Ext.  P-1).    In   his
      confession, the accused stated  that  he  used  to  work  as  Computer
      Operator with M/s Tawakkal Travels, Mumbai,  that  he  was  associated
      with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and that he had gone to Hyderabad  alongwith
      A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and had planted bomb  at  Humayun  Nagar,  Police
      Station and at Habib Road, Police Station in August, 1993.  He further
      stated how he had planted bomb in Bangalore-Kurla Express.


      30.   On 26.07.1997 second supplementary charge sheet  (Ext.D-53)  was
      filed against A15 Aizaz Akbar and six other absconding  accused.  This
      was preceded by order of sanction  Ext.P-471  dated  25.07.1997  under
      Section 20A (2) of TADA Act accorded by PW 130 R.C. Sharma,  Inspector
      General of Police and Director CBI, New Delhi.


      31.   Thereafter A16 Abre Rehmat Ansari was arrested. Since he desired
      to make a confessional statement, he was produced  before  PW  1  O.P.
      Chhatwal on 01.01.1998 on which date he was given  24  hours  time  to
      think over the matter. The accused was again  produced  on  02.01.1998
      when his confessional statement Ext. P-4 was recorded under Section 15
      of TADA Act. In his confession, A16 stated his full name  to  be  Abre
      Rehmat Ansari and that he was also known by name ‘Kari’. It was stated
      that he had received training in Pakistan where they  were  instigated
      to indulge in subversive activities,  that  he  participated  in  four
      firing incidents at CRPF/BSF bunkers, that  in  Aug-Sep  1993  he  was
      introduced to A4 M. Jamal Alvi, that he  had  supplied  him  arms  and
      explosives in Oct-Nov 1993 and  that  he  had  also  supplied  5kg  of
      explosives, 4 detonators and 4 timers to A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


      32.    A  third  supplementary  chargesheet  Ext.P-513  was  filed  on
      23.03.1998 against A16 Abrey Rehmat  Ansari.  Sanction  under  Section
      20A(2) dated 27.02.1998 (Ext.P 469) for such prosecution was  accorded
      by PW 128 D.R. Karthikeyan, Inspector General of Police  and  Director
      CBI, New Delhi.


      33.   On 13.10.1999 the Designated Court passed Order framing  charges
      against Accused Nos.1 to 16.  Accordingly they were charged for having
      committed offences punishable under TADA  Act  and  other  enactments.
      For facility, paragraphs 86 to 92 of the judgment  of  the  Designated
      Court which set out charges against the Accused, are quoted as under:

            “86. After hearing both the parties, accused  (A-1)  Dr.  Mohd.
           Jalees Ansari, (A-11) Mohd.Shamsuddin  @  Painter  Baba,  (A-14)
           Mohd. Amin were charged u/s 120-B IPC, Sections 3(3), 5 &  6  of
           TADA Act, Sections 4(a) & 4(b) of Explosive Substances  Act  and
           Section 9(B) of Explosive Act.  These  accused  have  also  been
           charged u/s 3(2), 5 and 6 of TADA Act, Section 3, 4(a) and  4(b)
           of  Explosive Substances Act. Section  9(B)  of  Explosive  Act,
           Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to  Public  Property  Act,
           Sections 150 & 151 of Indian Railways Act and Sections 302, 307,
           326, 324 & 436 IPC with each offence.


           87.   Accused (A-2) Ashfaque Khan, (3) Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan, (A-
           5) Mohd. Afaq Khan,  (A-9) Mohd. Zahiruddin Ahmed @  Ahmed,  (A-
           10) Mohd.Nissaruddin @ Mujju, (A-16) Abre Rehmat Ansari @  Kari,
           were charged u/s 120-B IPC,  Section  3(3)  &  6  of  TADA  Act,
           Sections 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances Act, Section 9(B)
           of Explosive Act.  These accused  have  also  been  charged  u/s
           3(2), 5 & 6 of TADA Act, Section 3, 4(a) and 4(b)  of  Explosive
           Substances Act, Section 9(B) of Explosives Act.   Section  4  of
           Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act,   Sections  150  &
           151 of Indian Railways Act,  Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 and 436
           r/w Section 120-B IPC with each offence.


           88.   Accused (A-4) Mohd. Jamal Alvi was charged u/s 120-B  IPC,
           Sections 3(3), and 6 of TADA Act,  Sections  4(a)  and  4(b)  of
           Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section  9(b)  of  Explosives  Act,
           Section 25(1-B) Arms Act.  This accused  was  also  charged  u/s
           3(2), 5 and 6  of  TADA  Act,  Sections  3,  4(a)  and  4(b)  of
           Explosive Substances Act, Section 9(B) Explosives Act, Section 4
           of Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act, Sections 150  &
           151 of Indian Railways Act, Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 and  436
           IPC r/w Section 120-B of IPC with each offence.


           89.   Accused (A-6) Irfan Ahmed, (A-15) Mohd. Aizaz  Akbar  were
           charged u/s 120-B, 307 IPC,  Section 3(2), 3(3), 6 of  TADA Act,
           Section  4(a),  4(b)  Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section  9(B)
           Explosives Act,  Section 150 of  Indian  Railways  Act.    These
           accused have also been charged u/s 3(2), 5  &  6  of  TADA  Act,
           Sections 3, 4(a) & 4(b) of  Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section
           9(b) of Explosives Act, Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to
           Public Property Act, Section 150 & 151 of Indian  Railways  Act,
           Section 302, 307, 326, 324 and 436 IPC  r/w  Section  120-B  IPC
           with each offence.


           90.   Accused (A-7) Fazlur Rehman Sufi @ Shamin was charged  u/s
           120-B, 307, 324, 326 and 436 IPC, Sections 3(2), 3(3), 5 & 6  of
           TADA Act, Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances Act,
           Section 9(B)  of Explosives Act,  Section  4  of  Prevention  of
           Damages to Public Property Act. Sections 150  &  151  of  Indian
           Railways Act.  He had also charged u/s 3(2), 5 & 6 of TADA  Act,
           Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances  Act,  Section
           9(B) of Explosives Act, Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to
           Public Property Act, Sections 150 & 151 of Indian Railways  Act,
           Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC r/w Section 120-B  of  IPC
           with each offence.


           91.   Accused (A-8) Mohd. Saleem Ansari was charged  u/s  120-B,
           Section 3(3) of TADA Act.  He was also charged u/s 3(2), 5  &  6
           of TADA Act, Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of  Explosive  Substances
           Act,  Section 9(B) of Explosives Act,  Section 4  of  Prevention
           of Damages to Public Property Act. Sections 150 & 151 of  Indian
           Railways Act.  Sections 302, 307,  324,  326  and  436  IPC  r/w
           Section 120-B of IPC with each offence.
                                                                   REPORTABLE

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA




                       CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION




                       CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.546 of 2004




      Mohd. Jalees Ansari  and others                         ... Appellants

                                   Versus

      Central  Bureau   of   Investigation                ….      Respondent


                               J U D G M E N T


      Uday U. Lalit, J.


       1.     This appeal under Section 19 of the Terrorist  and  Disruptive
      Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987 (hereinafter  referred  to  as  TADA
      Act) challenges the judgment and final order dated  28.02.2004  passed
      by the Designated Court Ajmer, Rajasthan in TADA Special Case No.6  of
      1994.  Originally  sixteen  accused  persons  were  tried  for  having
      committed offences under TADA Act and other enactments.  Accused  No.6
      Irfan Ahmad escaped from custody while the  trial  was  going  on  and
      therefore his case was separated. He was later arrested in June,  2015
      and is now being proceeded against  separately.  Accused  No.12  Mohd.
      Azeemuddin though convicted and sentenced by the Designated Court  was
      found to be juvenile on the date of occurrence in this appeal  and  as
      such his case stands separated. All the other accused namely A-1 to A-
      5, A-7 to A-11 and A-13 to A-16 are presently in appeal.

      2.    There were bomb  blasts  in  various  trains  during  the  night
      intervening 5th and 6th of December, 1993.
            (i)  An explosion occurred around 10:50 p.m.  on  05.12.1993  in
      Rajdhani Express running from New Delhi to Howrah. In  that  explosion
      near  Kanpur  Railway  Station,  two  persons   were   injured.    FIR
      No.595/1993  (Ext.  P-307)  of  P.S.  GRP   Kanpur   was   accordingly
      registered.
            (ii)  At about 5 a.m. in the morning of 06.12.1993 an  explosion
      took place in Rajdhani Express running from Howrah  to  New  Delhi  in
      Kanpur Division. However no major injury was suffered by anyone.  This
      led to filing of FIR No.765 of 1993 (Ext. P 426) of P.S. GRP Allahabad
      which was later re-registered as  FIR  No.597  of  1993  of  P.S.  GRP
      Kanpur.
           (iii) An explosion occurred at about 5:15 a.m. on 06.12.1993  in
      Rajdhani Express running from Mumbai Central to New  Delhi  near  Kota
      Railway Station which caused  injuries  to  five  persons  leading  to
      registration of FIR No.174 of 1993 (Ext. P60) of P.S. GRP Kota.
            (iv) At about 6 a.m. on 06.12.1993 an explosion  took  place  in
      Flying Queen running from Surat Railway  Station  to  Mumbai  Central,
      near Bestan Railway Station causing injury to one person. This led  to
      lodging of FIR No.132 of 1993 (Ext. P 150) of P.S. GRP Valsad.
            (v) At about 7:05 a.m. on 06.12.1993 a  bomb  exploded  in  A.P.
      Express running from Hyderabad to Nizammudin. This explosion  occurred
      in general compartment while  the  train  was  at  Moula  Ali  Railway
      Station causing death of two persons. This led to registration of  FIR
      No.251/1993 (Ext.D-63) of PS GRP Malkajgiri.
            (vi) A device  meant  to  cause  explosion  was  detected  by  a
      watchful passenger in Bangalore Kurla Express while the train was near
      Karjat Railway Station. The device  was  thrown  out  of  the  Railway
      compartment and as such did not cause any damage. This incident led to
      registration of FIR No.91 of 1993 (Ext.D-162) of PS GRP Karjat.


      3.    All the aforesaid six crimes  were  registered  against  unknown
      persons. Out of  the  aforesaid  six  incidents,  the  explosion  that
      occurred at Maula Ali Station in Hyderabad had  caused  death  of  two
      persons. PW 117 P.  Chandrashekar  Reddy,  Superintendent  of  Police,
      Ranga Reddy Distt, on receiving information from Police  Control  Room
      reached the site  at  about  8:30  a.m.  on  06.12.1993  and  dictated
      proceedings Ext.P 450 later in the Police Station invoking  provisions
      of TADA Act.  Ext.P-450 was to the following effect:-

           “PROCEEDINGS OF THE SUPRINTENDENT OF POLICE: RANGA  REDDY  DIST.
           PRESENT: SRI. P. CHANDRA SEKHAR REDDY, IPS.,


           No. 251/Camp/SP-RR/93 dated 06.12.1993


           Sub:-Cr.No.251/93 of P.S. Malkajgiri


           Sri P. Radha Krishna Rao, Sub-Inspector  of  Police,  Malkajgiri
           P.S., sent the contents of the complaint  given  by  Sri.  Ahmed
           Hussain, which revealed the facts that attracts Section 3, 4 and
           5 of TADA besides others Sections of Law.  Having  satisfied,  I
           am permitting the S.I. to register the case U/s 3, 4  and  5  of
           TADA besides other Sections of Law.
                                                                        Sd/-
                                                            dated 06.12.1993
                                                   Superintendent of Police,
                                                        Ranga Reddy District
           To
           Station House Officer, Malkajgiri P.S.
           Copy to S.D. P.O Malkajgiri for inf.”


      FIR No.251 of 1993 was therefore registered  for  offences  punishable
      under Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA Act besides other provisions. Out of
      the aforesaid six FIR’s only FIR No.251 at 1993 of PS GRP  Malkhajgiri
      was registered for offences under TADA while the  provisions  of  TADA
      were not initially invoked in rest of the FIR’s.

      4.    Vide notifications dated 21.12.1993 and  28.12.1993  the  crimes
      registered by first Five FIR’s,  where  the  explosions  had  in  fact
      occurred were transferred to Central Bureau of  Investigation  (“CBI”,
      for short) for investigation. The  CBI  thereafter  re-registered  the
      crimes as R.C. No.43(S) /93 of CBI Lucknow, R.C. No.44 (S)/93  of  CBI
      Lukcnow, R.C. No.37 (S)/93 of CBI Jaipur, RC 43(S)/93 of CBI Ahmedabad
      and RC No.32 (S)/ 93 of CBI Hyderabad against those  registered  under
      Serial No.(i) to (v) respectively of the preceding paragraph.  PW  148
      R.P. Kaushal was the Investigating  Officer  as  regards  both  crimes
      registered  at  Lucknow.   He  was  also  the  Investigating   Officer
      regarding the crime registered at Jaipur but was later replaced by  PW
      150 P.D. Meena.  PW 145 K S Nair  was  the  Investigating  Officer  as
      regards the crime registered at Hyderabad.  He was initially in charge
      of investigation regarding the crime registered at Ahmedabad as  well,
      but was later replaced by PW 140 V.K. Bindal.

      5.    PW 145 K.S. Nair reached Ahmedabad  on  28.12.1993  and  sent  a
      requisition on 29.12.1993 to the Director, FSL, Ahmedabad and received
      Report Ext. P-506 dated 30.12.1993. From reading of the documents  and
      other case papers he found  that  the  provisions  of  TADA  Act  were
      attracted to the case and therefore prepared Report  dated  08.01.1994
      seeking approval for adding provisions of TADA Act.   He  was  however
      required to go to Hyderabad on 11.01.1994.   While  in  Hyderabad,  he
      came to know about arrest of A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  on  12.01.1994  in
      connection with Bombay Blast Case.  He, therefore, went to  Mumbai  on
      13.01.1994 and reached STF Office at 7:00 pm.  From his interrogation,
      involvement of said A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari in the  serial  train  blasts
      and that of A3 Habib Ahmed Khan and A4 M. Jamal Alvi was discovered.

      6.    On 13.01.1994 PW 62 H.C. Singh, SP, STF, CBI also came  down  to
      Mumbai from New Delhi and PW 145 K.S. Nair had discussion with him  in
      the matter including the result of the interrogation of A1 Dr.  Jalees
      Ansari.  PW 145 K.S. Nair, who was  carrying  with  him  copy  of  the
      Report prepared by him on 08.01.1994,  submitted  it  to  PW  62  H.C.
      Singh, whereupon PW 62 H.C. Singh gave his  approval  for  adding  the
      provisions of TADA Act.  This Report Ext. P-246 was to  the  following
      effect.
                 “Sub:   Investigation of RC 43(S)/93-CBI/Ahmedabad
           Case RC 43(S)/93-CBI/Ahmedabad has been registered  on  23.12.93
           on transfer from the local police authorities u/s 307, 120-B IPC
           and Sec. 3,4,5 of Explosive Substances Act of 84, and Sec.  3(2)
           of the Prevention of Damage of Public Properties Act.


                 Facts in brief are that one bomb exploded  in  the  flying
           queen train which left Surat Station at 5:30 AM of  6-12-93  for
           Bombay, in IInd class compartment  No.7392(D-I)  the  train  was
           bound for Bombay.  The explosion took place exactly at  6.00  AM
           when the illfated train  reached  Bheistan  Rly.  Station.   One
           person namely SH. Amish Piyushkar Shah aged about 23  years  R/o
           Vanktash Appartment 7/A Ami Falia Surat, the  attendant  of  the
           complainant Shy. Ramniklal Malukchand Shah Head Clerk,  (Retd.),
           Rajkot Railway, had suffered head injuries on  account  of  bomb
           explosion.   The  victim  was  seated  in  seat  No.136  of  D-1
           compartment whereas the explosive  device  was  reportedly  kept
           under the seat “Sadiq” for his journey  from  Surat  to  Bombay.
           Investigation revealed that the said suspect though reserved the
           seat but did not travel  in  this  train.   In  all  there  were
           reservations for 11 passengers including  the  suspect  and  the
           victim in the said D-1 bogie.


                 The exhibits have been seized from the scene of occurrence
           by the  local  police  authorities  and  sent  to  the  Forensic
           Laboratory/Ahmedabad for expert opinion.   The  seized  articles
           included iron nails, clock pieces and the pieces of Alfa luggage
           etc.  These  articles  were  examined  by  Sh.SM  Darji,  Asstt.
           Director, FSL/Ahmedabad and  opined  that  Amonium  and  nitrate
           redicles, (redicles of ammonium nitrate) and the  hydro  carbons
           of petrolium oil mixture of high explosive were detected in  the
           exhibits.    Sh.B.P.,   Upadhayay,Asstt.   Director/FSL    after
           examining the articles  seized  from  the  scene  of  occurrence
           concluded  that  the  bomb  was  kept  in  “Alfa  luggage”  with
           electronic clock machine needle etc. were used to ensure  ‘delay
           mechanism’.  Investigation also confirmed that the bomb exploded
           after  half-an-hour  run  from  Surat   Station.    Director/FSL
           informed that similar explosive  devices  had  been  planted  in
           other running trains where similar  bomb  explosions  had  taken
           place on 06.12.1993.  The expert opinion clearly indicates  that
           the suspect/suspects had  planted  the  explosive  device  which
           comes within the ambit of TADA and  the  facts  reveals  so  far
           constitute offence punishable U/Ss 3, 4 & 5 of the TADA (P)  Act
           also.


                 The sequential nature of the explosions which had occurred
           in 5 running trains simultaneously clearly indicates that  there
           existed a deep rooted conspiracy to strike terror in the  people
           to cause loss to lives and damage to public  properties  it  is,
           necessary that Section 3, 4 & 5 of the TADA (P) Act for  further
           investigation in this case.  Copy  of  the  expert  opinions  of
           FSL/Ahmedabad is attached for perusal.


                 Submitted please.


           (K.S. Nair)
           DY.SUPDT.OF POLICE
           CBI STF NEW DELHI


                 The facts revealed make out a case u/s 3 & 4 of  TADA  (P)
           Act.  Inclusion of these Sections of law is approved. [1]


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                                   H.C.Singh
                                                            dated 13.01.1994
                                                            Supdt. of Police
                                                                      C.B.I.
                                                                  New Delhi”



      7.     Since the applicability of the provisions of TADA Act was  also
      found to have been made out as regards other crimes, a fax message was
      sent by PW 62 H.C. Singh to SP CBI Lucknow  on  14.01.1994  requesting
      that provisions of TADA Act be included and that A3 Habib  Ahmed  Khan
      and A4 M. Jamal Alvi be arrested.  This fax message, Ext. P-247 was as
      under:-

                                “FAX MESSAGE

           TO    SP CBI LUCKNOW


           FROM : SP CBI STF NEW DELHI
           CAMP: BOMBAY


           REF NO. 35/94/CBI/STF, BOMBAY


                       One   Dr.   Mohd.   Jalees   Ansari   arrested    in
           1(S)/93/STF/Bombay(Bombay Bomb Blast case)  has  disclosed  that
           the planning and execution of bomb blasts  in  Rajdhani  Express
           Trains near Kanpur on 5/6.12.93  was  done  by  Jamal  Alvi  R/o
           Chawal Wali Gali, Nakhas Chow, Lucknow and Dr. Habib R/o Kaharon
           Ka Adda, Rae Bareli. It  is  requested  that  these  persons  be
           arrested  in  RC   43   &   44(S)/93/CBI/LUCKNOW   and   further
           investigations carried out.  CIO Sh. R. P.  Kaushal  Dy.  SP  is
           reaching Lucknow  today  evening  by  flight  No.  IC-835.   The
           disclosures of Dr. Jalees Ansari reveal offences under  Sections
           3, 4 & 5 of TADA (P) Act.  Hence these Sections of TADA (P)  Act
           be included in the case diary.


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                                  H.C. Singh
                                                             dated 14.1.1994
                                                      SP, CBI, STF NEW DELHI
                                                             CAMP AT BOMBAY”


      8.    While PW 148 R.P.Kaushal was at SPE  Headquarters  at  Delhi  on
      14.01.1994, he received information from PW 62 H.C. Singh who was then
      camping at Mumbai that  he  should  go  to  Lucknow  immediately.   On
      reaching Lucknow on 15.01.1994 PW 148 R.P. Kaushal came to  know  that
      A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan  and  A4  Jamal  Alvi  had  been  arrested  on
      14.01.1994 by Lucknow Branch of CBI.  He also received  the  aforesaid
      fax message Ext. 247 regarding addition of Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA
      Act in both the cases.  On 15.01.1994,  he  submitted  an  application
      Ext. P-518 under his signature seeking police remand of  the  arrested
      accused.  In this application,  he  had  included  the  provisions  of
      Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA Act. Another application namely Ext. P-521
      was submitted seeking remand for 14 days. This  application  had  also
      included aforesaid provisions of TADA Act.


      9.    The Investigating Team conducting  investigation  in  connection
      with the crime registered at Jaipur was appraised of  the  disclosures
      coming from the interrogation of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari that one of  the
      suspects namely  A2  Ashfaque  Khan  lived   in  Dausa  in  Rajasthan.
      Immediately, search of the residence of A2 Ashfaque Khan was  effected
      in which certain documents were seized indicating  his  complicity  in
      the crime. A2 Ashfaque Khan  was  called  for  interrogation.   PW  34
      Shankar Surolia, SP, CBI, SPE  of  Jaipur  after  having  perused  the
      seized documents and  being  satisfied   about  the  applicability  of
      provisions of TADA Act, issued following order Ext. P-160 on 15.1.1994
       directing addition of Sections 3 and 4 of TADA Act in the matter.
                                   “Order


           RC No. 37(S)/93 of SPE/CBI/Jaipur dated 15.01.1994


           I have gone through the Case Diaries, documents and statement of
           accused Aspak Khan  which  clearly  indicate  that  the  accused
           persons Dr. Jalees Ansari, Shameem Ansari R/o Bombay Aspak  Khan
           R/o Dausa and others conspired with each other during  the  year
           1992-93 to commit the terrorist and destructive  activities,  to
           the harmony amongst different Sections of  people  of  India  by
           using explosives substances.  In persons planted  bomb  to  kill
           the passengers and damage the Rajdhani Express Train  Ex  Bombay
           to New Delhi, in Coach No. C-7, which exploded at about 5.15  AM
           on 6.12.93 between  Indragarh  and  Amli  Stations.   The  blast
           caused injuries to the various passengers  and  damages  to  the
           public property.   Thus,  the  accused  persons  have  committed
           offences punishable u/s 3 & 4 of TADA (P) 1987  in  addition  to
           Sections mentioned in the FIR.  I therefore, direct  Sh.  R.  D.
           Kalia, Inspector, CBI, Jaipur to proceed with the  investigation
           accordingly.


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                            Supdt. of Police
                                                           SPE, CBI, Jaipur”




                 The provisions of TADA Act thus stood invoked  in  all  the
           crimes.


      10.   When A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was arrested in connection with Bombay
      Blast Case, 7 firearms, 2 grenades, 20  detonators,  live  cartridges,
      plastic bag containing explosives and timer device were  found  during
      search and seizure.  At the  time  of  arrest  of  A2  Ashfaque  Khan,
      visiting card of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari as well as diary containing name
      of ‘Abdullah’ with a phone number was found.  Similarly, at  the  time
      of  arrest  of  A4  Jamal  Alvi,  certain  arms  and  explosives  were
      recovered.


      11.   On 20.01.1994 application Ext.D-198 was moved on  behalf  of  A5
      Afaque Khan that said Accused was in  illegal  detention  of  CBI,  to
      which a reply was filed in the Court at Lucknow that the  Accused  was
      interrogated on 17.1.1994 and was called for further interrogation  on
      21.01.1994. It may be noted that a telegram was sent on 18.01.1994  to
      the  Hon’ble  President  of  India  that  said  accused  was  in   the
      confinement of CBI.  However according to the Record, A5 Afaq Khan was
      arrested at 10 p.m. on 20.01.1994 by Delhi Police in  connection  with
      Case no. 46/94 of P.S. Malviya Nagar, New Delhi under  Sections  3,  4
      and 5 of TADA Act.


      12.   On 28th and 29th January, 1994, a confessional statement Ext.  P
      248 of A2 Ashfaque Khan came to be recorded under Section 15  of  TADA
      Act by PW 62 H.C. Singh. The confessing accused was produced before PW
      62 H.C. Singh on 28.01.1994, on which date PW 62 H.C. Singh  gave  him
      24 hours time to think over the matter. The  confession  was  recorded
      the next day.     In  his  confessional  statement  A2  Ashfaque  Khan
      disclosed how he came in contact with A1 Dr. Jaless Ansari and how  he
      procured explosive material for him.


      13.   On 02.02.1994 a confessional statement of A5 Afaque  Khan,  Ext.
      241-A under Section 15 of TADA Act  was  recorded  by  PW  61  Prabhat
      Singh, DCP, South Delhi. The first part of the statement was  recorded
      by one Nepal Singh in his handwriting. It was stated in the confession
      that A5 Afaque Khan was present in a meeting held in the last week  of
      September 1993 which meeting was attended by A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari,  A3
      Dr. Habib and A4 Dr. Jamal Alvi and others in which it was planned and
      decided to cause explosion  of  bombs  in  long  distance  prestigious
      trains. It was further stated by him that he had fixed the circuit and
      timing in bombs.  On the same day, A6 Irfan Khan was  produced  before
      PW 61 Prabhat Singh and his  confessional  statement  Ext.  P-243  was
      recorded.


      14.    On  06.02.1994  as  A1  Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  desired  to   give
      confessional statement; he was produced in CBI  office  before  PW  62
      H.C. Singh, who gave him warning that such  statement  could  be  used
      against him and gave him 24 hours time to reflect over the matter.  A1
      Dr. Jalees Ansari was again produced the next day i.e. on  07.02.1994,
      when PW 62 H.C. Singh recorded his confession  Ext.  P  250.   It  was
      stated in the confession  that  after  completing  his  MBBS,  he  had
      initially joined service as Doctor in  Public  Health  Department  and
      later did private practice, that he had planted a bomb in Malegaon for
      which he was arrested and later released on bail, that during the year
      1992-1993 he continued to plant bombs at various places in Mumbai  and
      in trains which claimed some lives, that he met A2 Ashfaque  Khan  who
      supplied him detonators and gelatin sticks.  He,  therefore,  narrated
      how he and other accused had planned and executed the explosions  that
      occurred on 5th and 6th December 1993.

      15.   On 12.02.1994 A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan was produced before PW  62
      HC Singh  in  his  office  at  New  Delhi  as  he  wanted  to  make  a
      confessional statement. The accused was given 24 hours time  to  think
      over the matter. A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan was again produced  the  next
      day and his confession Ext. P-251 under Section 15  of  TADA  Act  was
      recorded.


      16.   On 16.02.1994 PW 103 K.M. Reddy, Deputy Commissioner  of  Police
      Hyderabad recorded  confessional  statements  of  A11  Md.  Shamsuddin
      (Ext.P. 427-428) of A12 Md. Azeemuddin (Ext. P. 429-430)  and  of  A13
      Md. Yusuf (Ext. P 431-432). These three confessions were  recorded  in
      Crime No.336 of 1993, Abid Road Police Station, Hyderabad.   In  these
      confessions, the confessing accused stated how  they  were  associated
      with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and how they had assisted in  planting  bomb
      at Secundrabad Railway Station in September 1993 and in  A.P.  Express
      on the morning of 06.12.1993.


      17.   On 17.02.1994 A4 M. Jamal Alvi was  produced  before  PW  62  HC
      Singh as the accused wanted to make a confessional statement.   PW  62
      HC Singh gave him 24 hours time to think over. He was  again  produced
      on 18.02.1994 and PW 62 HC Singh proceeded to record his  confessional
      statement (Ext.P 253).


      18.   On 28.02.1994 A1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  was  produced  before  the
      Designated Court, Bombay with application under Section 169  Cr.  P.C.
      preferred by CBI seeking his discharge from Bombay Bomb  Blasts  Case.
      It was stated that after investigation the accused was not found to be
      connected with Bombay Bomb Blasts case.  Accordingly,  the  Designated
      Court discharged A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari from Bombay Bomb Blasts case. On
      the same day an application namely MA 72 of 1994 was preferred  by  PW
      150 PD Meena seeking custody of A1 Jalees Ansari which  was  given  to
      him by the Designated Court. The material recovered at the time of his
      arrest and during search and seizure was also made  over.  Thereafter,
      on 01.03.1994 A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was produced in TADA Court,  Ajmer,
      Rajashthan but since  the  presiding  officer  was  on  leave  he  was
      produced before Additional Sessions Judge, Ajmer  who  gave  two  days
      remand. On 04.03.1994 A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was  produced  before  TADA
      Court which remanded him to judicial custody.


      19.   On 08.03.1994 A8 Mohd. Saleem Ansari was produced  before  PW  9
      K.V. Reddy, Deputy Commissioner of Police, North  Zone,  Hyderabad  in
      connection with Crime No.151 of 1993 registered  under  TADA  Act  and
      other  offences,  as  the  accused  desired  to  give  a  confessional
      statement. In the confession  (Ext.P-444)  recorded  by  PW  109  K.V.
      Reddy, the confessing accused accepted his  role  in  Bomb  Blasts  of
      Humayun Nagar Police Station and Abid Road Police Station and that  he
      was also associated  in  planting  the  Bomb  on  06.12.1993  in  A.P.
      Express.


      20.   On the same day a confessional statement (Ext.P  445)  of  A  10
      Mohd. Nissarudin was also recorded by PW 109 K.V. Reddy in  connection
      with Crime No.336 of 1993, Abid Road Police  Station,  Hyderabad.  The
      confessing accused in said confessional statement accepted his role in
      planting of Bomb in the compartment of A.P. Express on 06.12.1993  and
      that he was also having two other Bombs which were meant  for  use  in
      K.K. Express on the same day but because of his ill  health  he  could
      not use them.


      21.   On 26.04.1994 an order was passed clubbing  all  five  cases  as
      they were found to be outcome of a single conspiracy. The order  dated
      26.04.1994 (Ext.P 259) was to the following effect:-
                                   “ORDER


                 Investigations in the under mentioned cases relating  bomb
           blasts  in  prestigious  trains  on  5/6.  12.93,   which   were
           registered in concerned Branches of the CBI  have revealed  that
           these bomb blasts were outcome of a single conspiracy.  Hence  ,
           for better appreciation of facts and  through  investigation  of
           the cases, the investigation in these cases STF, New Delhi  will
           be the C.I.O of these cases. The present  arrangement  of  CIO’S
           from STF and Assisting IO’s  from  the  concerned  branches  for
           these cases will, however, continue.


        i)  RC 32(S)/93/CBI/Hyderabad.
       ii) RC 43(S)/93/CBI/Ahmedabad
      iii) RC 37 (S)/93/CBI/Jaipur
       iv) RC 43 (S)/93/CBI/Lucknow
        v) RC 44(S)/93/CBI/Lucknow


           En  dt.  No.  8/94/STF/BB/1396  Dt.  26.4.1994             (Arun
           Bhagat)
                                                Addl. Director CBI(S)”




      22.   On 01.07.1994 a confessional statement  (Ext.P  434-435)  of  A9
      Mohd. Zaheeruddin was recorded by PW 105 Rajeev Trivedi in  connection
      with Crime No.636  of  1996,  Abid  Road,  P.S.,  Hyderabad.  In  this
      confessional statement the accused stated about his  association  with
      A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and about his acts of planting  bomb  at  Humayun
      Nagar, Abid Road, P.S. and Secundrabad Railway Reservation Complex and
      also about his role in planting a bomb in the  unreserved  compartment
      of A.P. Express on 06.12.1993.


      23.    On 26.07.1994 A7 Fazlur Rehman was produced before PW  62  H.C.
      Singh in the office of Superintendent of Police, CBI,  Jaipur  as  the
      accused wanted to make a confessional statement.   PW  62  H.C.  Singh
      gave him 24 hours time to think over the matter. The accused was again
      produced on 27.07.1994 on which date his confessional statement  Ext.P
      255 was recorded. In his confessional  statement  the  accused  stated
      about his association with A1 Jalees Ansari.


      24.   On 28.08.1994, PW 107 K. Vijaya Rama Rao, Inspector  General  of
      Police and Director CBI accorded sanction (Ext.P 437) under Section 20
      A (2) of TADA Act to prosecute accused  Nos.  1  to  13  for  offences
      punishable under TADA Act and other enactments.  A Charge-sheet  Ext.P
      266 dated 25.08.1994 was thereafter filed in the court  of  Designated
      Court, Ajmer, Rajasthan against accused Nos.1 to 13. The  charge-sheet
      also included sanction order dated 19.09.1994  passed  by  the  Deputy
      Commissioner of Police, Mumbai under Arms Act in  respect  of  various
      arms recovered from A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  and  sanction  order  dated
      22.07.1994 passed by Distt. Magistrate, Lucknow in respect of Arms and
      Explosives recovered from A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


      25.   After filing of the aforesaid  charge-sheet  A14  Md.  Amin  was
      apprehended. He having desired to  give  confessional  statement,  was
      produced before PW 62 H.C. Singh on 17.11.1994.  PW 62 H.C. Singh gave
      him time of 24 hrs. to think over the matter. The  accused  was  again
      produced on 18.11.1994 on which date the confessional statement of the
      accused Ext.P 257 came to be recorded. In his  confessional  statement
      the accused disclosed his association with A1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  and
      how the said accused was taught by him to make bomb devices.


      26.   A supplementary charge-sheet (Ext P-267)  dated  18.04.1995  was
      thereafter filed against A14 Mohd. Amin in the Designated Court.  This
      was preceded by order of sanction (Ext. P-438) under Section 20 A  (2)
      of TADA Act by PW 107 V. Rana Rao.


      27.    On  21.05.1996,   Metropolitan   Sessions   Judge,   Hyderabad,
      Designated Court under TADA Act ordered discharge of accused under the
      provisions of TADA Act in four cases namely Sessions Case  Nos.438  of
      1994, 584 of 1994, 13 of 1995 and 14 of 1995.  Sessions Case No.438 of
      1994 arose from FIR No.336 of 1993 of  Police  Station  Abid  Road  in
      which confessions of present accused Nos.9, 10, 11,  12  and  13  were
      recorded.  Apart from present accused Nos.9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, A1 Dr.
      Jalees Ansari, A8 Saleem Ansari and others were also accused in  those
      Sessions Cases.  It was observed by the Designated Court that none  of
      the FIRs  in  those  four  cases  was  registered  under  any  of  the
      provisions of TADA Act.  It found that there was no prior approval  in
      writing to invoke the provisions of TADA Act and as  such  the  entire
      case had to be transferred  under  Section  18  of  TADA  Act  to  the
      competent Court for disposal.  It  further  found  that  sanctions  to
      prosecute under Section 20 A (2) of TADA Act were also invalid.


      28.   This decision of  the  Designated  Court  dated  21.05.1996  was
      challenged by State of Andhra Pradesh by  preferring  Criminal  Appeal
      Nos.  2010-2013  of  1996  in  this  Court.   By   its   order   dated
      17.04.2001[2], this Court was prima facie  of  the  opinion  that  the
      exercise of power under Section 20 A (2)  of  TADA  Act  by  the  then
      Commissioner of Police was in a very casual manner and  as  such  this
      Court  deemed  it  appropriate  to  issue  notice  to  the   concerned
      Commissioner to show cause why adverse remarks against him be not made
      in the judgment by which the appeal was to be disposed of.  The record
      indicates that thereafter on 17.07.2001, at the request  of  State  of
      Andhra Pradesh, the aforesaid appeals were allowed to be withdrawn and
      consequently notice issued to the then Commissioner  of  Police  stood
      discharged.  With the withdrawal of appeals, the order passed  by  the
      Designated Court holding the invocation of TADA Act under Section 20 A
      (1) in respect of four crimes including one under FIR No.336 of 93  to
      be invalid, attained finality.


      29.   A15 Aizaz Akbar who was apprehended sometime in 1997, desired to
      make confessional statement.  He was therefore produced on  01.06.1997
      before PW1 O.P. Chhatwal who gave him 24 hours time to think over  the
      matter.  The accused was thereafter produced on 02.06.1997 before  PW1
      O.P.Chhatwal  who  recorded  his  confession  (Ext.  P-1).    In   his
      confession, the accused stated  that  he  used  to  work  as  Computer
      Operator with M/s Tawakkal Travels, Mumbai,  that  he  was  associated
      with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and that he had gone to Hyderabad  alongwith
      A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and had planted bomb  at  Humayun  Nagar,  Police
      Station and at Habib Road, Police Station in August, 1993.  He further
      stated how he had planted bomb in Bangalore-Kurla Express.


      30.   On 26.07.1997 second supplementary charge sheet  (Ext.D-53)  was
      filed against A15 Aizaz Akbar and six other absconding  accused.  This
      was preceded by order of sanction  Ext.P-471  dated  25.07.1997  under
      Section 20A (2) of TADA Act accorded by PW 130 R.C. Sharma,  Inspector
      General of Police and Director CBI, New Delhi.


      31.   Thereafter A16 Abre Rehmat Ansari was arrested. Since he desired
      to make a confessional statement, he was produced  before  PW  1  O.P.
      Chhatwal on 01.01.1998 on which date he was given  24  hours  time  to
      think over the matter. The accused was again  produced  on  02.01.1998
      when his confessional statement Ext. P-4 was recorded under Section 15
      of TADA Act. In his confession, A16 stated his full name  to  be  Abre
      Rehmat Ansari and that he was also known by name ‘Kari’. It was stated
      that he had received training in Pakistan where they  were  instigated
      to indulge in subversive activities,  that  he  participated  in  four
      firing incidents at CRPF/BSF bunkers, that  in  Aug-Sep  1993  he  was
      introduced to A4 M. Jamal Alvi, that he  had  supplied  him  arms  and
      explosives in Oct-Nov 1993 and  that  he  had  also  supplied  5kg  of
      explosives, 4 detonators and 4 timers to A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


      32.    A  third  supplementary  chargesheet  Ext.P-513  was  filed  on
      23.03.1998 against A16 Abrey Rehmat  Ansari.  Sanction  under  Section
      20A(2) dated 27.02.1998 (Ext.P 469) for such prosecution was  accorded
      by PW 128 D.R. Karthikeyan, Inspector General of Police  and  Director
      CBI, New Delhi.


      33.   On 13.10.1999 the Designated Court passed Order framing  charges
      against Accused Nos.1 to 16.  Accordingly they were charged for having
      committed offences punishable under TADA  Act  and  other  enactments.
      For facility, paragraphs 86 to 92 of the judgment  of  the  Designated
      Court which set out charges against the Accused, are quoted as under:

            “86. After hearing both the parties, accused  (A-1)  Dr.  Mohd.
           Jalees Ansari, (A-11) Mohd.Shamsuddin  @  Painter  Baba,  (A-14)
           Mohd. Amin were charged u/s 120-B IPC, Sections 3(3), 5 &  6  of
           TADA Act, Sections 4(a) & 4(b) of Explosive Substances  Act  and
           Section 9(B) of Explosive Act.  These  accused  have  also  been
           charged u/s 3(2), 5 and 6 of TADA Act, Section 3, 4(a) and  4(b)
           of  Explosive Substances Act. Section  9(B)  of  Explosive  Act,
           Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to  Public  Property  Act,
           Sections 150 & 151 of Indian Railways Act and Sections 302, 307,
           326, 324 & 436 IPC with each offence.


           87.   Accused (A-2) Ashfaque Khan, (3) Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan, (A-
           5) Mohd. Afaq Khan,  (A-9) Mohd. Zahiruddin Ahmed @  Ahmed,  (A-
           10) Mohd.Nissaruddin @ Mujju, (A-16) Abre Rehmat Ansari @  Kari,
           were charged u/s 120-B IPC,  Section  3(3)  &  6  of  TADA  Act,
           Sections 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances Act, Section 9(B)
           of Explosive Act.  These accused  have  also  been  charged  u/s
           3(2), 5 & 6 of TADA Act, Section 3, 4(a) and 4(b)  of  Explosive
           Substances Act, Section 9(B) of Explosives Act.   Section  4  of
           Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act,   Sections  150  &
           151 of Indian Railways Act,  Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 and 436
           r/w Section 120-B IPC with each offence.


           88.   Accused (A-4) Mohd. Jamal Alvi was charged u/s 120-B  IPC,
           Sections 3(3), and 6 of TADA Act,  Sections  4(a)  and  4(b)  of
           Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section  9(b)  of  Explosives  Act,
           Section 25(1-B) Arms Act.  This accused  was  also  charged  u/s
           3(2), 5 and 6  of  TADA  Act,  Sections  3,  4(a)  and  4(b)  of
           Explosive Substances Act, Section 9(B) Explosives Act, Section 4
           of Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act, Sections 150  &
           151 of Indian Railways Act, Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 and  436
           IPC r/w Section 120-B of IPC with each offence.


           89.   Accused (A-6) Irfan Ahmed, (A-15) Mohd. Aizaz  Akbar  were
           charged u/s 120-B, 307 IPC,  Section 3(2), 3(3), 6 of  TADA Act,
           Section  4(a),  4(b)  Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section  9(B)
           Explosives Act,  Section 150 of  Indian  Railways  Act.    These
           accused have also been charged u/s 3(2), 5  &  6  of  TADA  Act,
           Sections 3, 4(a) & 4(b) of  Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section
           9(b) of Explosives Act, Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to
           Public Property Act, Section 150 & 151 of Indian  Railways  Act,
           Section 302, 307, 326, 324 and 436 IPC  r/w  Section  120-B  IPC
           with each offence.


           90.   Accused (A-7) Fazlur Rehman Sufi @ Shamin was charged  u/s
           120-B, 307, 324, 326 and 436 IPC, Sections 3(2), 3(3), 5 & 6  of
           TADA Act, Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances Act,
           Section 9(B)  of Explosives Act,  Section  4  of  Prevention  of
           Damages to Public Property Act. Sections 150  &  151  of  Indian
           Railways Act.  He had also charged u/s 3(2), 5 & 6 of TADA  Act,
           Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances  Act,  Section
           9(B) of Explosives Act, Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to
           Public Property Act, Sections 150 & 151 of Indian Railways  Act,
           Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC r/w Section 120-B  of  IPC
           with each offence.


           91.   Accused (A-8) Mohd. Saleem Ansari was charged  u/s  120-B,
           Section 3(3) of TADA Act.  He was also charged u/s 3(2), 5  &  6
           of TADA Act, Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of  Explosive  Substances
           Act,  Section 9(B) of Explosives Act,  Section 4  of  Prevention
           of Damages to Public Property Act. Sections 150 & 151 of  Indian
           Railways Act.  Sections 302, 307,  324,  326  and  436  IPC  r/w
           Section 120-B of IPC with each offence.


           92.   Accused(A-12) Mohd. Azeemuddin @ Azeem  and  (A-13)  Mohd.
           Yusuf were charged u/s 120-B, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC,  Sections
           3(2), 3(3) and 6 of TADA Act. Section 3,  4(a),  4(b)  Explosive
           Substances Act, Section 9(B) Explosive Act, Section 4 Prevention
           of Damages to Public Property Act.  Sections 150 & 151 of Indian
           Railways Act.  These accused were also charged u/s 3(2), 5 and 6
           of TADA Act,  Sections 3, 4(a), 4(b) Explosive  Substances  Act.
           Section 9(B) Explosives Act,  Section 4 Prevention of Damages to
           Public Property Act,  Section 150 &  151  Indian  Railways  Act,
           Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC   r/w  Section  120-B  IPC
           with each offence.”

      34.   In support of its case, the Prosecution examined 150  witnesses,
      exhibited documents Ext.P-1  to  Ext.P-535,  produced  and  marked  23
      articles and relied upon confessions of Accused A1 to A16.  A6  having
      absconded, Accused A1 to A5 and A7 to A16 were examined under  Section
      313, Cr.P.C.  All the accused denied the case of the  Prosecution  and
      submitted that their confessions  were  not  voluntary.   The  accused
      produced twenty witnesses namely DW-1 Mohammed Jalees Ansari (A-1), DW-
      2 Mohammed Yusuf (A-13), DW-3  Mohd.  Azeemuddin  (A-12),  DW-4  Mohd.
      Nisaruddin Ahmed (A-10), DW-5, Mohd.  Zaheeruddin  Ahmed  (A-9),  DW-6
      Mohiuddin Jamal Aliv (A-4), DW-7  Abre  Rehamt  Ansari,  (A-16),  DW-8
      Mohammed Anis Ansari,  DW-9  Javed  Akhtar  Ansari,  DW-10  Jekahullah
      Ansari,  DW-11  Mohamed  Amin  (A-14),  DW-12   Rabani   Aliv,   DW-13
      Sarafuddin, DW-14 Mohd. Saleem Ansari (A-8), DW-15 Mohd.  Aizaz  Akbar
      (A-15), DW-15 Anwar Jamal Alvi, DW-17 Asharfi Fazlur Rehmman (A-7), DW-
      18 Mohammed Afaq (A-5), DW-19 Mohd.  Shamsuddin  (A-11),  DW-20  Yusuf
      Khan.  The accused exhibited 204 documents in defence.


      35.   After considering the entire  material  on  record  and  hearing
      rival submissions, the Designated Court considered the matter  in  the
      light of following points:
           “(i)  Whether prior approval to apply the provisions of TADA Act
           as required under Section 20-A (1) of the TADA Act and  sanction
           to take cognizance of the offence as required under Section  20-
           A(2) of the TADA Act is valid?


           (ii)  Whether accused A-1 Dr. Mohd. Jalees Ansari, A-2  Ashfaque
           Khan, A-3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan, A-4 M.  Jamal  Alvi,  A-5  Mohd.
           Afaq Khan, A-6 Irfan Ahmed, A-7 Fazlur Rehman Sufi @  Asharfi  E
           Shamin, A-8 Mohd. Saleem Ansari, A-9 Mohd. Zaheeruddin  Ahmed  @
           Ahmed, A-10 Mohd. Nissaruddin @ Mujju, A-11 Mohd.  Shamsuddin  @
           Painter Baba, A-12 Mohd. Azeemuddin @ Azeem, A-13 Mohd. Yusuf, A-
           14 Mohd. Amin, A-15 Mohd. Aizaz Akbar, A-16 Abare Rehmat  Ansari
           @ Kari along with the  absconding  accused  Sayed  Abdul  Karim,
           Mohd. Tuffail, Mohd. Hamir -Ul Uddin  @  Hamid,   Mohd.  Saleem,
           Nisar Ahmed Ansari @ Tahir Ahmed, during  the  year  1993-94  on
           various  dates  entered  into  criminal  conspiracy  at  Bombay,
           Lucknow, Kanpur, Dausa, Baroda, Surat, Kota Hyderabad,  Gulbarga
           and other places to terrorize the Government of India, to strike
           terror in the people, to adversely affect  the  harmony  amongst
           Hindus and Muslims by keeping bombs,  explosives  substances  on
           5.12.1993 and  6.12.1993  in  important  trains  of  India  viz.
           Rajdhani Express trains from Mumbai to New Delhi, New  Delhi  to
           Howrah, Howrah to New Delhi,  Flying Queen Express from Surat to
           Bombay, Andhra Pradesh Express  from  Hyderabad  to  New  Delhi,
           train from Bangalore to Kurla, to commit terrorist acts to cause
           train bomb blasts and thereby to cause death, grievous  injuries
           to person travelling in the  said   trains,   to  cause  damage,
           destruction to  railway,  public  property  and  also  to  send,
           procure,  manufacture explosives substances and also  to  attack
           ‘Samna Press’ of Shiv Sena on 15.1.1994 and to commit  terrorist
           act at Delhi on 26.1.1994?


           (iii) Whether accused A-1 to A-16 along with absconding  accused
           during the year 1993-94, at above mentioned places in  pursuance
           of the criminal conspiracy intentionally made  available  bombs,
           explosive substances to co-accused which were  to  be  used  for
           terrorist acts for causing bomb blasts in  the  above  mentioned
           trains?


           (iv) Whether in pursuance of the criminal conspiracy accused A-1
           to A-16 procured explosive substances and  explosives  and  kept
           the explosive substances unauthorisedly in their possession in a
           notified area for which they had  no  licence  and  manufactured
           bombs  for  unlawful  objects  and  were  kept  unlawfully   and
           maliciously to endanger life and property and for  causing  bomb
           blasts in the above mentioned trains for which the  accused  A-1
           to A-16 are liable as members of the said criminal conspiracy?

                                                                  REPORTABLE

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

 


                       CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

 


                       CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.546 of 2004

 


      Mohd. Jalees Ansari  and others                         ... Appellants

                                   Versus

      Central  Bureau   of   Investigation                ….      Respondent


                               J U D G M E N T


      Uday U. Lalit, J.


       1.     This appeal under Section 19 of the Terrorist  and  Disruptive
      Activities (Prevention) Act, 1987 (hereinafter  referred  to  as  TADA
      Act) challenges the judgment and final order dated  28.02.2004  passed
      by the Designated Court Ajmer, Rajasthan in TADA Special Case No.6  of
      1994.  Originally  sixteen  accused  persons  were  tried  for  having
      committed offences under TADA Act and other enactments.  Accused  No.6
      Irfan Ahmad escaped from custody while the  trial  was  going  on  and
      therefore his case was separated. He was later arrested in June,  2015
      and is now being proceeded against  separately.  Accused  No.12  Mohd.
      Azeemuddin though convicted and sentenced by the Designated Court  was
      found to be juvenile on the date of occurrence in this appeal  and  as
      such his case stands separated. All the other accused namely A-1 to A-
      5, A-7 to A-11 and A-13 to A-16 are presently in appeal.

      2.    There were bomb  blasts  in  various  trains  during  the  night
      intervening 5th and 6th of December, 1993.
            (i)  An explosion occurred around 10:50 p.m.  on  05.12.1993  in
      Rajdhani Express running from New Delhi to Howrah. In  that  explosion
      near  Kanpur  Railway  Station,  two  persons   were   injured.    FIR
      No.595/1993  (Ext.  P-307)  of  P.S.  GRP   Kanpur   was   accordingly
      registered.
            (ii)  At about 5 a.m. in the morning of 06.12.1993 an  explosion
      took place in Rajdhani Express running from Howrah  to  New  Delhi  in
      Kanpur Division. However no major injury was suffered by anyone.  This
      led to filing of FIR No.765 of 1993 (Ext. P 426) of P.S. GRP Allahabad
      which was later re-registered as  FIR  No.597  of  1993  of  P.S.  GRP
      Kanpur.
           (iii) An explosion occurred at about 5:15 a.m. on 06.12.1993  in
      Rajdhani Express running from Mumbai Central to New  Delhi  near  Kota
      Railway Station which caused  injuries  to  five  persons  leading  to
      registration of FIR No.174 of 1993 (Ext. P60) of P.S. GRP Kota.
            (iv) At about 6 a.m. on 06.12.1993 an explosion  took  place  in
      Flying Queen running from Surat Railway  Station  to  Mumbai  Central,
      near Bestan Railway Station causing injury to one person. This led  to
      lodging of FIR No.132 of 1993 (Ext. P 150) of P.S. GRP Valsad.
            (v) At about 7:05 a.m. on 06.12.1993 a  bomb  exploded  in  A.P.
      Express running from Hyderabad to Nizammudin. This explosion  occurred
      in general compartment while  the  train  was  at  Moula  Ali  Railway
      Station causing death of two persons. This led to registration of  FIR
      No.251/1993 (Ext.D-63) of PS GRP Malkajgiri.
            (vi) A device  meant  to  cause  explosion  was  detected  by  a
      watchful passenger in Bangalore Kurla Express while the train was near
      Karjat Railway Station. The device  was  thrown  out  of  the  Railway
      compartment and as such did not cause any damage. This incident led to
      registration of FIR No.91 of 1993 (Ext.D-162) of PS GRP Karjat.


      3.    All the aforesaid six crimes  were  registered  against  unknown
      persons. Out of  the  aforesaid  six  incidents,  the  explosion  that
      occurred at Maula Ali Station in Hyderabad had  caused  death  of  two
      persons. PW 117 P.  Chandrashekar  Reddy,  Superintendent  of  Police,
      Ranga Reddy Distt, on receiving information from Police  Control  Room
      reached the site  at  about  8:30  a.m.  on  06.12.1993  and  dictated
      proceedings Ext.P 450 later in the Police Station invoking  provisions
      of TADA Act.  Ext.P-450 was to the following effect:-

           “PROCEEDINGS OF THE SUPRINTENDENT OF POLICE: RANGA  REDDY  DIST.
           PRESENT: SRI. P. CHANDRA SEKHAR REDDY, IPS.,


           No. 251/Camp/SP-RR/93 dated 06.12.1993


           Sub:-Cr.No.251/93 of P.S. Malkajgiri


           Sri P. Radha Krishna Rao, Sub-Inspector  of  Police,  Malkajgiri
           P.S., sent the contents of the complaint  given  by  Sri.  Ahmed
           Hussain, which revealed the facts that attracts Section 3, 4 and
           5 of TADA besides others Sections of Law.  Having  satisfied,  I
           am permitting the S.I. to register the case U/s 3, 4  and  5  of
           TADA besides other Sections of Law.
                                                                        Sd/-
                                                            dated 06.12.1993
                                                   Superintendent of Police,
                                                        Ranga Reddy District
           To
           Station House Officer, Malkajgiri P.S.
           Copy to S.D. P.O Malkajgiri for inf.”


      FIR No.251 of 1993 was therefore registered  for  offences  punishable
      under Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA Act besides other provisions. Out of
      the aforesaid six FIR’s only FIR No.251 at 1993 of PS GRP  Malkhajgiri
      was registered for offences under TADA while the  provisions  of  TADA
      were not initially invoked in rest of the FIR’s.

      4.    Vide notifications dated 21.12.1993 and  28.12.1993  the  crimes
      registered by first Five FIR’s,  where  the  explosions  had  in  fact
      occurred were transferred to Central Bureau of  Investigation  (“CBI”,
      for short) for investigation. The  CBI  thereafter  re-registered  the
      crimes as R.C. No.43(S) /93 of CBI Lucknow, R.C. No.44 (S)/93  of  CBI
      Lukcnow, R.C. No.37 (S)/93 of CBI Jaipur, RC 43(S)/93 of CBI Ahmedabad
      and RC No.32 (S)/ 93 of CBI Hyderabad against those  registered  under
      Serial No.(i) to (v) respectively of the preceding paragraph.  PW  148
      R.P. Kaushal was the Investigating  Officer  as  regards  both  crimes
      registered  at  Lucknow.   He  was  also  the  Investigating   Officer
      regarding the crime registered at Jaipur but was later replaced by  PW
      150 P.D. Meena.  PW 145 K S Nair  was  the  Investigating  Officer  as
      regards the crime registered at Hyderabad.  He was initially in charge
      of investigation regarding the crime registered at Ahmedabad as  well,
      but was later replaced by PW 140 V.K. Bindal.

      5.    PW 145 K.S. Nair reached Ahmedabad  on  28.12.1993  and  sent  a
      requisition on 29.12.1993 to the Director, FSL, Ahmedabad and received
      Report Ext. P-506 dated 30.12.1993. From reading of the documents  and
      other case papers he found  that  the  provisions  of  TADA  Act  were
      attracted to the case and therefore prepared Report  dated  08.01.1994
      seeking approval for adding provisions of TADA Act.   He  was  however
      required to go to Hyderabad on 11.01.1994.   While  in  Hyderabad,  he
      came to know about arrest of A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  on  12.01.1994  in
      connection with Bombay Blast Case.  He, therefore, went to  Mumbai  on
      13.01.1994 and reached STF Office at 7:00 pm.  From his interrogation,
      involvement of said A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari in the  serial  train  blasts
      and that of A3 Habib Ahmed Khan and A4 M. Jamal Alvi was discovered.

      6.    On 13.01.1994 PW 62 H.C. Singh, SP, STF, CBI also came  down  to
      Mumbai from New Delhi and PW 145 K.S. Nair had discussion with him  in
      the matter including the result of the interrogation of A1 Dr.  Jalees
      Ansari.  PW 145 K.S. Nair, who was  carrying  with  him  copy  of  the
      Report prepared by him on 08.01.1994,  submitted  it  to  PW  62  H.C.
      Singh, whereupon PW 62 H.C. Singh gave his  approval  for  adding  the
      provisions of TADA Act.  This Report Ext. P-246 was to  the  following
      effect.
                 “Sub:   Investigation of RC 43(S)/93-CBI/Ahmedabad
           Case RC 43(S)/93-CBI/Ahmedabad has been registered  on  23.12.93
           on transfer from the local police authorities u/s 307, 120-B IPC
           and Sec. 3,4,5 of Explosive Substances Act of 84, and Sec.  3(2)
           of the Prevention of Damage of Public Properties Act.


                 Facts in brief are that one bomb exploded  in  the  flying
           queen train which left Surat Station at 5:30 AM of  6-12-93  for
           Bombay, in IInd class compartment  No.7392(D-I)  the  train  was
           bound for Bombay.  The explosion took place exactly at  6.00  AM
           when the illfated train  reached  Bheistan  Rly.  Station.   One
           person namely SH. Amish Piyushkar Shah aged about 23  years  R/o
           Vanktash Appartment 7/A Ami Falia Surat, the  attendant  of  the
           complainant Shy. Ramniklal Malukchand Shah Head Clerk,  (Retd.),
           Rajkot Railway, had suffered head injuries on  account  of  bomb
           explosion.   The  victim  was  seated  in  seat  No.136  of  D-1
           compartment whereas the explosive  device  was  reportedly  kept
           under the seat “Sadiq” for his journey  from  Surat  to  Bombay.
           Investigation revealed that the said suspect though reserved the
           seat but did not travel  in  this  train.   In  all  there  were
           reservations for 11 passengers including  the  suspect  and  the
           victim in the said D-1 bogie.


                 The exhibits have been seized from the scene of occurrence
           by the  local  police  authorities  and  sent  to  the  Forensic
           Laboratory/Ahmedabad for expert opinion.   The  seized  articles
           included iron nails, clock pieces and the pieces of Alfa luggage
           etc.  These  articles  were  examined  by  Sh.SM  Darji,  Asstt.
           Director, FSL/Ahmedabad and  opined  that  Amonium  and  nitrate
           redicles, (redicles of ammonium nitrate) and the  hydro  carbons
           of petrolium oil mixture of high explosive were detected in  the
           exhibits.    Sh.B.P.,   Upadhayay,Asstt.   Director/FSL    after
           examining the articles  seized  from  the  scene  of  occurrence
           concluded  that  the  bomb  was  kept  in  “Alfa  luggage”  with
           electronic clock machine needle etc. were used to ensure  ‘delay
           mechanism’.  Investigation also confirmed that the bomb exploded
           after  half-an-hour  run  from  Surat   Station.    Director/FSL
           informed that similar explosive  devices  had  been  planted  in
           other running trains where similar  bomb  explosions  had  taken
           place on 06.12.1993.  The expert opinion clearly indicates  that
           the suspect/suspects had  planted  the  explosive  device  which
           comes within the ambit of TADA and  the  facts  reveals  so  far
           constitute offence punishable U/Ss 3, 4 & 5 of the TADA (P)  Act
           also.


                 The sequential nature of the explosions which had occurred
           in 5 running trains simultaneously clearly indicates that  there
           existed a deep rooted conspiracy to strike terror in the  people
           to cause loss to lives and damage to public  properties  it  is,
           necessary that Section 3, 4 & 5 of the TADA (P) Act for  further
           investigation in this case.  Copy  of  the  expert  opinions  of
           FSL/Ahmedabad is attached for perusal.


                 Submitted please.


           (K.S. Nair)
           DY.SUPDT.OF POLICE
           CBI STF NEW DELHI


                 The facts revealed make out a case u/s 3 & 4 of  TADA  (P)
           Act.  Inclusion of these Sections of law is approved. [1]


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                                   H.C.Singh
                                                            dated 13.01.1994
                                                            Supdt. of Police
                                                                      C.B.I.
                                                                  New Delhi”

 

      7.     Since the applicability of the provisions of TADA Act was  also
      found to have been made out as regards other crimes, a fax message was
      sent by PW 62 H.C. Singh to SP CBI Lucknow  on  14.01.1994  requesting
      that provisions of TADA Act be included and that A3 Habib  Ahmed  Khan
      and A4 M. Jamal Alvi be arrested.  This fax message, Ext. P-247 was as
      under:-

                                “FAX MESSAGE

           TO    SP CBI LUCKNOW


           FROM : SP CBI STF NEW DELHI
           CAMP: BOMBAY


           REF NO. 35/94/CBI/STF, BOMBAY


                       One   Dr.   Mohd.   Jalees   Ansari   arrested    in
           1(S)/93/STF/Bombay(Bombay Bomb Blast case)  has  disclosed  that
           the planning and execution of bomb blasts  in  Rajdhani  Express
           Trains near Kanpur on 5/6.12.93  was  done  by  Jamal  Alvi  R/o
           Chawal Wali Gali, Nakhas Chow, Lucknow and Dr. Habib R/o Kaharon
           Ka Adda, Rae Bareli. It  is  requested  that  these  persons  be
           arrested  in  RC   43   &   44(S)/93/CBI/LUCKNOW   and   further
           investigations carried out.  CIO Sh. R. P.  Kaushal  Dy.  SP  is
           reaching Lucknow  today  evening  by  flight  No.  IC-835.   The
           disclosures of Dr. Jalees Ansari reveal offences under  Sections
           3, 4 & 5 of TADA (P) Act.  Hence these Sections of TADA (P)  Act
           be included in the case diary.


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                                  H.C. Singh
                                                             dated 14.1.1994
                                                      SP, CBI, STF NEW DELHI
                                                             CAMP AT BOMBAY”


      8.    While PW 148 R.P.Kaushal was at SPE  Headquarters  at  Delhi  on
      14.01.1994, he received information from PW 62 H.C. Singh who was then
      camping at Mumbai that  he  should  go  to  Lucknow  immediately.   On
      reaching Lucknow on 15.01.1994 PW 148 R.P. Kaushal came to  know  that
      A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan  and  A4  Jamal  Alvi  had  been  arrested  on
      14.01.1994 by Lucknow Branch of CBI.  He also received  the  aforesaid
      fax message Ext. 247 regarding addition of Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA
      Act in both the cases.  On 15.01.1994,  he  submitted  an  application
      Ext. P-518 under his signature seeking police remand of  the  arrested
      accused.  In this application,  he  had  included  the  provisions  of
      Sections 3, 4 and 5 of TADA Act. Another application namely Ext. P-521
      was submitted seeking remand for 14 days. This  application  had  also
      included aforesaid provisions of TADA Act.


      9.    The Investigating Team conducting  investigation  in  connection
      with the crime registered at Jaipur was appraised of  the  disclosures
      coming from the interrogation of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari that one of  the
      suspects namely  A2  Ashfaque  Khan  lived   in  Dausa  in  Rajasthan.
      Immediately, search of the residence of A2 Ashfaque Khan was  effected
      in which certain documents were seized indicating  his  complicity  in
      the crime. A2 Ashfaque Khan  was  called  for  interrogation.   PW  34
      Shankar Surolia, SP, CBI, SPE  of  Jaipur  after  having  perused  the
      seized documents and  being  satisfied   about  the  applicability  of
      provisions of TADA Act, issued following order Ext. P-160 on 15.1.1994
       directing addition of Sections 3 and 4 of TADA Act in the matter.
                                   “Order


           RC No. 37(S)/93 of SPE/CBI/Jaipur dated 15.01.1994


           I have gone through the Case Diaries, documents and statement of
           accused Aspak Khan  which  clearly  indicate  that  the  accused
           persons Dr. Jalees Ansari, Shameem Ansari R/o Bombay Aspak  Khan
           R/o Dausa and others conspired with each other during  the  year
           1992-93 to commit the terrorist and destructive  activities,  to
           the harmony amongst different Sections of  people  of  India  by
           using explosives substances.  In persons planted  bomb  to  kill
           the passengers and damage the Rajdhani Express Train  Ex  Bombay
           to New Delhi, in Coach No. C-7, which exploded at about 5.15  AM
           on 6.12.93 between  Indragarh  and  Amli  Stations.   The  blast
           caused injuries to the various passengers  and  damages  to  the
           public property.   Thus,  the  accused  persons  have  committed
           offences punishable u/s 3 & 4 of TADA (P) 1987  in  addition  to
           Sections mentioned in the FIR.  I therefore, direct  Sh.  R.  D.
           Kalia, Inspector, CBI, Jaipur to proceed with the  investigation
           accordingly.


                                                                        Sd/-
                                                            Supdt. of Police
                                                           SPE, CBI, Jaipur”

 


                 The provisions of TADA Act thus stood invoked  in  all  the
           crimes.


      10.   When A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was arrested in connection with Bombay
      Blast Case, 7 firearms, 2 grenades, 20  detonators,  live  cartridges,
      plastic bag containing explosives and timer device were  found  during
      search and seizure.  At the  time  of  arrest  of  A2  Ashfaque  Khan,
      visiting card of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari as well as diary containing name
      of ‘Abdullah’ with a phone number was found.  Similarly, at  the  time
      of  arrest  of  A4  Jamal  Alvi,  certain  arms  and  explosives  were
      recovered.


      11.   On 20.01.1994 application Ext.D-198 was moved on  behalf  of  A5
      Afaque Khan that said Accused was in  illegal  detention  of  CBI,  to
      which a reply was filed in the Court at Lucknow that the  Accused  was
      interrogated on 17.1.1994 and was called for further interrogation  on
      21.01.1994. It may be noted that a telegram was sent on 18.01.1994  to
      the  Hon’ble  President  of  India  that  said  accused  was  in   the
      confinement of CBI.  However according to the Record, A5 Afaq Khan was
      arrested at 10 p.m. on 20.01.1994 by Delhi Police in  connection  with
      Case no. 46/94 of P.S. Malviya Nagar, New Delhi under  Sections  3,  4
      and 5 of TADA Act.


      12.   On 28th and 29th January, 1994, a confessional statement Ext.  P
      248 of A2 Ashfaque Khan came to be recorded under Section 15  of  TADA
      Act by PW 62 H.C. Singh. The confessing accused was produced before PW
      62 H.C. Singh on 28.01.1994, on which date PW 62 H.C. Singh  gave  him
      24 hours time to think over the matter. The  confession  was  recorded
      the next day.     In  his  confessional  statement  A2  Ashfaque  Khan
      disclosed how he came in contact with A1 Dr. Jaless Ansari and how  he
      procured explosive material for him.


      13.   On 02.02.1994 a confessional statement of A5 Afaque  Khan,  Ext.
      241-A under Section 15 of TADA Act  was  recorded  by  PW  61  Prabhat
      Singh, DCP, South Delhi. The first part of the statement was  recorded
      by one Nepal Singh in his handwriting. It was stated in the confession
      that A5 Afaque Khan was present in a meeting held in the last week  of
      September 1993 which meeting was attended by A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari,  A3
      Dr. Habib and A4 Dr. Jamal Alvi and others in which it was planned and
      decided to cause explosion  of  bombs  in  long  distance  prestigious
      trains. It was further stated by him that he had fixed the circuit and
      timing in bombs.  On the same day, A6 Irfan Khan was  produced  before
      PW 61 Prabhat Singh and his  confessional  statement  Ext.  P-243  was
      recorded.


      14.    On  06.02.1994  as  A1  Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  desired  to   give
      confessional statement; he was produced in CBI  office  before  PW  62
      H.C. Singh, who gave him warning that such  statement  could  be  used
      against him and gave him 24 hours time to reflect over the matter.  A1
      Dr. Jalees Ansari was again produced the next day i.e. on  07.02.1994,
      when PW 62 H.C. Singh recorded his confession  Ext.  P  250.   It  was
      stated in the confession  that  after  completing  his  MBBS,  he  had
      initially joined service as Doctor in  Public  Health  Department  and
      later did private practice, that he had planted a bomb in Malegaon for
      which he was arrested and later released on bail, that during the year
      1992-1993 he continued to plant bombs at various places in Mumbai  and
      in trains which claimed some lives, that he met A2 Ashfaque  Khan  who
      supplied him detonators and gelatin sticks.  He,  therefore,  narrated
      how he and other accused had planned and executed the explosions  that
      occurred on 5th and 6th December 1993.

      15.   On 12.02.1994 A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan was produced before PW  62
      HC Singh  in  his  office  at  New  Delhi  as  he  wanted  to  make  a
      confessional statement. The accused was given 24 hours time  to  think
      over the matter. A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan was again produced  the  next
      day and his confession Ext. P-251 under Section 15  of  TADA  Act  was
      recorded.


      16.   On 16.02.1994 PW 103 K.M. Reddy, Deputy Commissioner  of  Police
      Hyderabad recorded  confessional  statements  of  A11  Md.  Shamsuddin
      (Ext.P. 427-428) of A12 Md. Azeemuddin (Ext. P. 429-430)  and  of  A13
      Md. Yusuf (Ext. P 431-432). These three confessions were  recorded  in
      Crime No.336 of 1993, Abid Road Police Station, Hyderabad.   In  these
      confessions, the confessing accused stated how  they  were  associated
      with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and how they had assisted in  planting  bomb
      at Secundrabad Railway Station in September 1993 and in  A.P.  Express
      on the morning of 06.12.1993.


      17.   On 17.02.1994 A4 M. Jamal Alvi was  produced  before  PW  62  HC
      Singh as the accused wanted to make a confessional statement.   PW  62
      HC Singh gave him 24 hours time to think over. He was  again  produced
      on 18.02.1994 and PW 62 HC Singh proceeded to record his  confessional
      statement (Ext.P 253).


      18.   On 28.02.1994 A1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  was  produced  before  the
      Designated Court, Bombay with application under Section 169  Cr.  P.C.
      preferred by CBI seeking his discharge from Bombay Bomb  Blasts  Case.
      It was stated that after investigation the accused was not found to be
      connected with Bombay Bomb Blasts case.  Accordingly,  the  Designated
      Court discharged A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari from Bombay Bomb Blasts case. On
      the same day an application namely MA 72 of 1994 was preferred  by  PW
      150 PD Meena seeking custody of A1 Jalees Ansari which  was  given  to
      him by the Designated Court. The material recovered at the time of his
      arrest and during search and seizure was also made  over.  Thereafter,
      on 01.03.1994 A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was produced in TADA Court,  Ajmer,
      Rajashthan but since  the  presiding  officer  was  on  leave  he  was
      produced before Additional Sessions Judge, Ajmer  who  gave  two  days
      remand. On 04.03.1994 A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was  produced  before  TADA
      Court which remanded him to judicial custody.


      19.   On 08.03.1994 A8 Mohd. Saleem Ansari was produced  before  PW  9
      K.V. Reddy, Deputy Commissioner of Police, North  Zone,  Hyderabad  in
      connection with Crime No.151 of 1993 registered  under  TADA  Act  and
      other  offences,  as  the  accused  desired  to  give  a  confessional
      statement. In the confession  (Ext.P-444)  recorded  by  PW  109  K.V.
      Reddy, the confessing accused accepted his  role  in  Bomb  Blasts  of
      Humayun Nagar Police Station and Abid Road Police Station and that  he
      was also associated  in  planting  the  Bomb  on  06.12.1993  in  A.P.
      Express.


      20.   On the same day a confessional statement (Ext.P  445)  of  A  10
      Mohd. Nissarudin was also recorded by PW 109 K.V. Reddy in  connection
      with Crime No.336 of 1993, Abid Road Police  Station,  Hyderabad.  The
      confessing accused in said confessional statement accepted his role in
      planting of Bomb in the compartment of A.P. Express on 06.12.1993  and
      that he was also having two other Bombs which were meant  for  use  in
      K.K. Express on the same day but because of his ill  health  he  could
      not use them.


      21.   On 26.04.1994 an order was passed clubbing  all  five  cases  as
      they were found to be outcome of a single conspiracy. The order  dated
      26.04.1994 (Ext.P 259) was to the following effect:-
                                   “ORDER


                 Investigations in the under mentioned cases relating  bomb
           blasts  in  prestigious  trains  on  5/6.  12.93,   which   were
           registered in concerned Branches of the CBI  have revealed  that
           these bomb blasts were outcome of a single conspiracy.  Hence  ,
           for better appreciation of facts and  through  investigation  of
           the cases, the investigation in these cases STF, New Delhi  will
           be the C.I.O of these cases. The present  arrangement  of  CIO’S
           from STF and Assisting IO’s  from  the  concerned  branches  for
           these cases will, however, continue.


        i)  RC 32(S)/93/CBI/Hyderabad.
       ii) RC 43(S)/93/CBI/Ahmedabad
      iii) RC 37 (S)/93/CBI/Jaipur
       iv) RC 43 (S)/93/CBI/Lucknow
        v) RC 44(S)/93/CBI/Lucknow


           En  dt.  No.  8/94/STF/BB/1396  Dt.  26.4.1994             (Arun
           Bhagat)
                                                Addl. Director CBI(S)”

 


      22.   On 01.07.1994 a confessional statement  (Ext.P  434-435)  of  A9
      Mohd. Zaheeruddin was recorded by PW 105 Rajeev Trivedi in  connection
      with Crime No.636  of  1996,  Abid  Road,  P.S.,  Hyderabad.  In  this
      confessional statement the accused stated about his  association  with
      A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and about his acts of planting  bomb  at  Humayun
      Nagar, Abid Road, P.S. and Secundrabad Railway Reservation Complex and
      also about his role in planting a bomb in the  unreserved  compartment
      of A.P. Express on 06.12.1993.


      23.    On 26.07.1994 A7 Fazlur Rehman was produced before PW  62  H.C.
      Singh in the office of Superintendent of Police, CBI,  Jaipur  as  the
      accused wanted to make a confessional statement.   PW  62  H.C.  Singh
      gave him 24 hours time to think over the matter. The accused was again
      produced on 27.07.1994 on which date his confessional statement  Ext.P
      255 was recorded. In his confessional  statement  the  accused  stated
      about his association with A1 Jalees Ansari.


      24.   On 28.08.1994, PW 107 K. Vijaya Rama Rao, Inspector  General  of
      Police and Director CBI accorded sanction (Ext.P 437) under Section 20
      A (2) of TADA Act to prosecute accused  Nos.  1  to  13  for  offences
      punishable under TADA Act and other enactments.  A Charge-sheet  Ext.P
      266 dated 25.08.1994 was thereafter filed in the court  of  Designated
      Court, Ajmer, Rajasthan against accused Nos.1 to 13. The  charge-sheet
      also included sanction order dated 19.09.1994  passed  by  the  Deputy
      Commissioner of Police, Mumbai under Arms Act in  respect  of  various
      arms recovered from A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  and  sanction  order  dated
      22.07.1994 passed by Distt. Magistrate, Lucknow in respect of Arms and
      Explosives recovered from A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


      25.   After filing of the aforesaid  charge-sheet  A14  Md.  Amin  was
      apprehended. He having desired to  give  confessional  statement,  was
      produced before PW 62 H.C. Singh on 17.11.1994.  PW 62 H.C. Singh gave
      him time of 24 hrs. to think over the matter. The  accused  was  again
      produced on 18.11.1994 on which date the confessional statement of the
      accused Ext.P 257 came to be recorded. In his  confessional  statement
      the accused disclosed his association with A1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  and
      how the said accused was taught by him to make bomb devices.


      26.   A supplementary charge-sheet (Ext P-267)  dated  18.04.1995  was
      thereafter filed against A14 Mohd. Amin in the Designated Court.  This
      was preceded by order of sanction (Ext. P-438) under Section 20 A  (2)
      of TADA Act by PW 107 V. Rana Rao.


      27.    On  21.05.1996,   Metropolitan   Sessions   Judge,   Hyderabad,
      Designated Court under TADA Act ordered discharge of accused under the
      provisions of TADA Act in four cases namely Sessions Case  Nos.438  of
      1994, 584 of 1994, 13 of 1995 and 14 of 1995.  Sessions Case No.438 of
      1994 arose from FIR No.336 of 1993 of  Police  Station  Abid  Road  in
      which confessions of present accused Nos.9, 10, 11,  12  and  13  were
      recorded.  Apart from present accused Nos.9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, A1 Dr.
      Jalees Ansari, A8 Saleem Ansari and others were also accused in  those
      Sessions Cases.  It was observed by the Designated Court that none  of
      the FIRs  in  those  four  cases  was  registered  under  any  of  the
      provisions of TADA Act.  It found that there was no prior approval  in
      writing to invoke the provisions of TADA Act and as  such  the  entire
      case had to be transferred  under  Section  18  of  TADA  Act  to  the
      competent Court for disposal.  It  further  found  that  sanctions  to
      prosecute under Section 20 A (2) of TADA Act were also invalid.


      28.   This decision of  the  Designated  Court  dated  21.05.1996  was
      challenged by State of Andhra Pradesh by  preferring  Criminal  Appeal
      Nos.  2010-2013  of  1996  in  this  Court.   By   its   order   dated
      17.04.2001[2], this Court was prima facie  of  the  opinion  that  the
      exercise of power under Section 20 A (2)  of  TADA  Act  by  the  then
      Commissioner of Police was in a very casual manner and  as  such  this
      Court  deemed  it  appropriate  to  issue  notice  to  the   concerned
      Commissioner to show cause why adverse remarks against him be not made
      in the judgment by which the appeal was to be disposed of.  The record
      indicates that thereafter on 17.07.2001, at the request  of  State  of
      Andhra Pradesh, the aforesaid appeals were allowed to be withdrawn and
      consequently notice issued to the then Commissioner  of  Police  stood
      discharged.  With the withdrawal of appeals, the order passed  by  the
      Designated Court holding the invocation of TADA Act under Section 20 A
      (1) in respect of four crimes including one under FIR No.336 of 93  to
      be invalid, attained finality.


      29.   A15 Aizaz Akbar who was apprehended sometime in 1997, desired to
      make confessional statement.  He was therefore produced on  01.06.1997
      before PW1 O.P. Chhatwal who gave him 24 hours time to think over  the
      matter.  The accused was thereafter produced on 02.06.1997 before  PW1
      O.P.Chhatwal  who  recorded  his  confession  (Ext.  P-1).    In   his
      confession, the accused stated  that  he  used  to  work  as  Computer
      Operator with M/s Tawakkal Travels, Mumbai,  that  he  was  associated
      with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and that he had gone to Hyderabad  alongwith
      A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and had planted bomb  at  Humayun  Nagar,  Police
      Station and at Habib Road, Police Station in August, 1993.  He further
      stated how he had planted bomb in Bangalore-Kurla Express.


      30.   On 26.07.1997 second supplementary charge sheet  (Ext.D-53)  was
      filed against A15 Aizaz Akbar and six other absconding  accused.  This
      was preceded by order of sanction  Ext.P-471  dated  25.07.1997  under
      Section 20A (2) of TADA Act accorded by PW 130 R.C. Sharma,  Inspector
      General of Police and Director CBI, New Delhi.


      31.   Thereafter A16 Abre Rehmat Ansari was arrested. Since he desired
      to make a confessional statement, he was produced  before  PW  1  O.P.
      Chhatwal on 01.01.1998 on which date he was given  24  hours  time  to
      think over the matter. The accused was again  produced  on  02.01.1998
      when his confessional statement Ext. P-4 was recorded under Section 15
      of TADA Act. In his confession, A16 stated his full name  to  be  Abre
      Rehmat Ansari and that he was also known by name ‘Kari’. It was stated
      that he had received training in Pakistan where they  were  instigated
      to indulge in subversive activities,  that  he  participated  in  four
      firing incidents at CRPF/BSF bunkers, that  in  Aug-Sep  1993  he  was
      introduced to A4 M. Jamal Alvi, that he  had  supplied  him  arms  and
      explosives in Oct-Nov 1993 and  that  he  had  also  supplied  5kg  of
      explosives, 4 detonators and 4 timers to A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


      32.    A  third  supplementary  chargesheet  Ext.P-513  was  filed  on
      23.03.1998 against A16 Abrey Rehmat  Ansari.  Sanction  under  Section
      20A(2) dated 27.02.1998 (Ext.P 469) for such prosecution was  accorded
      by PW 128 D.R. Karthikeyan, Inspector General of Police  and  Director
      CBI, New Delhi.


      33.   On 13.10.1999 the Designated Court passed Order framing  charges
      against Accused Nos.1 to 16.  Accordingly they were charged for having
      committed offences punishable under TADA  Act  and  other  enactments.
      For facility, paragraphs 86 to 92 of the judgment  of  the  Designated
      Court which set out charges against the Accused, are quoted as under:

            “86. After hearing both the parties, accused  (A-1)  Dr.  Mohd.
           Jalees Ansari, (A-11) Mohd.Shamsuddin  @  Painter  Baba,  (A-14)
           Mohd. Amin were charged u/s 120-B IPC, Sections 3(3), 5 &  6  of
           TADA Act, Sections 4(a) & 4(b) of Explosive Substances  Act  and
           Section 9(B) of Explosive Act.  These  accused  have  also  been
           charged u/s 3(2), 5 and 6 of TADA Act, Section 3, 4(a) and  4(b)
           of  Explosive Substances Act. Section  9(B)  of  Explosive  Act,
           Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to  Public  Property  Act,
           Sections 150 & 151 of Indian Railways Act and Sections 302, 307,
           326, 324 & 436 IPC with each offence.


           87.   Accused (A-2) Ashfaque Khan, (3) Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan, (A-
           5) Mohd. Afaq Khan,  (A-9) Mohd. Zahiruddin Ahmed @  Ahmed,  (A-
           10) Mohd.Nissaruddin @ Mujju, (A-16) Abre Rehmat Ansari @  Kari,
           were charged u/s 120-B IPC,  Section  3(3)  &  6  of  TADA  Act,
           Sections 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances Act, Section 9(B)
           of Explosive Act.  These accused  have  also  been  charged  u/s
           3(2), 5 & 6 of TADA Act, Section 3, 4(a) and 4(b)  of  Explosive
           Substances Act, Section 9(B) of Explosives Act.   Section  4  of
           Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act,   Sections  150  &
           151 of Indian Railways Act,  Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 and 436
           r/w Section 120-B IPC with each offence.


           88.   Accused (A-4) Mohd. Jamal Alvi was charged u/s 120-B  IPC,
           Sections 3(3), and 6 of TADA Act,  Sections  4(a)  and  4(b)  of
           Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section  9(b)  of  Explosives  Act,
           Section 25(1-B) Arms Act.  This accused  was  also  charged  u/s
           3(2), 5 and 6  of  TADA  Act,  Sections  3,  4(a)  and  4(b)  of
           Explosive Substances Act, Section 9(B) Explosives Act, Section 4
           of Prevention of Damages to Public Property Act, Sections 150  &
           151 of Indian Railways Act, Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 and  436
           IPC r/w Section 120-B of IPC with each offence.


           89.   Accused (A-6) Irfan Ahmed, (A-15) Mohd. Aizaz  Akbar  were
           charged u/s 120-B, 307 IPC,  Section 3(2), 3(3), 6 of  TADA Act,
           Section  4(a),  4(b)  Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section  9(B)
           Explosives Act,  Section 150 of  Indian  Railways  Act.    These
           accused have also been charged u/s 3(2), 5  &  6  of  TADA  Act,
           Sections 3, 4(a) & 4(b) of  Explosive  Substances  Act,  Section
           9(b) of Explosives Act, Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to
           Public Property Act, Section 150 & 151 of Indian  Railways  Act,
           Section 302, 307, 326, 324 and 436 IPC  r/w  Section  120-B  IPC
           with each offence.


           90.   Accused (A-7) Fazlur Rehman Sufi @ Shamin was charged  u/s
           120-B, 307, 324, 326 and 436 IPC, Sections 3(2), 3(3), 5 & 6  of
           TADA Act, Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances Act,
           Section 9(B)  of Explosives Act,  Section  4  of  Prevention  of
           Damages to Public Property Act. Sections 150  &  151  of  Indian
           Railways Act.  He had also charged u/s 3(2), 5 & 6 of TADA  Act,
           Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of Explosive Substances  Act,  Section
           9(B) of Explosives Act, Section 4 of Prevention  of  Damages  to
           Public Property Act, Sections 150 & 151 of Indian Railways  Act,
           Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC r/w Section 120-B  of  IPC
           with each offence.


           91.   Accused (A-8) Mohd. Saleem Ansari was charged  u/s  120-B,
           Section 3(3) of TADA Act.  He was also charged u/s 3(2), 5  &  6
           of TADA Act, Sections 3, 4(a) and 4(b) of  Explosive  Substances
           Act,  Section 9(B) of Explosives Act,  Section 4  of  Prevention
           of Damages to Public Property Act. Sections 150 & 151 of  Indian
           Railways Act.  Sections 302, 307,  324,  326  and  436  IPC  r/w
           Section 120-B of IPC with each offence.


           92.   Accused(A-12) Mohd. Azeemuddin @ Azeem  and  (A-13)  Mohd.
           Yusuf were charged u/s 120-B, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC,  Sections
           3(2), 3(3) and 6 of TADA Act. Section 3,  4(a),  4(b)  Explosive
           Substances Act, Section 9(B) Explosive Act, Section 4 Prevention
           of Damages to Public Property Act.  Sections 150 & 151 of Indian
           Railways Act.  These accused were also charged u/s 3(2), 5 and 6
           of TADA Act,  Sections 3, 4(a), 4(b) Explosive  Substances  Act.
           Section 9(B) Explosives Act,  Section 4 Prevention of Damages to
           Public Property Act,  Section 150 &  151  Indian  Railways  Act,
           Sections 302, 307, 324, 326 & 436 IPC   r/w  Section  120-B  IPC
           with each offence.”

      34.   In support of its case, the Prosecution examined 150  witnesses,
      exhibited documents Ext.P-1  to  Ext.P-535,  produced  and  marked  23
      articles and relied upon confessions of Accused A1 to A16.  A6  having
      absconded, Accused A1 to A5 and A7 to A16 were examined under  Section
      313, Cr.P.C.  All the accused denied the case of the  Prosecution  and
      submitted that their confessions  were  not  voluntary.   The  accused
      produced twenty witnesses namely DW-1 Mohammed Jalees Ansari (A-1), DW-
      2 Mohammed Yusuf (A-13), DW-3  Mohd.  Azeemuddin  (A-12),  DW-4  Mohd.
      Nisaruddin Ahmed (A-10), DW-5, Mohd.  Zaheeruddin  Ahmed  (A-9),  DW-6
      Mohiuddin Jamal Aliv (A-4), DW-7  Abre  Rehamt  Ansari,  (A-16),  DW-8
      Mohammed Anis Ansari,  DW-9  Javed  Akhtar  Ansari,  DW-10  Jekahullah
      Ansari,  DW-11  Mohamed  Amin  (A-14),  DW-12   Rabani   Aliv,   DW-13
      Sarafuddin, DW-14 Mohd. Saleem Ansari (A-8), DW-15 Mohd.  Aizaz  Akbar
      (A-15), DW-15 Anwar Jamal Alvi, DW-17 Asharfi Fazlur Rehmman (A-7), DW-
      18 Mohammed Afaq (A-5), DW-19 Mohd.  Shamsuddin  (A-11),  DW-20  Yusuf
      Khan.  The accused exhibited 204 documents in defence.


      35.   After considering the entire  material  on  record  and  hearing
      rival submissions, the Designated Court considered the matter  in  the
      light of following points:
           “(i)  Whether prior approval to apply the provisions of TADA Act
           as required under Section 20-A (1) of the TADA Act and  sanction
           to take cognizance of the offence as required under Section  20-
           A(2) of the TADA Act is valid?


           (ii)  Whether accused A-1 Dr. Mohd. Jalees Ansari, A-2  Ashfaque
           Khan, A-3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan, A-4 M.  Jamal  Alvi,  A-5  Mohd.
           Afaq Khan, A-6 Irfan Ahmed, A-7 Fazlur Rehman Sufi @  Asharfi  E
           Shamin, A-8 Mohd. Saleem Ansari, A-9 Mohd. Zaheeruddin  Ahmed  @
           Ahmed, A-10 Mohd. Nissaruddin @ Mujju, A-11 Mohd.  Shamsuddin  @
           Painter Baba, A-12 Mohd. Azeemuddin @ Azeem, A-13 Mohd. Yusuf, A-
           14 Mohd. Amin, A-15 Mohd. Aizaz Akbar, A-16 Abare Rehmat  Ansari
           @ Kari along with the  absconding  accused  Sayed  Abdul  Karim,
           Mohd. Tuffail, Mohd. Hamir -Ul Uddin  @  Hamid,   Mohd.  Saleem,
           Nisar Ahmed Ansari @ Tahir Ahmed, during  the  year  1993-94  on
           various  dates  entered  into  criminal  conspiracy  at  Bombay,
           Lucknow, Kanpur, Dausa, Baroda, Surat, Kota Hyderabad,  Gulbarga
           and other places to terrorize the Government of India, to strike
           terror in the people, to adversely affect  the  harmony  amongst
           Hindus and Muslims by keeping bombs,  explosives  substances  on
           5.12.1993 and  6.12.1993  in  important  trains  of  India  viz.
           Rajdhani Express trains from Mumbai to New Delhi, New  Delhi  to
           Howrah, Howrah to New Delhi,  Flying Queen Express from Surat to
           Bombay, Andhra Pradesh Express  from  Hyderabad  to  New  Delhi,
           train from Bangalore to Kurla, to commit terrorist acts to cause
           train bomb blasts and thereby to cause death, grievous  injuries
           to person travelling in the  said   trains,   to  cause  damage,
           destruction to  railway,  public  property  and  also  to  send,
           procure,  manufacture explosives substances and also  to  attack
           ‘Samna Press’ of Shiv Sena on 15.1.1994 and to commit  terrorist
           act at Delhi on 26.1.1994?


           (iii) Whether accused A-1 to A-16 along with absconding  accused
           during the year 1993-94, at above mentioned places in  pursuance
           of the criminal conspiracy intentionally made  available  bombs,
           explosive substances to co-accused which were  to  be  used  for
           terrorist acts for causing bomb blasts in  the  above  mentioned
           trains?


           (iv) Whether in pursuance of the criminal conspiracy accused A-1
           to A-16 procured explosive substances and  explosives  and  kept
           the explosive substances unauthorisedly in their possession in a
           notified area for which they had  no  licence  and  manufactured
           bombs  for  unlawful  objects  and  were  kept  unlawfully   and
           maliciously to endanger life and property and for  causing  bomb
           blasts in the above mentioned trains for which the  accused  A-1
           to A-16 are liable as members of the said criminal conspiracy?


       vi) Whether in pursuance of the said conspiracy the  accused  on  5-
           6/12/1993 kept bomb devices at Kanpur,  Baroda railway  stations
           in Rajdhani Express Trains from Howrah to New  Delhi,  from  New
           Delhi to Howrah,  from Bombay to New Delhi,  respectively  which
           exploded causing injuries  to  six  passengers.   Further,  bomb
           device was kept at Hyderabad Railway Station in  Andhra  Pradesh
           Express from Hyderabad to New Delhi, which exploded resulting in
           death of two passengers Abdul Majid and Smt.  Jeevan  Jyoti  and
           injuries to fourteen passengers, bomb device was  also  kept  at
           Surat Railway station in Flying  Queen  Express  from  Surat  to
           Bombay which exploded causing  injuries  to  one  passenger  and
           further  bomb  device  was  kept  at  Pune  Railway  Station  in
           Bangalore – Kurla Express train for causing explosion. The  bomb
           explosions in the above trains caused damage  to  railway-public
           property and for the above acts accused A-1 to A-16  are  liable
           as members of the said criminal conspiracy?”

 


      36.   The Designated Court found prior approval under  Section  20A(1)
      of TADA Act in the present matter, namely Ext.P-45-, P-246, P-247  and
      P-160 and Orders of Sanction under Section 20A(2) namely  Ext.P-437, P-
      438, P-469 and P-471 to be valid and in accordance with law.  In  view
      of the confessional statement and other prosecution evidence, it found
      that it was proved beyond reasonable doubt that Accused Nos.1 to 5 and
      Accused Nos.7 to 16 had conspired and caused terrorist acts by causing
      bomb blasts in six trains on 5th & 6th December, 1993 and found A1  to
      A5 and A7 to A14 and A16  guilty  of  the  offences  punishable  under
      Section 3(3) of TADA Act while A15 was found  guilty  of  the  offence
      punishable under Section 3(3) of TADA Act read with Section 120-B IPC.


      37.   The Designated Court by  its  judgment  and  final  order  dated
      28.02.2004 convicted and sentenced the accused for various offences as
      detailed in following paragraphs 537 to 543 of its judgment:

           “537:  Accused  A-1  Dr.  Mohammed  Jalees  Ansari,  A-9   Mohd.
           Zaheeruddin Ahmed @ Ahmed, A-11 Mohammed  Shamsuddin  @  Painter
           Baba, A-12 Mohammed Azeemuddin @ Azeem, A-13 Mohammed Yusuf  are
           guilty of the offences punishable u/s 120-B I.P.C., Section 3(2)
           (i), 3(2) (ii), 3(3), 5, 6(1) TADA Act, 1987 Sections 302,  307,
           326, 324, 436 I.P.C., Sections  3,4  Explosive  Substances  Act,
           Sec. 9-B Explosives Act, Sections 150, 151 Railways Act, Section
           4 prevention of Damage to Public Property Act.


           Under Section 120-B I.P.C. Sec. 3(2) (I)  TADA  Act,  Sec.  3(3)
           TADA  Act,  Sec.302  I.P.C.,  each  of  the  above  accused  are
           sentenced to life imprisonment and a fine of Rs.5000/-  on  each
           count. In default of payment of fine each of them shall  further
           undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year.


           Under Section 150 Railways Act, each of the  above  accused  are
           sentenced to life imprisonment.


           Under Section 3(2)(ii),  5,  6(1)  TADA  Act,  Sec.  307  I.P.C.
           Sections 3 & 4, Explosive Substances  Act,  each  of  the  above
           accused are sentenced to ten years rigorous imprisonment  and  a
           fine of Rs.2500/- on each count. In default of payment  of  fine
           each of them shall further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six
           months.


           Under Section 9-B  Explosives  Act,  each  of  the  accused  are
           sentenced to two years  rigorous  imprisonment  and  a  fine  of
           Rs.2500/-. In default of payment of payment of fine each of them
           shall further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           Since, each of the above accused  has  been  sentenced  u/s  307
           I.P.C., Section 150 Railways Act, no separate 151 Railways  Act,
           Sec. 4 Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act, is awarded.


           538.  Accused A-2  Ashfaque  Khan  is  guilty  of  the  offences
           punishable u/s 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3(2) (I) TADA Act r/w Sec.120-
           B I.P.C., Sec.  3(2)  (ii)  TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.  120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sections 3(3), 5,6(1) TADA Act, Sec.302  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.307 r/w 120-B I.P.C., Sec.326 r/w 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 324 r/w
           Sec.120-B,  Sec.436  r/w  Sec.  120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.3  Explosive
           Substances Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.4 Explosive  Substances
           Act, Sec.9-B Explosives Act, Sec.150 Railways Act r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C.,  Sec.151  Railways  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,   Sec.4
           Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C.

 


           a)    Under Section 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec. 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3 (3) TADA Act, Sec.302,  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C. A-2  is  sentenced  to  life  imprisonment  and  fine  of
           Rs.5,000/- on each count. In default  of  payment  of  fine  A-2
           shall further undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year.


           b)    Under Section 150 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C. A-2 is
           sentenced to life imprisonment.


           c)    Under Section 3(2) (ii) TADA Act r/w Section120-B  I.P.C.,
           Section 5,6(1) TADA Act, Sec.307  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.3
           Explosive  Substances  Act,  r/w  Sec.120-B   I.P.C.,   Section4
           Explosive Substances Act, A-2 is sentenced to ten years rigorous
           imprisonment and a fine of Rs.2500/- on each count.  In  default
           of  payment  of  fine  A-2  shall   further   undergo   rigorous
           imprisonment for six months.


           d)    Under Section 9-B Explosive Act A-2 is  sentenced  to  two
           years rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.2500/-  in  default
           of  payment  of  fine  A-2  shall   further   undergo   rigorous
           imprisonment for six months.


           e)    Since, A-2  has  been  sentenced  under  Section  307  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Section 150 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C.,
           no separate sentence u/ss 326, 324, 436 I.P.C., Sec.151 Railways
           Act, Sec.4 Prevention of Damage of Public Property Act, all  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C. is awarded.


           539.  Accused A-3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan, A-5 Mohammed Afaq  Khan,
           A-10 Mohammed Nissaruddin @ Mujju, A-16  Aore  Rehmat  Ansari  @
           Kari, are guilty of the offences punishable  u/s  120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec. 3(2) (1) TADA Act r/w Sec. 120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.  3(2)  (ii)
           TADA Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(3) TADA Act, Sec.5 TADA Act
           r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.6(1) TADA Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.302 r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.  307  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.326 r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.324  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.436 r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.3 Explosive Substances Act r/w
           Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.4  Explosive  Substances  Act,   Sec.9-B
           Explosives Act,  Sec.150  Railways  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.151 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.4  Prevention  of
           Damage of Public Property Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C.:


           a)    Under Section 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  R/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C. Sec. 3(3) TADA  Act,  Sec.  302  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C. Sec.3(3) TADA Act, Sec.302 r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C.  each  of
           the above accused are sentenced to life imprisonment and a  fine
           of Rs.5000/- on each count. In default of payment of  fine  each
           of them shall further  undergo  rigorous  imprisonment  for  one
           year.


           b)    Under Section 150 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.  each
           of the above accused are sentenced to life imprisonment.


           c)    Under Section 3(2) (i)  TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.5 TADA Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.6(1)  TADA  Act,  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.307 I.P.C.  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.3
           Explosive Substances Act, r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.4  Explosive
           Substances Act, each of the above accused are sentenced  to  ten
           years rigorous imprisonment and a  fine  of  Rs.2500/-  on  each
           count. In default of payment of fine each of them shall  further
           undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           d)    Under Section 9-B Explosives Act, each of the accused  are
           sentenced to two years  rigorous  imprisonment  and  a  fine  of
           Rs.2500/-. In default of payment of  fine  each  of  them  shall
           further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           e)    Since, each of the above accused have been  sentenced  u/s
           307 r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.150  Railways  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C., no separate sentence u/s 326, 324, 436  I.P.C.,  Section
           151 Railways Act, all r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C. is awarded.


           540.  Accused A-4 N.  Jamal  Alvi  is  guilty  of  the  offences
           punishable u/s 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3(2) (i) TADA Act r/w Sec.120-
           B I.P.C., Sec.3(2) (ii), 3(3)  TADA  Act,  Sec.5  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.6(1)  TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.302 r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sections  307,  326,  324,  436
           I.P.C., Sections 3,4 Explosive Substances Act, Sec.9-B Explosive
           Act, Sections 150, 151 Railways Act, Sec.4 Prevention of  Damage
           to Public Property Act, Sec.25(1-B) (a) Arms Act.


           a)    Under Section 120-B  I.P.C.  Sec.3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3(3)  TADA  Act,  Sec.302  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C., A-4 is  sentenced  to  life  imprisonment  and  fine  of
           Rs.5000/- on each count. In default of payment of fine A-4 shall
           further undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year.


           b)    Under Section 150 Railways Act A-4 is  sentenced  to  life
           imprisonment.


           c)    Under Section 3(2) (ii)  TADA  Act,  Sec.5  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.6(1)  TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.307  I.P.C.,  Sec.3,4  Explosive  Substances  Act,  A-4   is
           sentenced to ten years  rigorous  imprisonment  and  a  fine  of
           Rs.2500/- on each count. In default of payment of fine A-4 shall
           further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           d)    Under Section 9-B Explosives Act, A-4 is sentenced to  two
           years rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.2500/-. In  default
           of  payment  of  fine  A-4  shall   further   undergo   rigorous
           imprisonment for six months.


           e)    Since A-4 has been sentenced  under  Section  307  I.P.C.,
           Sec.150 Railways Act, no separate sentence u/Ss  326,  324,  436
           I.P.C., Sec.151 Railways Act,  Sec.4  Prevention  of  Damage  of
           Public Property Act, is awarded.


           f)    Under Section 25 (1-B) (a) Arms Act, A-4 is  sentenced  to
           three years rigorous imprisonment and a fine  of  Rs.2500/-.  In
           default of payment of fine A-4 shall  further  undergo  rigorous
           imprisonment for six months.


           541.  Accused A-7 Fazlur Rehman Sufi  @  Shamim,  A-14  Mohammed
           Amin are guilty of the offences  punishable  u/s  120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.3(2) (i) TADA Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C. Sec.3(2) (ii),  3(3),
           5,6 (1) TADA Act, Sec.302 r/w 120-B I.P.C., Sections  307,  326,
           324, 436 I.P.C. Sections 3,4 Explosive Substances  Act,  Sec.9-B
           Explosive Act, Sec.9-B Explosive Act, Sections 150, 151 Railways
           Act, Sec.4 Prevention of Damage of Public Property Act.


           a)    Under Section 120-B I.P.C.,  Sec.3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(3) TADA Act, Sec.302 I.P.C. r/w Sec.120-
           B I.P.C. each  of  the  above  accused  are  sentenced  to  life
           imprisonment and a fine of Rs.5000/- on each count.  In  default
           of payment of fine each of them shall further  undergo  rigorous
           imprisonment for one year.


           b)    Under Section 150 Railways Act, each of the above  accused
           are sentenced to life imprisonment.


           c)    Under Section 3(2) (ii) TADA Act,  Sec.5,6  (1)  TADA  Act
           Sec.307 I.P.C., Sec.3,4 Explosives Substances Act, each  of  the
           above accused are sentenced to ten years  rigorous  imprisonment
           and a fine of Rs.2500/- on each count. In default of payment  of
           fine each of them shall further  undergo  rigorous  imprisonment
           for six months.


           d)    Under Section 9-B Explosives Act, each of the accused  are
           sentenced to two years  rigorous  imprisonment  and  a  fine  of
           Rs.2500/-. In default of payment of  fine  each  of  them  shall
           further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           e)    Since, each of the above accused have been  sentenced  u/s
           307, Sec.150 Railways Act no separate sentence u/s 326, 324, 436
           I.P.C., Section 151 Railways Act, Sec.4 Prevention of Damage  to
           Public Property act is awarded.


           542.  Accused A-8  Mohammed  Saleem  Ansari  is  guilty  of  the
           offences publishable u/s 120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(2) (1) TADA Act r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(2) (ii) TADA Act r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.3(3) TADA Act, Sec.5 TADA Act r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.6
           (1) TADA Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.302 r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C.,
           Sec.307 r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.326  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.324 r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.436  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.3 Explosive  Substances  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.4
           Explosive  Substances  Act,  r/w   Sec.120-B   I.P.C.,   Sec.9-B
           Explosive Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C.,  Sec.150  Railways  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.151 Railways  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec. Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C.


           a)    Under Section 120-B I.P.C., Sec. 3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C.,  Sec.3(3)  TADA  Act,  Sec.302  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C, Under Section 120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C.,  Sec.3(3)  TADA  Act,  Sec.302  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C., A-4 is  sentenced  to  life  imprisonment  and  fine  of
           Rs.5000/- on each count. In default of payment of fine A-4 shall
           further undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year.


           b)    Under Section 150 Railways Act A-4 is  sentenced  to  life
           imprisonment, A-8 is sentenced to life imprisonment and fine  of
           Rs.5000/- on each count. In default of payment of fine A-8 shall
           further undergo rigorous imprisonment for one year.


           c)    Under Section 150 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C. A-8 is
           sentenced to life imprisonment.


           d)    Under Section 3(2) (ii) TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.5 TADA Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.6(1)  TADA  Act,  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.307 I.P.C. r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.  3
           Explosive Substances Act, r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.4  Explosive
           Substances  Act,  A-8  is  sentenced  to  ten   years   rigorous
           imprisonment and a fine of Rs.2500/- on each count.  In  default
           of  payment  of  fine  A-8  shall   further   undergo   rigorous
           imprisonment for six months.


           e)    Under Section 9-B Explosive Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C,  A-8
           is sentenced to two years rigorous imprisonment and  a  fine  of
           Rs.2500/-. In default of  payment  of  fine  A-8  shall  further
           undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           f)    Since A-8 has been sentenced under Section 307 r/w Sec.120-
           B I.P.C., Sec.150 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., no separate
           sentence u/Ss 326, 324, 436 I.P.C. Sec.151 Railways  Act,  Sec.4
           Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act, all  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C. is awarded.


           543.  Accused  A-15  Mohammed  Aizaz  akbar  is  guilty  of  the
           offences punishable u/s Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(2) (I) TADA  Act
           r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.3(2) (ii) TADA  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C,
           Sec.3(3) TADA Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,   Sec.5  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C.,   Sec.6(1)  TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.302 r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.307, Sec.  326  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C., Sec.324 r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.436  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C., Sec.3 Explosive Substances  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.4 Explosive Substances Act, Sec.9-B Explosives Act Sec.  150
           Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  Sec.151  Railways  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.4 Prevention of Damage to Public  Property
           Act r/w Sec.120-B I.P.C..


           a)    Under Section 120-B I.P.C.,  Sec.3(2)  (i)  TADA  Act  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C.,  Sec.3(3)  TADA  Act,  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Sec.302,  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.  A-15  is  sentenced  to   life
           imprisonment and fine of Rs.5000/- on each count. In default  of
           payment of fine A-15 shall further undergo rigorous imprisonment
           for one year.


           b)    Under Section 150 Railways Act r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C.  A-15
           is sentenced to life imprisonment.


           c) Under Section  3(2)  (ii)  TADA  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,
           Section 5 TADA Act, r/w Sec.120-B  I.P.C,  6(1)  TADA  Act,  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Sec.307, Sec.3 Explosive Substances  Act,  r/w
           Sec.120-B I.P.C., Section 4 Explosive Substances  Act,  A-15  is
           sentenced to ten years  rigorous  imprisonment  and  a  fine  of
           Rs.2500/- on each count. In default  of  payment  of  fine  A-15
           shall further undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months.


           d)    Under Section 9-B Explosives Act A-15 is sentenced to  two
           years rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.2500/-. In  default
           of  payment  of  fine  A-15  shall  further   undergo   rigorous
           imprisonment for six months.


           e)    Since, A-15 has been sentenced under Section  307  I.P.C.,
           Section 150 Railways  Act  r/w  Sec.120-B  I.P.C.,  no  separate
           sentence u/ss 326, 324, 436, I.P.C. Sec.151 Railways Act,  Sec.4
           Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act, all  r/w  Sec.120-B
           I.P.C. is awarded.”

      38.  Cases of accused Nos. 6  and  12  having  been  separated,  this
      appeal on behalf of remaining  14  accused  takes  exception  to  the
      aforesaid  judgment  of  conviction  and  sentence  passed   by   the
      Designated  Court.   Mr.  Ratnakar  Dash,  Learned  Senior  Advocate,
      appeared for A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari, A4 Jamal Alvi, A5 Afaque Khan,  A7
      Fazlur-Rehman, A8 Saleem Ansari, A14 Mohd Amin and  A16  Abre  Rehmat
      Ansari.  Mr. R.S. Sodhi, Learned Senior Advocate appeared  on  behalf
      of A2 Ashfaque Khan.   Mr.  Sanjay  Hegde,  Learned  Senior  Advocate
      appeared for A3 Habib Ahmed Khan.   Ms.  Nitya  Ramkrishnan,  learned
      Advocate  appeared  on  behalf  of  A9  Md.  Zaheeruddin,   A10   Md.
      Nisaruddin, A11 Md. Shamsuddin, A13 Md. Yusuf and  A15  Aizaz  Akbar.
      Mr. P.K. Dey, Learned Advocate for CBI.   We  are  grateful  for  the
      assistance rendered by learned counsel.


      39.  The submissions advanced on behalf of the accused can be broadly
      put under following five points:-
           A.    There was no valid invocation of provisions of TADA Act as
           required  under  Section  20   A   (1)   of   TADA   Act.    The
           documents/orders of invocation as alleged in the present  matter
           were not contemporaneous but fabricated later in point of time.
           B.    The prosecution was seeking to rely  upon  confessions  of
           the accused recorded in other crime(s).  Though  permissible  in
           law, such reliance was not in  conformity  with  the  principles
           laid down by this Court.
           C.    Confessions  recorded  in  the  present  matter  were  not
           voluntary.  They were extracted while the accused were in police
           custody and in most cases the confessions were recorded by PW 62
           H.C. Singh while other competent Officers were available.
           D.    In any case, such confessions could not be relied upon  as
           substantive evidence  to  bring  home  the  charge  against  the
           confessing accused and for that matter against the co-accused.
           E.    There was no evidence independent or otherwise which could
           support the case of prosecution.  Further, there was no material
           on  record  even  to  lend  support  or  corroboration  to   the
           confessions relied upon by the prosecution.


      40.  Since the validity of confessions recorded in the  present  case
      is quite crucial in the  present  case,  the  following  chart  would
      facilitate the assessment of issues  involved  in  the  matter.   The
      chart indicates that confessions of A1, A5, A8, A9, A10 and A13  were
      recorded in crimes other than the present ones.  We  have  not  dealt
      with confessions of A6 and A12.

|Acc- |Name of     |Confession recorded in Case|Exhibit No. &  |Recorded by|
|used |accused     |No.                        |Date of        |           |
|No   |            |                           |recording      |           |
|A-2  |Ashfaque    |RC 37(S)/93, CBI, Jaipur   |Ex P-248       |By PW 62   |
|     |Khan        |                           |28&29/01/1994  |H.C. Singh |
|A-5  |Afaque Khan |Case No 46/94, P.S. Malviya|Ex P-241A      |By PW 61   |
|     |            |Nagar, New Delhi           |02/02/1994     |Prabhat    |
|     |            |                           |               |Singh      |
|A-1  |Mohd Jalees |RC 1(S)/93, Bombay Bomb    |Ex P-250       |By PW 62   |
|     |Ansari      |blast case                 |6&7/2/94       |H.C. Singh |
|A-3  |Habib Ahmed |RC 43-44(S)/93 CBI, Lucknow|Ex P-251       |By PW 62   |
|     |Khan        |                           |12&13/02/1994  |H.C. Singh |
|A-11 |Md.         |Crime No. 336/93, Abid Road|Ex P-427-28    |By PW 103  |
|     |Shamsuddin  |Police Station, Hyderabad  |16/02/1994     |K.M. Reddy |
|A-13 |Md. Yusuf   |Crime No. 336/93, Abid Road|Ex P-431-32    |By PW 103  |
|     |            |Police Station, Hyderabad  |16/2/1994      |K.M. Reddy |
|A-4  |M. Jamal    |RC 43-44(S)/93 CBI, Lucknow|Ex P-253       |By PW 62   |
|     |Alvi        |                           |17&18/02/1994  |H.C. Singh |
|A-8  |Saleem      |Case Crime No. 151/93, CCS,|Ex P-444       |By PW 109  |
|     |Ansari      |Hyderabad                  |08/03/1994     |K.V. Reddy |
|A-10 |Md.         |Crime No. 336/93, Abid Road|Ex P-445       |By PW 109  |
|     |Nisaruddin  |Police Station Hyderabad   |08/03/1994     |K.V. Reddy |
|A-9  |Md.         |Crime No 336/93, Abid Road |Ex P-434-35    |By PW 105  |
|     |Zaheeruddin |Police Station Hyderabad   |01/07/1994     |Rajeev     |
|     |            |                           |               |Trivedi    |
|A-7  |Fazlur-Rehma|RC 37(S)/93, CBI, Jaipur   |Ex P-255       |By PW 62   |
|     |n           |                           |26&27/071994   |H.C. Singh |
|A-14 |Mohd Amin   |RC 37(S)/93, CBI, Jaipur   |Ex P-257       |By PW 62   |
|     |            |                           |17&18/11/1994  |H.C. Singh |
|A-15 |Aizaz Akbar |RC 37(S)/93, CBI, Jaipur   |Ex P-1         |By PW 1    |
|     |            |                           |1&2/6/97       |O.P.       |
|     |            |                           |               |Chhatwal   |
|A-16 |Abre Rehmat |RC 37(S)/93, CBI, Jaipur   |Ex P-4         |By PW 1    |
|     |Ansari      |                           |1&2/01/1998    |O.P.       |
|     |            |                           |               |Chhatwal   |

      41.   Section 20A was brought on the Statute by way of amendment  vide
      Act 43 of 1993.  Section 20A is as under :-

           “Section 20-A. Cognizance of offence  .  - (1)  Notwithstanding,
           anything  contained  in  the  Code,  no  information  about  the
           commission of an offence under this Act shall be recorded by the
           police without the prior approval of the District Superintendent
           of Police.

           (2) No court shall take cognizance of any offence under this Act
           without  the  previous  sanction  of  the  Inspector-General  of
           Police, or as the case may be, the Commissioner of  Police.”

 


      42.   According to sub-Section (1), there must be  prior  approval  of
      the District Superintendent of Police before any information about the
      commission of offence under TADA Act could be recorded by the  police.
      This provision  has  been  construed  by  this  Hon’ble  Court  to  be
      mandatory and going by the negative language  employed  therein  -  an
      absolute imperative, in the absence of which further proceedings taken
      under TADA Act have been held to  be  completely  invalid  and  of  no
      consequence.  This  Court  in  Hitendra  Vishnu  Thakur  v.  State  of
      Maharashtra[3] stated as under:-

                “12. Of late, we have come  across  some  cases  where  the
                Designated Courts have charge-sheeted and/or  convicted  an
                accused person under TADA even though there is not even  an
                iota of evidence from which  it  could  be  inferred,  even
                prima facie, let alone conclusively,  that  the  crime  was
                committed  with  the  intention  as  contemplated  by   the
                provisions  of  TADA,  merely  on  the  statement  of   the
                investigating agency to the effect that the consequence  of
                the criminal act resulted in causing panic or terror in the
                society or in a section thereof. Such orders result in  the
                misuse of TADA. Parliament, through Section  20-A  of  TADA
                has clearly manifested its intention to treat the  offences
                under TADA seriously inasmuch  as  under  Section  20-A(1),
                notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of  Criminal
                Procedure,  no  information  about  the  commission  of  an
                offence under TADA shall even be recorded without the prior
                approval of the District Superintendent of Police and under
                Section 20-A(2), no court  shall  take  cognizance  of  any
                offence under TADA without the  previous  sanction  of  the
                authorities  prescribed  therein.  Section  20-A  was  thus
                introduced in the Act with a view to prevent the  abuse  of
                the provisions of TADA.”
                   (emphasis in original)

 


      43.  In Rangku Dutta v.  State  of  Assam[4],  this  Court  found  the
      requirement of prior approval under Section 20-A(1) to be mandatory in
      following words:-


           18.  It  is  obvious  that  Section  20-A(1)  is   a   mandatory
           requirement of law. First, it starts with an  overriding  clause
           and, thereafter, to emphasise its mandatory nature, it uses  the
           expression “No” after the overriding clause. Whenever the intent
           of a statute  is  mandatory,  it  is  clothed  with  a  negative
           command. Reference in  this  connection  can  be  made  to  G.P.
           Singh’s Principles of Statutory Interpretation,  12th  Edn.,  at
           pp. 404-05, the learned author has stated:


              “… As stated by CRAWFORD: ‘Prohibitive or negative words  can
           rarely, if ever, be directory. And this is so  even  though  the
           statute provides no penalty for disobedience.’  As  observed  by
           SUBBARAO, J.: ‘Negative words are clearly  prohibitory  and  are
           ordinarily used as  a  legislative  device  to  make  a  statute
           imperative.’ Section 80 and Section 87-B of the  Code  of  Civil
           Procedure, 1908; Section 77 of the Railways Act,  1890;  Section
           15 of the Bombay Rent Act, 1947; Section 213 of  the  Succession
           Act, 1925; Section 5-A of  the  Prevention  of  Corruption  Act,
           1947; Section 7 of the Stamp  Act,  1899;  Section  108  of  the
           Companies Act, 1956; Section 20(1) of  the  Prevention  of  Food
           Adulteration Act, 1954; Section 55 of the Wild Life (Protection)
           Act, 1972; the proviso to Section  33(2)(b)  of  the  Industrial
           Disputes Act, 1947 (as amended in 1956);  Section  10-A  of  the
           Medical Council Act, 1956 (as  amended  in  1993),  and  similar
           other provisions have therefore, been construed as mandatory.  A
           provision requiring ‘not less than three months’ notice’ is also
           for the same reason mandatory.”


           We are in respectful agreement with the aforesaid  statement  of
           law made by the learned author.


              19. So there can be no doubt about the  mandatory  nature  of
           the requirement of this Section. Apart from that, since the said
           Section has been amended in order to prevent the  abuse  of  the
           provisions of TADA, this Court while examining the  question  of
           complying with the said provision must examine it strictly.


              20. Going by the aforesaid principles, this Court finds  that
           no information about the commission of an offence under the said
           Act can be recorded by the police without the prior approval  of
           the  District   Superintendent   of   Police.   Therefore,   the
           requirement of prior approval must be satisfied at the  time  of
           recording the information.  If  a  subsequent  investigation  is
           carried on without a proper recording of the information by  the
           DSP in terms of Section 20-A(1), that does not cure the inherent
           defect of recording the information without the  prior  approval
           of the District Superintendent of Police.

 


      44.   In Ashrafkhan  v.  State  of  Gujarat[5],  the  effect  of  non-
      compliance of Section 20 A(1) of  TADA  Act  was  considered  by  this
      Court.  This Court also dealt with submission advanced  on  behalf  of
      the State that once cognizance was taken and the Designated Court  had
      decided to try the case by itself, any prior defects would be rendered
      irrelevant.  This Court stated in clear terms that even if the case is
      tried by the Designated Court, the non-compliance of Section  20  A(1)
      can be raised as a ground and it would  not  prevent  the  accused  to
      challenge the trial or their conviction on that ground.  Paragraph  38
      of the judgment of this Court is relevant and is quoted hereunder:-

           38. As regards submission of the State that the Designated Court
           having taken cognizance and decided to try the case by itself in
           exercise of the power  under  Section  18  of  TADA,  the  prior
           defects, if any, are rendered irrelevant and cannot  be  raised,
           has only been noted to be rejected. Section 18 of  TADA  confers
           jurisdiction on the Designated Court to transfer such cases  for
           the trial of such offences in which it has  no  jurisdiction  to
           try  and  in  such  cases,  the  court  to  which  the  case  is
           transferred, may proceed with the trial of the offence as if  it
           had taken cognizance of the offence. The power of the Designated
           Court to transfer the case to be tried by a court  of  competent
           jurisdiction would not mean that in case  the  Designated  Court
           has decided to proceed with the  trial,  any  defect  in  trial,
           cannot be agitated at later stage. Many  ingredients  which  are
           required  to  be  established  to  confer  jurisdiction   on   a
           Designated Court are required to be proved during trial. At  the
           stage of Section 18 the Designated Court has  to  decide  as  to
           whether to try the case itself or transfer the case for trial to
           another court of competent jurisdiction. For that, the materials
           collected during the course of investigation  have  only  to  be
           seen. The investigating agency, in the present  case,  has  come
           out with a case that prior approval was given  for  registration
           of the case and the allegations made do  constitute  an  offence
           under TADA. In the face of  it,  the  Designated  Court  had  no
           option than to proceed with the trial. However, the decision  by
           the Designated Court to proceed with the trial shall not prevent
           the accused to contend in future that  they  cannot  be  validly
           prosecuted under TADA. We hasten to add  that  even  in  a  case
           which is not fit to be tried by  the  Designated  Court  but  it
           decides to do the same instead of referring the case to be tried
           by a court of competent jurisdiction, it will  not  prevent  the
           accused to challenge the trial or conviction later on.

 


      45.   Further, this Court in Ashrafkhan (supra) went  on  to  consider
      whether confession so recorded could be used, for  establishing  guilt
      in respect of offences under other enactments in following words:-


           41. We have held the conviction of  the  accused  to  have  been
           vitiated on account of non-compliance with  Section  20-A(1)  of
           TADA and thus, it may be permissible  in  law  to  maintain  the
           conviction under the Arms Act and the Explosive  Substances  Act
           but  that  shall  only  be  possible  when  there  are   legally
           admissible evidence to establish those charges.  The  Designated
           Court has only relied on the confessions recorded under TADA  to
           convict the accused for offences under  the  Arms  Act  and  the
           Explosive Substances Act. In view  of  our  finding  that  their
           conviction is vitiated  on  account  of  non-compliance  of  the
           mandatory requirement of prior approval under Section 20-A(1) of
           TADA,  the  confessions  recorded  cannot  be  looked  into   to
           establish  the  guilt  under  the  aforesaid  Acts.  Hence,  the
           conviction of the accused under Sections 7 and  25(1-A)  of  the
           Arms Act and Sections 4, 5 and 6 of the Explosive Substances Act
           cannot also be allowed to stand.

 


      46.   In the light of the aforesaid principles, the  effect  of  order
      dated  21.05.1996  of  Metropolitan  Sessions  Judge,  Hyderabad   and
      Designated Court is required to be considered.  The  Designated  Court
      had found that there  was  no  proper  and  valid  invocation  of  the
      provisions of TADA Act while dealing with Sessions Case  Nos.  438  of
      1994, 584 of 1994, 13 of 1995 and 14 of 1995.  Sessions Case No. 48 of
      1994 arose from FIR No.336 of 1993  in  which  crime,  confessions  of
      accused Nos. A9, A10, A11 and A13 were recorded.  Though the State had
      preferred an appeal in this Court, on 17.07.2001 at the request of the
      State, the appeals were allowed to be  withdrawn.   Consequently,  the
      order of the Designated Court that there was no  valid  invocation  of
      provisions of TADA Act, attained finality.  Not a single  witness  was
      examined in the present matter in connection with invocation  of  TADA
      Act in said crime No.336 of 1993 nor any document in that  behalf  was
      placed on record.  What we have on record is  only  the  testimony  of
      those officials who had recorded the confessions of  said  accused  in
      crime No.336 of 1993 and nothing more. In the  face of the order  that
      the provisions of TADA Act were not  validity  and  properly  invoked,
      such confessions on the strength of law  declared  by  this  Court  in
      Rangku Dutta and Ashrafkhan cases (Supra), must suffer the  inevitable
      consequence.  As declared by this Court, if there is  no  valid  prior
      approval under TADA Act, subsequent steps or  stages  initiated  under
      TADA Act are  rendered  invalid.   Consequently,  the  confessions  of
      Accused Nos.A9, A10, A11 and A13 are without any  legal  sanction  and
      cannot be relied upon.

      47.   We now turn to confessions of A5 Afaque Khan  recorded  in  Case
      No. 46/94 P.S.  Malviya Nagar, New  Delhi  and  of  A8  Saleem  Ansari
      recorded in Crime No. 151/93, CCS Hyderabad.  In both these cases, the
      officers who recorded the confession namely PW61 Prabhat Singh,  PW109
      K.V. Reddy have undoubtedly been examined to  establish  the  fact  of
      recording of confession.  However,  there  is  nothing  on  record  as
      regards said two crimes, not even the  respective   first  information
      reports.  Further, there is nothing on record to indicate what was the
      fate of these two cases.   The learned counsel for CBI could not point
      out  anything  from  record  indicating  the  status  of  these  cases
      including whether the charges were framed or whether respective Courts
      had accepted the invocation of TADA or whether the cases  had  in  any
      way attained finality as one tried for offences under TADA Act.  Apart
      from the Recording  Officers’  testimony  as  stated  above  that  the
      confessions were recorded by them, there is nothing on the record even
      to lend semblance of support  that  the  matters  had  been  taken  to
      logical  culmination  in  a  trial   under   TADA   Act.      In   the
      circumstances,  it  would  be  extremely  difficult  to  rely  on  the
      confessions of A5 Afaque  Khan  and  A8  Saleem  Ansari.   We  do  not
      therefore deem it appropriate to rely on the confessions of A5 and  A8
      as substantive pieces of evidence.


       48.  The confession of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari was also not  recorded in
      the present crimes but  was recorded  in Bombay Bomb Blast case.   The
      record indicates that the accused was produced before  the  Designated
      Court, Bombay on 28.02.1994 when on an application moved  by  CBI,  he
      was discharged from Bombay Bomb Blast case.  The fact that Bombay Bomb
      Blast case culminated in a judgment and order of conviction which  was
      sustained by this Court[6] as regards some of the  accused  under  the
      provisions of TADA Act is a fact  of  which  judicial  notice  can  be
      taken.  The counsel appearing for the accused did not even  urge  that
      the confession of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari could not be  relied  upon  for
      want of requisite approval under Section 20 A(1) of TADA Act in Bombay
      Bomb  Blast  Case  but  their  submission  was  that  he  having  been
      discharged from Bombay Bomb Blast case,   the   confession  lost   any
      significance and that for want of valid prior approval  under  Section
      20 A(1) the entire proceedings stand vitiated.     It  is,  therefore,
      required  to be considered whether confession of a person validly  and
      correctly recorded under Section 15 of TADA Act but if that person  is
      subsequently discharged in the very matter in which his confession  so
      recorded, could such confession be admissible and relied upon  in  any
      other trial of the very same  person.

      49.   The provisions of Section 15 of TADA Act and  whether  there  is
      any statutory inhibition  for  using the  confession  on  the  premise
      that it is not recorded during the  investigation  of  the  particular
      offence which is under trial,  was considered by this Court  in  State
      of Gujarat  v. Mohd. Atiq[7].   Relying  upon  the  principle  “it  is
      immaterial whether the information was supplied in connection with the
      same crime or a different crime” as laid down in State of Rajasthan v.
      Bhoop Singh[8] this Court in Mohd. Atik (Supra) stated as under:


              “5. It is clear from the above Section  that  a  confessional
           statement recorded in accordance with the requirements contained
           in the Section becomes admissible in spite of the ban  contained
           in Section 25 of the Evidence Act or Section 162 of the Code  of
           Criminal Procedure. The requirements stipulated in Section 15(1)
           of the TADA for admissibility of a confession made to  a  police
           officer are (1) the confession should have been made to a police
           officer not lower in rank than a Superintendent of Police (2) it
           should have been recorded by the said  police  officer  (3)  the
           trial should be against the maker of  the  confession  (4)  such
           trial must be for an offence under TADA or the Rules thereunder.
           If the above requirements are satisfied the  confession  becomes
           admissible  in  evidence  and  it  is  immaterial  whether   the
           confession was recorded in one particular case or in a different
           case.


              6. When there is  no  statutory  inhibition  for  using  such
           confession on the premise that it was not  recorded  during  the
           investigation of the particular offence  which  is  under  trial
           there is no need or reason for the Court to introduce a  further
           fetter against the admissibility of the confessional  statement.
           It often happens that a confessor would disclose very many  acts
           and events including different facets of his involvement in  the
           preparation attempt and commission of crimes including the  acts
           of his  co-participators  therein.  But  to  expel  every  other
           incriminating disclosure than  that  under  investigation  of  a
           particular crime from the ambit of admissibility is not mandated
           by any provision of law.


           7. We have, therefore, absolutely no doubt that a confession, if
           usable under Section 15 of the TADA, would not  become  unusable
           merely because the case is different or the crime is  different.
           If the confession covers that different  crime  it  would  be  a
           relevant item of evidence in the case in  which  that  crime  is
           under trial and it would then become admissible in the case.

      50.   It is neither contended that there was no  valid  invocation  of
      the provisions of TADA Act  in  Bombay  Bomb  Blast  case  nor  it  is
      submitted that on  the  date  when  A1  Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  made  his
      confession in Bombay Bomb Blast matter he was not  accused  of  having
      committed offences punishable under TADA Act.  Subsequent discharge of
      the accused at the instance  of  the  prosecution  under  Section  169
      Cr.P.C. would not in any way dilute or  diminish  the  value  of  such
      confession, if it  is  otherwise  admissible  in  law.  In  our  view,
      therefore, merely because the confession of A1 Dr. Jalees  Ansari  was
      recorded in a different matter and/or that he was discharged from that
      matter would not cause any inhibition for using such confession in the
      present matter,  if  the  confession  otherwise  passes  the  test  of
      admissibility in accordance with law.

      51.   Unlike the confessions of accused A9 Md.  Zaheeruddin,  A10  Md.
      Nisaruddin, A-11 Md. Shamsuddin and A-13 Md. Yusuf which  cannot  even
      be considered for want of legal sanction as described hereinabove, the
      confession of A1 can  certainly  be  taken  into  account,  if  it  is
      otherwise admissible in law.  At the same time the confessions  of  A5
      Afaque Khan and A8 Saleem  Ansari  are  difficult  to  be  taken  into
      account as substantive piece of evidence for want of any  material  as
      discussed hereinabove.


      52.   We now turn to the issue whether the provisions of TADA Act were
      validly invoked under Section 20A (1)  of  TADA  Act  in  the  present
      matter.  This issue will have bearing not only  on  the  admissibility
      and reliability of the confessions  of  accused  recorded  during  the
      investigation of the present matter but also as regards the conduct of
      the proceedings in the present matter.


      53.   Soon after the  blast  that  occurred  at  about  7.05  A.M.  on
      06.12.1993  at  Moula  Ali  Railway  Station  in  A.P.  Express,    an
      intimation  was received by PW-117 P. Chandrashekar  Reddy  Supdt.  of
      Police, Ranga Reddy Distt. from Police Control Room.  He  reached  the
      site at about  8.30A.M.  and  met  Radha  Krishna     S.H.O.  of  P.S.
      Malkajgari. He was appraised  of  the  fact  that  statement  of    an
      injured was recorded.  SHO Radha  Krishna  sought  his  permission  to
      register a case under TADA Act.  PW 117 P. Chandrashekhar  Reddy  then
      went to Malkajgiri Police and dictated proceedings Ext. P-450 invoking
      provisions of TADA Act.  The registration of the FIR itself under  the
      provisions of TADA Act was  thus  quite  prompt.  The  contemporaneous
      documentation shows clear invocation of the provisions of the TADA Act
      right at the inception.  In fact, when the cases were made over to CBI
      for investigation,  this  was  the  only  crime  which  already  stood
      registered under the provisions of TADA Act.  The cross-examination of
      PW 117 P. Chandrashekar Reddy does not in any manner raise  any  doubt
      about the version coming from PW  117  P.  Chandrashekar  Reddy.   We,
      therefore, accept that registration of crime under the  provisions  of
      TADA Act in Hyderabad Crime as valid and proper and that Ext.P-450 was
      correct exercise of power.

      54.     In respect  of  explosions  in  question,  initially  separate
      crimes  were  registered  and  except  the  one  concerning  Hyderabad
      explosion, provisions of TADA Act were  not  invoked.  However,  after
      reading Report Ext.P-506 emanating from FSL Ahmedabad and  other  case
      papers, PW-145 K.S. Nair found that the provisions of  TADA  Act  were
      attracted and, therefore, by his report  dated  08.01.1994  he  sought
      approval for addition provisions of TADA Act.  The report stated  that
      the opinion from FSL department indicated that explosive devices  were
      planted and the facts constituted offences punishable under TADA  Act.
      Further,  the  report  goes  on  to  highlight  sequential  nature  of
      explosions which had occurred in five  running  trains  simultaneously
      indicating existence of a deep rooted  conspiracy.    However,  before
      any action could be taken on this report, A-1 Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  was
      arrested in connection with  Bombay Bomb Blast case on 12.01.1994  and
      his interrogation revealed  his  involvement  in  the  blasts  in  the
      present matter. Both PW-145 K.S. Nair and PW-62 H.C.  Singh  therefore
      went to Mumbai.  When PW-62 H.C. Singh  reached  Mumbai,  PW-145  K.S.
      Nair who had already reached there, disclosed about the  interrogation
      of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari and  produced  a  copy  of  his  report  dated
      08.01.1993 seeking invocation of provisions of TADA Act in RC43(s)/93-
      Ahmedabad.   The endorsement  at  the  foot  of  that  report  in  the
      handwriting of PW-62 H.C. Singh which document was exhibited at Ext. P-
      246 is valid exercise of power invoking the provisions  of  TADA  Act.

 


      55.   Immediately on the next date, a fax message Ext. P-247 was  sent
      by H.C. Singh to Lucknow stating that  disclosure  of  A1  Dr.  Jalees
      Ansari revealed that offences were punishable under TADA Act and  that
      Sections of TADA Act be  invoked  in  RC43  and  44(s)/93/CBI/Lucknow.
      This communication also disclosed the roles of A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan
      and A4 M. Jamaal Alvi.  These two accused  were  immediately  arrested
      and applications Ext. P-518 and P-521 fled for  their  remand  clearly
      mention the provisions of Sections 3,  4  and  5  of  TADA  Act.  This
      contemporaneous material, therefore, fully establishes the  invocation
      of provisions of TADA Act and the existence of Exbs. P-246 and  P-247.
      The record further indicates that on the date when second  application
      Ext. P-521 was preferred, PW-62 H.C. Singh was present in Lucknow  and
      had disclosed the result of interrogation of  A1  Dr.  Jalees  Ansari.
      The application  Ext.  P-521  therefore  refers  to  all  details  and
      particulars gathered after such interrogation.  In the  circumstances,
      we have no hesitation to hold that orders invoking provisions of  TADA
      Act as evident from Ext. P-246  and  247  were  perfectly  valid.  The
      contemporaneous record also fully establishes and supports  this  part
      and  the  submission  that  these   approvals   were   brought   about
      subsequently is rejected.

      56.   We now deal with approval Ext. P-160 dated 15.01.1994.  Once  it
      became apparent that the explosions were part of a  single  conspiracy
      and the role of various accused became apparent from the interrogation
      of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari, the CBI  investigating  Team  at  Jaipur  was
      appraised of these  developments.   PW-34  Shankar  Surolia  therefore
      invoked the provisions of TADA Act vide Ext. P-160.  This order Ext. P-
      160 again refers to the disclosure coming from the interrogation of A-
      1 Dr. Jalees Ansari.  We do not find anything on record to  doubt  the
      correctness of said order Ext. P-160.  Viewed in the perspective  that
      it was the same agency that  was  investigating  into  five  different
      crimes where explosions had occurred in identical way, soon after  the
      disclosure by one of the conspirators  it  was  but  natural  for  any
      investigating team to deduce that not only were  the  acts  punishable
      under the provisions of TADA Act warranting invocation of TADA Act but
      also that these explosions were part of a single conspiracy.  It would
      be natural  in  the  circumstances  that  the  team  investigating  an
      individual case would, therefore, be  appraised  of  the  development.
      Ext.P-246 therefore logically led to similar invocation in other cases
      as well.   We thus do not find any inconsistency or infirmity  in  the
      invocation of provisions of TADA Act and accept such  invocation  vide
      Ext. P450, P246, P247 and P160 to be correct.


      57.  Having dealt with issues concerning prior approval for invocation
      of the provisions of TADA Act as well as admissibility of some of  the
      confessions recorded in cases where prior approval  was  found  to  be
      invalid, the orders of sanction issued under Section 20(A) 2  of  TADA
      Act must now be considered. In all there were four orders namely  Ext.
      P 432 dated 20.08.1994 by PW-107 K.Vijaya Rama Rao, Ext. PW- 438 dated
      14.04.1995 by PW-107 K.Vijaya Rama Rao, Ext. P 471 dated 25.07.1997 by
      PW-130 R.C.  Sharma  and  Ext.  P  469  dated  27.02.1998  by  PW  128
      Karthikeyan, who were Directors, CBI at the  relevant  time.  We  have
      gone through the testimony of these witnesses and the orders and we do
      not find any infirmity in their assessment and exercise of  power.  In
      fact these orders of sanction were not  seriously  questioned  by  the
      learned counsel appearing for the accused whose major emphasis was  as
      regards prior approvals as discussed above.

      58.   According to the prosecution the acts in question were part of a
      single conspiracy which was planned and executed in  following  stages
      and manner:-
           (i) February 1993 A1, A14 and one Nisar Ahmed Ansari (absconder)
           formed a group to take revenge for demolition of Babri Masjid.
           (ii) June 1993 A15 who used to meet A1, met  him  in  June  1993
           when A1 disclosed his intention to take revenge.  A15  took  his
           friend A9 and introduced him to A1.
           (iii) August 1993 A15 went to Gulbarga and informed A9  that  A1
           was reaching Gulbarga alongwith A8 the next  day.  During  their
           meeting A1 disclosed  his  plan  to  cause  bomb  explosions  at
           various places in Hyderabad. [In execution of such plan the bomb
           explosions did occur at Humayun Nagar P.S., Abid Road  P.S.  and
           Reservation Centre at  Secundeabad.  Separate  crimes  including
           Crime No.336 of 1993 were registered].
           (iv) August  1993  A1  acquired  70-80  Gelatine  Sticks,  25-30
           detonators and 25meter of fuse wire from A2.  A14  suggested  to
           cause bomb blasts in important trains on the  first  anniversary
           of demolition of Babri Masjid.
           (v) Aug-Sep 1993 A4, A  16  and  one  Mohd.  Tufail  (absconder)
           attended a meeting at Srinagar and decided to do terrorist  acts
           in State of Uttar Pradesh. A16 brought arms and ammunitions from
           Srinagar to Lucknow and delivered the same to A4.
           (vi)  Sept 1993 A16 also brought seven bombs,  a  pistol  and  7
           hand grandes to Lucknow.
           (vii) End of September 1993 In a meeting that took place at  the
           house of A4 in Lucknow which was attended by A1, A3, A6, A16 and
           others,  it was decided to cause bomb  blasts  on  5th  and  6th
           December 1993. A4 took the responsibility to cause  bomb  blasts
           in Rajdhani Express trains in State of Uttar  Pradesh  while  A1
           took the responsibility to cause bomb blasts in the western  and
           southern parts  of  the  country.  A1  also  agreed  to  arrange
           finances for the purpose.
           (viii)      Oct-Nov 1993 A11 from Gulbarga came to  Mumbai,  met
           A15 and informed that A1 had called him. The meeting took  place
           between A1 and A11.
           (ix) Nov 1993 A1 informed A14  regarding  plans  to  cause  bomb
           blasts in important trains  on  6.12.1993  in  association  with
           Mohd. Saleem, Tahir and others. It was decided to  cause  blasts
           in trains in Surat and A14 gave Rs. 2000/- to A1.
           (x) 14.11.1993 A reservation slip was filled and  signed  by  A1
           for reservation of a seat  from  Baroda  to  Delhi  in  Rajdhani
           Express leaving on 5.12.1993 for A7 in fictitious name  “Sameer”
           and for his return journey on 6.12.1993 in  Frontier  Mail  from
           Kota to Mumbai.
           (xi) 19.11.1993 A1 sent sum of Rs. 3000/- in  an  insured  cover
           form Mumbai to A3 to be handed over to A4.
           (xii) 21.11.1993 At the instructions of  A1,  Tahir  (absconder)
           went to Baroda for survey and to assess the security in Rajdhani
           Express. He stayed at Hotel Delux at Baroda.
           (xiii)  24.11.1993  A3  received  Rs.  3000/-  through   insured
           envelope sent by and gave the money to A4 who in  turn  used  it
           for purchase of bomb devices. A3 supplied explosives to A4.
           (xiv) End of 1993 A15 along with A9 and A11 went to the house of
           A1 who gave them bomb material and Rs.1500 in cash.
           (xv) 01.12.1993 At the instance of A1 one Md. Saleem (Absconder)
           went to Surat to survey Flying Queen train by booking a seat in
           a fictitious name “Sadiq”.
           (xvi) 02.12.1993 A1 booked three tickets in a bus leaving Mumbai
           on 4.12.1993 to Baroda.
           (xvii)      04.12.1993 As per instructions of A1, A7 along  with
           Md. Saleem (absconder) met A1 at the bus stand. A1  handed  over
           two bombs kept in a brief case and a bag to be planted in Flying
           Queen and Rajdhani Express. Thereafter A7 and Nisaar boarded the
           bus and left for Baroda. A14 also left for Baroda by  train  the
           same night.
           (xviii) 5th -6th December 1993 A4, A6 and one Hameed (absconder)
           went by bus to Kanpur and stayed in Hindu  Apna  Hotel.  A4  and
           Hameed went to the station, put a bomb in Delhi Howrah  Rajdhani
           Express while next morning A4, A6 and Hameed  put  the  bomb  in
           Howrah Delhi Rajdhani Express.
           Around the same time, A9, A10, A11, A12 andA13 went to Hyderabad
      from Gulbarga, stayed in Deccan lodge A12 and A13  Md.  Yusuf  planted
      the bomb in A.P. Express,  A15  planted  a  bomb  in  Bangalore  Kurla
      Express at Pune.


      59.   In order to prove its case, the prosecution relies on number  of
      exhibits and testimony of various witnesses. Though there is no direct
      evidence in the form of version coming from  any  witness  implicating
      any of the accused clearly as regards any of the  material  stages  as
      aforesaid, according to the prosecution  the  confessions  of  various
      accused as corroborated by circumstantial evidence are  sufficient  to
      establish its case. Confessions are thus the fulcrum of  the  case  of
      the prosecution which would then require consideration whether each of
      those confessions were correctly recorded in a manner known to law and
      to what extent those confessions can be relied upon.


      60.  Section 15 (1) of TADA  Act  expressly  makes  confession  of  an
      accused recorded  by  a  Police  Officer  admissible.  It  is  settled
      position in law that confession so recorded under Section  15  (1)  of
      TADA Act in accordance with statutory requirements and  conditions  in
      Rule 15 of TADA Rules is admissible  against  the  maker,  co-accused,
      abettor or a conspirator subject to conditions stipulated in a Proviso
      to Section 15 (1) of the Act. The confession so recorded in accordance
      with law and guidelines is taken as substantive piece of evidence  and
      can form the foundation or a basis for conviction of  the  maker,  co-
      accused, abettor or conspirator. Though the confession if found to  be
      recorded in conformity with the requirements of law can certainly form
      the basis of conviction as against the maker of such  confession,  the
      extent of reliability of such confession as against the co-accused has
      however  been treated with caution.  In State v. Nalini & Others  [9],
      Wadhwa J. made the following observations:-


                 “424. In view  of  the  above  discussions,  we  hold  the
         confessions of the accused in the present case to  be  voluntarily
         and validly made and under Section 15 of  TADA  confession  of  an
         accused is  admissible  against  a  co-accused  as  a  substantive
         evidence. Substantive evidence, however, does not necessarily mean
         substantial evidence. It is the quality of evidence that  matters.
         As to what value is to be  attached  to  a  confession  will  fall
         within the domain of appreciation of  evidence.  As  a  matter  of
         prudence, the court may look for some corroboration if  confession
         is to be used against a  co-accused  though  that  will  again  be
         within the sphere of appraisal of evidence.”


            Quadri J. struck a note of caution in para 706 as under:-


           “706. It is also to be  borne  in  mind  that  the  evidence  of
         confession of a co-accused is not required to be  given  on  oath,
         nor is it given in the presence of the accused, and  its  veracity
         cannot be tested by cross-examination. Though the evidence  of  an
         accomplice is free from these shortcomings yet an accomplice is  a
         person who having taken part in the commission of offence, to save
         himself, betrayed his former associates and placed  himself  on  a
         safer plank — “a position in which he can hardly fail  to  have  a
         strong bias in favour of the prosecution”,  the  position  of  the
         accused who has given confessional  statement  implicating  a  co-
         accused is that he has placed himself on the same plank  and  thus
         he sinks or sails along with the co-accused on the  basis  of  his
         confession. For these reasons, insofar as use of confession of  an
         accused against  a  co-accused  is  concerned,  rule  of  prudence
         cautions the judicial discretion that it  cannot  be  relied  upon
         unless corroborated generally by other evidence on record.”

 


      61.   We will now consider confessions given  by  the  Accused  (other
      than A6 and A12 whose cases are separated)  alongwith  other  material
      against each of them. It  must be stated at this stage that in  Kartar
      Singh v. State of Punjab[10] decided on 11.03.1994 this court had laid
      down certain guidelines in para 263 of its judgment.  The  confessions
      recorded after the date of the decision  will  have  therefore  to  be
      tested whether they are in keeping with the guidelines.


      62.   Re- A1 -- Dr. Jalees Ansari:


            It was submitted on behalf of the accused that  this  confession
      was brought about by coercion and torture and  that  the  accused  had
      retracted his confession on 21.04.1994 (vide Ext. D 154) and later  on
      09.01.1995 (Ext. D 153).  It was further submitted  that  the  accused
      was produced from the Police custody and remained  in  police  custody
      even after recording of the confession.


            The retraction dated 21.04.1994  stated  that  the  accused  was
      tortured, beaten and that his  signatures  were  forcefully  taken  on
      empty written and typed sheets under threats.   The  later  retraction
      dated 09.01.1995 stated that he was forced to sign on certain  papers,
      the written matter was neither described nor  shown  to  him.   It  is
      relevant  that  after  obtaining  his  custody  on   28.02.1994   from
      Designated  Court,  Bombay,  A1  was  produced  in  Ajmer   Court   on
      01.03.1994. Since the Judge presiding over the Designated Court was on
      leave, he was produced before Additional Sessions Judge who  gave  him
      two days remand. The accused was again produced before the  Designated
      Court on 4.03.1994 on which date he was remanded to judicial  custody.
      The proceedings dated 4.03.1994 bear the signature of A1,  which  fact
      is admitted by him. On none of these two dates any complaint was  made
      that either the accused was beaten or tortured or that his  confession
      was obtained by exercise of any threat or coercion.   The  retractions
      are also much later,  the  first  being  on  21.4.1994.   Having  gone
      through the confession which records the satisfaction of the recording
      officer  i.e.  PW  62  H.C.  Singh  about  the  voluntariness  of  the
      confession, the certificate appended thereto and  the  other  material
      circumstances we accept the confession to be  correctly  recorded  and
      reject the submission that it was not voluntarily recorded. The format
      of the confession is also consistent with the requirements of Rule  15
      of TADA Rules.


      62.1. Having found the confession to be  correctly  recorded,  we  now
      deal with the confession as  it  stands.   The  relevant  portions  of
      confession Ext.P-250 are as under:-
                 “It was around this time that I met one  Ashfaque  Khan  in
           the office  of  my  brother-in-law,  Shamim  Ansari  at  Ghafoor
           Manzil.  This was in the last week of Dec’90.  He was introduced
           to me as a mining contractor  from  Rajasthan  by  Javed  Ansari
           nephew of Shamim Ansari.  At that time the atmosphere in  Bombay
           was tense and we discussed about the plight of  muslims  in  the
           country.   Later  one  day  I  took  Ashfaque  Khan  to   nearby
           restaurant and  enquired  from  him  about  the  possibility  of
           getting explosives from Rajasthan. He  said  he  would  try  and
           arrange some explosive material for me. I noted down his address
           and telephone number and  also  gave  my  telephone  number  and
           address. Later after about 1 to 1-1/2 months I telephone to  him
           and enquired about the explosive materials. He told me  that  he
           has not been able to arrange the materials. I told him  to  try.
           Later I went to Dausa on my way to Delhi. He was still not  able
           to arrange the material. He however gave me 2-3 detonators which
           he was having.  He  also  explained  to  me  the  use  of  these
           detonators. I then went to Delhi and Pilkhua. On my way  back  I
           again haulted at Dausa for some time. When I gave  my  telephone
           Number and address to Ashfaque I had told him that I  may  speak
           to him in the name of Abdullah. I had told him that on telephone
           he should call for me by the name Abdullah. On  my  way  back  I
           stayed in Dausa for some time and come  back  to  Bombay.  Later
           sometime in June’93 I again telephoned to Ashfaque from  Bombay.
           This time he told me that he had arranged for some  material.  I
           then went to him after 10-12 days. Ashfaque Khan gave  me  about
           70-80 Gelatine sticks. 25-30 detonators and some  fuse  wire.  I
           gave him about Rs. 2500/- to 3000/-  for  this.  I  had  earlier
           given him about Rs. 800/- during my earlier visit. In all as far
           as I remember I gave him about Rs. 4000/- in all. These Gelatine
           sticks were used for the  bomb  blast  at  Railways  Reservation
           Centre, Secunderabad, Gamdevi Police Station Bombay, in a  local
           train at Matunga Rly. Stn. And the bomb  blast  in  trains  near
           kota    (Rajdhani    Exp.),    Surat    (Flying    Queen)    and
           Secunderabad/Hyderabad (A.P. Exp.) on 6.12.1993.


                 Sometimes in Mid’93 one Aizaz of Gulbarga, who was  working
           with a travel agent Tawakkal travels, became friendly  with  me.
           In short period I took him  into  confidence  and  discussed  my
           plans with him. He took lot of interst and told me that some  of
           his friends in Gulbarga were also interested in learning the use
           of explosives and making bombs. He went to Gulbarga and spoke to
           his friends. He also introduced me to  one  Ahmed  of  Gulbarga.
           Sometime in Aug’93, Saleem r/o  Madanpura  and  myself  went  to
           Gulbarga, where we met Aizaz, Ahmed  and  one  Azeem.  I  taught
           Aizaz and Ahmed how to make bombs. I then came to Hyderabad with
           Ahmed and Saleem, where I was introduced  to  one  Shamsuddin  @
           Baba painter of Gulbarga. We  caused  two  bomb  blasts  at  two
           Police Stations in Hyderabad. I had left  Hyderabad  before  the
           actual bomb blasts took place. Later the bomb blast  at  Railway
           Reservation Centre was done by Shamsuddin @Baba Painter  on  his
           own. He had taken the material from me in Bombay.


                 Abdul Karim had once told me that he knows  one  Dr.  Mohd.
           Habib of Rae Bareilli, who was also interested in taking up  the
           cause of Muslims and some direct action against  the  Govt.  and
           majority Hindu Community. Abdul Karim had stayed in Rae Bareilli
           for some time. One Abdul Hamid  s/o  Hakim  Obaidullah  who  was
           working in my dispensary also told me  that  Dr.  Habib  of  Rae
           Bareilli was his grand uncle (Nana). Sometimes in April, 93 when
           I was going to my village in UP I  went  to  Rae  Bareilli  from
           Lucknow and met Dr.  Habib  on  reference  of  Abdul  Karim.  We
           discussed about the plight of Muslims and the plans  of  causing
           disruptive activities which I was having in my mind. I asked him
           if he could arrange for some weapons  and  other  materials  for
           bombs. Dr.  Habib told  me that he would  introduce  me  to  one
           Jamal Alvi of Lucknow who was also interested in such activities
           and can arrange for some materials. I stayed for a night at  Rae
           Bareilli and came to Lucknow with Dr. Habib and met  Jamal  Alvi
           at his residence. When Dr. Habib introduced me to Jamal Alvi  he
           told me that he (Jamal Alvi) had earlier met me at a library  in
           Bombay. I however did not recollect  this  meeting.  During  our
           discussions Jamal Alvi told me that he had some links with  some
           people and Organisations in Kashmir who can  arrange  supply  of
           some weapons. From Lucknow I went to my village and from there I
           went to Nepal and met  Mirza  Dilshad  Beg,  Member  of  Nepal’s
           Parliament and spoke to him about getting some weapons as I  had
           heard that he was also dealing in such items.  Beg did not  give
           much importance. On my return I again met Jamal Alvi at Lucknow.
           During our meeting we decided to carry out some  bomb  blast  on
           31/7/93. Jamal Alvi told me that he would do something  on  that
           day at Lucknow. Later I came back to Bombay and could  not  meet
           Alvi for a long time. During this period I decided  to  postpone
           the date from 31/7/93. Jamal Alvi  told  me  that  he  would  do
           something on that day at Lucknow. Later I came  back  to  Bombay
           and could not meet Alvi for a long time. During  this  period  I
           decided to postpone the date from 31/7/93 to 13/8/93, just a few
           days before Independence  Day  so  that  the  bomb  blast  would
           attract more attention of the Govt. I sent this message to  Alvi
           at Lucknow who agreed to the proposal. I proceeded with my plans
           and arranged for bomb blasts at two Police Stations in Hyderabad
           and Azad Maidan Police Station in  Bombay  on  13/8/93.  I  also
           arranged for a bomb blast in Bombay on 11/8/93. I had  used  the
           name “Crush India Force” for these activities.


                 After this I met Jamal Alvi at Lucknow in  Sept’93.  I  had
           gone to the residence of  Jamal  Alvi  with  Dr.  Habib  of  Rae
           Bareilli towards the end of Sep’93. During  my  visit  to  Jamal
           Alvi’s house a meeting was held in which Jamal Alvi, Dr.  Habib,
           myself and 3-4 other boys of Jamal Alvi’s  group  were  present.
           Two of these boys were Afaq and Tuffail. One Kari, who  I  later
           came to know was from a village  close  to  my  native  village,
           joined us later. Jamal Alvi had told me Kari  stays  in  Kashmir
           and is a representative of Hizbul Mujahidben. During the meeting
           the condition of Muslims particularly after  the  demolition  of
           Babri Masjid and the attitude of Govt. was discussed and it  was
           decided that something should be done on 6/12/93 to remember the
           demolition of Babri Masjid one year ago  and  remind  the  Govt.
           that the issue was alive. I suggested that we should cause  bomb
           blasts in prestigious trains like Rajdhani Express so  that  the
           upper class of Society which is mostly from Hindu  Community  is
           affected. Killing or injuring of some  people  in  trains  would
           terrorize the people and govt.  and  attract  lot  of  publicity
           also. Initially Dr. Habib and Afaq  and  some  others  were  not
           agreeable to his as they felt that some innocent lives would  be
           lost. Later, they all agreed as it was felt that  demolition  of
           Babri  Masjid  was  an  issue  on  which  some  lives  could  be
           sacrificed and all of us should be united on this issue.  During
           the meeting Jamal Alvi took  the  responsibility  of  organizing
           bomb blasts in prestigious trains like Rajdhani Express in UP. I
           agreed to organize bomb blasts in trains in other parts  of  the
           county. Some of those present also raised the question of  funds
           for purchasing tickets etc. for trains and materials for  making
           bombs. I then offered to contribute Rs. 3000/- and said  that  I
           would sent the amount from Bombay either to Jamal  Alvi  or  Dr.
           Habib. After the meeting Kari  showed  me  one  imported  pistol
           which he had brought  from  Kashmir.  He  also  showed  me  some
           packets of explosives. He had kept these  in  a  box  in  Alvi’s
           house where some books were kept. Later, when  Kari  and  myself
           came out for tea in a nearby hotel, he (Kari) told  me  that  he
           was to go to Jaipur to carry out some explosions in Johri  Bazar
           and Hawa Mahal. As he was short of some funds  I  gave  him  Rs.
           500/-. During this visit I also deposited an application for  my
           passport, with a travel Agent. I was taken there by Afaq who has
           a training institute in  the  same  building.  In  the  passport
           application I had given the address of my native village.


                 After coming back to Bombay I  started  preparing  for  the
           bomb blasts to be carried out  on  6.12.1993.  I  discussed  the
           decision that was taken at Lucknow with Jamal  Alvi  and  others
           with my  associates  Shamim,Tahir,  Saleem  and  Amin  who  were
           agreeable to the plan. I also spoke to Aizaz who was working  in
           Bombay and through him called for Ahmed of Gulbarga. I discussed
           the plan with Ahmed when he came to  see  me  at  Bombay  later.
           After returning back Ahmed sent Shamsuddin @ Baba Painter to see
           me at Bombay. I discussed the plan with him. As he was agreeable
           to the plan  I  gave  him  one  bomb  which  was  in  unfinished
           condition. He took this to Gulbarga. This was about  15-20  days
           before 6.12.1993. Later, Shamsuddin came back  around  1.12.1993
           and asked for one more bomb, which he said he would get  planted
           in a train at Gulbarga through Aizaz, who had by  then  returned
           to Gulbarga. Shamsuddin @ Baba had told me that he  would  plant
           one bomb in A.P. Express at the same day. I  gave  one  bomb  to
           Shasuddin on 2.12.1993. He left on the same  day.  Meanwhile,  I
           had decided to plant Bombs in Rajdhani Express  from  Bombay  to
           Delhi and Flying Queen from Surat to Bombay. I had decided  that
           Shamim Tahirer and Saleem would plant  bombs  in  these  trains.
           Saleem had gone to Surat and booked a seat for  himself  in  the
           name Sadiq on 1.12.1993 in 2nd Class of Flying Queen Express  of
           6.12.1993. I had also reserved a seat for Shamim in  Pantry  car
           of Rajdhani Express  Bombay  to  New  Delhi  on  5/12/1993.  The
           reservation was in the name of Samir. As per the plan Shamim was
           to board the train at Baroda and get down at Kota, after putting
           on the timer device of the bomb. He was to return back from Kota
           Frontier Mail on 6.2.1993 itself. For this  I  had  purchased  a
           return journey ticket from Kota to Bombay in first class in  the
           name of Samir. The money for these tickets was paid by me. Tahir
           was to accompany Shamim  and  Saleem  as  a  helping  hand  upto
           Baroda. As per plan I had also booked three  tickets  in  a  bus
           from Bombay to  Baroda  on  4.12.1993.  According  to  the  plan
           Shamim, Tahir and Saleem left Bombay by bus.  I  gave  them  two
           bombs, one for Rajdhani Express and one for  Flying  Queen  Exp.
           One bomb was in a Air Bag and the other in a Alfa Brief case. On
           4.12.1993 when these persons were  to  leave  Saleem  felt  that
           there should be one more person for his help. As Amin  was  keen
           to go it was decided that he would assist Saleem. As  there  was
           no reservation for him in bus he left for Baroda by  train.  All
           the four persons were to meet at a hotel in  Baroda.  Tahir  had
           earlier gone to Baroda some days earlier to assess the  security
           in Rajdhani Express. He had then selected a  hotel  where  these
           persons were to stay.


                 As per the plan Shamim  boarded  the  Rajdhani  Express  at
           Baroda with the bomb. Tahirer returned  back  after  seeing  off
           Shamim. Saleem and  Amin  travelled  upto  Surat,  Where  Saleem
           planted the bomb in the train at Surat  Station.  Later  ,  both
           Saleem and Amin came back to Bombay, Shamim came back to  Bombay
           a day later. I remained at Bombay on 6/12/1993. After  returning
           back Shamim, Tahir and Amin reported the developments to  me.  I
           enquired from them whether they were all right.


                 During this period I did not know as to how Jamal Alvi  had
           planned for the bomb blast in UP. I only heard the news  through
           the media. After coming back from Lucknow I had  sent  Rs.3000/-
           by post to Dr. Habib for passing on the amount to Jamal Alvi  at
           Lucknow for the bomb blast proposed  for  6/12/1993  during  the
           meeting at Lucknow in Sept’93. I had sent the  amount  sometimes
           in mid Nov’93 but I had not received any information about their
           exact plan. Around 10/12/1993, Jamal Alvi, came to my  house  at
           Bombay and informed me about the bomb blasts in Rajdhani Express
           trains done by him. I enquired from him whether the blasts  were
           not powerful as no persons had been  killed.  Later,  Shamsuddin
           and Azim also came to Bombay. They told  me  the  bomb  in  A.P.
           Express was planted by Azim as Shamsuddin was not well that day.
           They also told me that Aizaz had kept  one  bomb  in  Bangalore-
           Kurla Express which did not explode. Later, I came to know  that
           his bomb had been thrown out from the train by passenger.


           ….Sometimes in early December before the bomb blast in trains on
           6/12/93 Abdul Karim had also come  to  Bombay,  I  disclosed  my
           plans for 6/12/93, he then told me that we should  do  something
           at Delhi on 26/1/94, so that some  important  persons  could  be
           killed for creating terror.  I agreed to this and told him  that
           I would do something.  Later I got preoccupied with my plans for
           15/1/94 and did not give much thought for preparing any plan for
           26/1/94.


           I was arrested by CBI on 13/1/1994. Few days before my arrest  I
           had  given  on  bag  containing  some  arms-revolvers,   Kattas,
           cartridges etc. to my younger  brother  Laeeq  Ansari  for  safe
           custody. The remaining arms explosives out of the lot,  which  I
           had procured from time to time were in  my  residence  and  were
           seized by CBI.”


      62.2. The aforesaid confession Ext.P-250 deals with and  throws  light
      as  regards  all  stages  of  the  conspiracy  as  projected  by   the
      Prosecution.  It further shows the involvement and the important  role
      played by this accused at every stage.  He was the mastermind and main
      architect  of  the  conspiracy.   The  confession  refers   to   three
      circumstances in respect of which material is available on record. (1)
      Amount of Rs.3,000/-  sent by A1 to A3 (2)  Application  for  passport
      made by A1 and (3) Reservation made by him in the name  of  Sameer  in
      Rajdhani Express.


      62.3  The insured envelope in which amount of  Rs.3,000/-   sent   was
      brought on record at Ext. P-230 which bears No.0540 and  was  sent  by
      “Dr. Mohd. Jalees BTT Chawl” addressed to “Dr. Habib, Kaharonka  Adda,
      Rae Bareily” and bears stamp of “HANSROAD P.O.” with date  19.11.1993.
      PW 55  A.L. Lad, Postal Assistant,  Hans  Road  Post  Office  Byculla,
      Mumbai was examined to prove Ext. P-230  and  the  fact  that  insured
      parcel  of  the  value  of  Rs.3,000/-  was  sent  to  Dr.  Habib,  as
      aforestated.  Ext.P-172 is a document from  Rae  Bareili  Post  Office
      with endorsement in Hindi, which according to prosecution was  in  the
      hand-writing of A 3 Dr. Habib, to the following effect:
                 “Ek Kita No.540 Kimti 3,000/- (Teen Hajaar) ka  seal  band
           Durust Paya.”
                                                     Sd/-
                                                   Dr. Habib

            PW 37 Ganga Narayan, Post Man at Head Office, Rae Bareili stated
      that he had made  endorsement  at  Ext.P-172  after  the  writing  and
      Signature of A3 Dr. Habib and that the writing and the signature  were
      put by A3 in front of him.  PW38 Swami Dayal, who at the relevant time
      was working as clerk in the Post Office at  Rae  Bareili  also  stated
      that the writing and the signature of A3 as well as the attestation by
      PW37 Ganga Narayan was done in his presence.


      62.4  Application for Passport made by A1 is on record vide  Ext.P-187
      with the photograph and signatures of A1.  The  prosecution  has  also
      placed on record the receipt dated 28.09.1993 acknowledging receipt of
      Rs.3,000/- issued by Passport Office Lucknow  which  is  at  Ext.P187.
      PW41 Tahir Raza Abdi, Travel Agent  has  stated  that  A1  Dr.  Jalees
      Ansari had come to him around on 27.09.1993 with A5 Afaque Khan with a
      request to make his passport.  The witness further stated that he  had
      obtained signatures of A1 on the photograph and  on  the  application.
      Relevant documentation namely, the entries in his register  at  Ext.P-
      189 with entry regarding A1 was also placed on record.    His  brother
      PW42 Sikandar Mirza proved the relevant entries in  the  register  and
      the fact that he had deposited fee of Rs.300 in the Passport Office on
      28.09.1993.  The fact that A1 was in Lucknow  around  28.09.1993  thus
      stands established.

      62.5  The prosecution has examined PW16 Smt. Vijaya  Dev  Prakash  who
      was working as Enquiry-cum-Reservation Clerk at Bombay Central Railway
      Station at the relevant time.  The witness stated that she had  issued
      ticket in the name of “Sameer” on the basis of Reservation Slip Ext.P-
      59 and the passenger was allotted Seat No.1 in Compartment PC-2.


      62.6  The opinion of the hand writing  expert  at  Ext.P-290  and  the
      testimony of  PW133  Dr.  S.C.  Mittal,  hand-writing  expert  further
      establishes that the writings in question  on  insured  envelope  Ext.
      P230, Passport Receipt Ext.P-187 and Reservation Slip  Ext.P-159  were
      in the hand-writing of A1.


      62.7  Further, visiting card Ext.P-159 was recovered from the house of
      A2 Ashfaque Khan at Dausa vide Seizure Memo  Ext.P-158  which  seizure
      was proved through PW32 R.D. Kalia, Inspector, CBI, Jaipur.   Visiting
      Card Ext.P-159 of Dr. Jalees  Ansari  bears  telephone  No.  “3055704”
      against “Dr. Abdullah”. Both these writings have been found by  PW-133
      hand-writing expert to be of A1.


            These  circumstances  through  documentary  evidence  on  record
      stand proved and lend  sufficient corroboration  to  the  contents  of
      confession Ext. P-250. On the  strength  of  his  confession  and  the
      corroborating material, the  case  of  the  Prosecution  stands  fully
      established against A1.

      63.  Re: A-2  Ashfaque Khan
            A2 was arrested on 16.04.1994  and  the  arrest  memo  Ext.P-161
      shows that the offence was one under the provisions of TADA  Act.   He
      was produced on 17.01.1994 and remanded to police custody.  After  his
      confession was recorded on 28th and 29th January, 1994 vide Ext.P-248,
      he was produced on 09.02.1994 and remanded to  judicial  custody.   No
      objection was taken nor any complaint was made when  he  was  produced
      before the judicial officer on 09.02.1994 or soon thereafter while  he
      was in judicial custody.  His retraction Ext.D-159 is dated 20.08.1995
      nearly one and a half year later and states that his  signatures  were
      obtained on blank papers after he was badly tortured and that  he  had
      never given any  confessional  statement.   Considering  the  fact  no
      complaint was made on the day he was produced and the  retraction  for
      the first time was done nearly one and half year later, we reject  the
      submission that  the  confession  was  brought  about  by  torture  or
      coercion.  We have gone through the  confession  and  the  certificate
      appended thereto and  the  examination  of  PW62  and  find  that  the
      confession is completely in conformity with the  requirement  of  law.
      We therefore consider the confession  Ext.248  to  be  admissible  and
      reliable.


      63.1  The confession Ext.P-248 states inter-alia:
                 “Dr. Jalees Ansari had enquired about the  materials  used
           in mines for the blasting purpose and asked that he  needed  the
           explosives  used for blasting.  He  asked  me  whether  I  could
           arrange for the same.  I told him that sending the materials was
           quite difficult.  Dr. Jalees Ansari told that even than  try  to
           get it .  He told me that he, often visited Delhi and will  meet
           me in Dausa.  He had taken  my  address  and  telephone  number.
           20803.  Jalees Ansari also gave me his card, which has just been
           shown to me.  He has written the word “ABDULLAH’ in the card and
           stated that he will  call  over  phone  by  name  Abdullah.   So
           understand that it was his phone call.


                 In Bombay when Dr. Jalees Ansari talked about religion and
           stated that “Islam is in Danger” then I came under his influence
           and agreed to collect the explosive materials.  When I asked him
           what he will do of it, he told that  do  not  bother  about  it.
           There was a talk with Dr. Jalees Ansari in  the  restaurant  and
           thereafter 2-3 days I came back to Dausa.”


                 “On my reaching Dausa, often about 1 to  1-1/2  month  Dr.
           Jalees  Ansari  called  me  to  Dausa   at  my  residence   over
           telephone.  He enquired about the explosive  material.   I  told
           him that so far it could not be arranged.  He told me to try  to
           get the same and stated that he will be coming to Dausa after  a
           few days.  After 15-20 days Dr. Jalees  Ansari  came  to  me  in
           Dausa. After coming to Dausa Dr. Jalees Ansari  asked  me  about
           explosives materials.  I told him that so far it co7uld  not  be
           arranged.  Then he asked about SAMAAN and asked me to  show  it.
           At that time I was having 2-3 blank damaged TOPI, I  showed  the
           same  to  Dr.  Ansari.   I  told  him  hot  to  use   the   TOPI
           (detonators).  These blank TOPIs were taken away by  Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari.  He gave  me  approx.  Rs.800/-  and  told  that  I  may
           continue efforts for the materials.  He will again ring  me  and
           meet me if he came there.


                 Dr. Jalees Ansari stayed at my  residence  for  about  one
           night and one day.  He had asked not to  introduce  him  to  any
           one.  Dr. Jalees Ansari went to Delhi  from  there.   After  1-2
           days, while returning from  Delhi  he  again  stayed  at  Dausa.
           After staying for the night at Dausa  he  went  to  Bombay  from
           Jaipur. Again Dr. Jalees was talking about  the  communal  riots
           held in Bombay while he was in Dausa and instigated my feelings.
            Due to this I decided to give him the explosive materials.”
                                   …………………

                 “I  took  the  above  materials  and  after  some  days,  a
           telephone call of Dr. Jalees Ansari came from Bombay.  He  asked
           me about the explosive materials.  I told him that the  material
           had been arranged.  Dr. Jalees Ansari told that after some  days
           he would be coming to Dausa.  After 10-12 days Dr. Jalees Ansari
           came to dausa.


           ……I gave materials to him which I had bought from village  Guddu
           Chadar.  He was having some money in his pocket and gave to  me.
           He told that it was Rs.4000/- including the money which  he  had
           given earlier.”


                                 ..………………..

                 “Dr. Jalees Ansari  instigated  my  religious  feelings  by
           talking about religion. He used to speak ill of Hindus, that  is
           why I come under his influence. Due  to  this  I  collected  the
           explosive materials and gave him. I was knowing from  his  talks
           that he was collecting these materials for making bomb etc.  and
           will utilize it  for  illegal  purpose  but  I  came  under  his
           influence.”

 


      63.2 During the search of the house of A2 a  visiting  card  Ext.P-159
      and a diary were recovered vide Seizure Memo Ext. P-159.  The  seizure
      memo was proved by PW-32 Inspector R.D. Kalia.   The  Diary  Ext.P-157
      bears the name and telephone number of “Abdullah”.  According  to  the
      hand writing expert’s opinion Ext.P-290 and the  testimony  of  PW-133
      Dr. S.C. Mittal Hand Writing Expert this writing in Diary  Ext.  P-157
      was in the hand writing of A2 Ashfaque Khan.


      63.3 The recovery of visiting card Ext.P-159 which  was  found  to  be
      having writing of A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari as stated hereinabove  and  the
      Diary Ext.P-157 lend sufficient corroboration to the  statements  made
      in the confession Ext.P-248.    The  confession  of  A2  stands  fully
      corroborated by circumstances on record and by the confession of A1and
      the case against him stands fully established.

 

 


      64. Re: A-3  Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan


            Ext. 247 Fax message had named  A3  who  was  then  arrested  on
      14.01.1994  from  Rai  Bareili  and  produced  before   the   Judicial
      Magistrate of Lucknow.  As directed by the Judicial Magistrate, he was
      then produced before TADA Court on  17.01.1994  which  by  its  orders
      dated 17.01.1994 and 22.01.1994 remanded him to police custody.  While
      in custody he was taken to Delhi where his confession Ext.  P-251  was
      recorded on 12.02.1994 and 13.02.1994. He  was  remanded  to  judicial
      custody on 19.02.1994.  The retraction for the first time was made  on
      25.08.1994 vide Ext. D 142 and later on 09.01.1995 vide Ext. D157.  In
      his first retraction the accused claimed that he  had  not  given  any
      confessional statement at all.  In the subsequent  retraction  it  was
      alleged that the accused was tortured physically and mentally and that
      during his remand period he  was  forced  to  make  some  confessional
      statement and forced to sign on certain written papers and  some blank
      papers. Neither when the accused was presented  before  the  concerned
      Court which remanded him to judicial custody nor till 09.01.1995,  any
      allegation of physical torture was ever made. We have gone through the
      confessional statement and the certificate appended  thereto  and  are
      satisfied that the confession so recorded was in conformity  with  the
      requirements of law. We therefore reject submission advanced on behalf
      of accused and find the confessional statement  to  be  admissible  in
      law.


      64.1  The relevant portions of the confession of A3  Dr.  Habib  Ahmed
      Khan are as under:-


           “…. I live in Kaharo  Ka  Adda,  Raibareli.  I  am  Homeopthetic
           doctor and practice on my own. I did my High School  from  Govt.
           Inter College Rai  Bareli  in  1954  and  registered  myself  as
           Registered Medical Practitioner in 1954.


                 In the last week of Sept. 93 myself and Dr. Ansari met.  We
           both went together to the residence of Jamal Alvi. On  that  day
           Tuffail, Afaque, Irfan and one or two more boys were sitting  in
           the house of Jamal Alvi. After sometime, the  Kari  also  joined
           there. We held a discussion over the  atrocities  and  injustice
           meted out to  Muslims.  A  discussion  was  held  regarding  the
           insecurity feeling of Muslims  after  the  demolition  of  Babri
           Masjid and attitude of the Govt.  towards  Muslims  and  it  was
           decided that there should be some action so  that  the  Govt.  I
           terrorized and it should be remembered that the matter of  Babri
           Masjid is alive. Dr. Jalees Ansari suggested that on  6.12.1993,
           the day when the demolition of Babri Masjid would  complete  one
           year, bombs explosion should  be  caused  in  important  running
           Rajdhani  Trains  of  the  country.  So  that  Govt.   will   be
           terrorized. It was the thinking of Jaless Ansari that  generally
           the high class people used to travel by these  trains  and  that
           too maximum Hindus. It will have more impact when the people  of
           this class will die in bomb explosions and  the  anger,  Muslims
           are having would get more publicity. Initially myself  and  some
           others who were in the  meeting,  did  not  agree.  It  was  our
           suggestion that by doing this  some  innocent  people  may  lose
           their lives. But after sometime it was decided that we should be
           united in this matter concerning Babri Masjid and  there  should
           be some action which could terrorize the people of  the  country
           and Govt. irrespective of the livee of certain  public.  At  the
           end we all agreed to the proposal of Dr.  Jalees  Ansari.  Jamal
           Alvi took the responsibility  for  causing  bomb  explosions  in
           trains in other parts of the country. Some  members  present  in
           the meeting raised the problems of funds for the procurements of
           explosive for causing explosions and for procurement of  tickets
           and raised the points that from where the  money  will  come  to
           meet the expenditure. Dr. Jales Ansari told that  he  will  give
           Rs. 3000/- Dr. Jaless Ansari told that either he will  send  Rs.
           3000/- to Jamal Alvi or to me. Then I also told that I will give
           money in case it is not collected  from  anywhere.  I  told  for
           giving Rs. 3000/-.


                 We all people dispersed and thereafter Dr.  Jalees  Ansari
           sent me Rs. 3000/- by post on around 18-20th Nov.  I  gave  this
           money to Jamal Alvi in Lucknow. During these  days  only  I  met
           Kari in Lucknow. Kari gave me three packets  of  explosives  and
           told that it can catch fire after the pouring of acid and it can
           cause explosions. He told me that it contained some  potash  and
           sugar. I gave all the 3 packets to Jamal Alvi after sometime.  I
           told him how to cause explosion from it. I told him  that  while
           keeping the bombs in trains and also keep these packets, because
           if in case the timing device would fail these packets can  cause
           explosions by getting fire.”

      64.2  As stated above, insured envelope Ext. P 230 was sent by A1  Dr.
      Jalees Ansari to this accused and Ext. P  172,  a  document  from  Rai
      Barelli Post Office bears  endorsement  in  Hindi  and  signature.  As
      regards the receipt on insured envelope. PW 37 Ganga  Narayan,  PW  38
      Swami Dayal have testified that the endorsement in the Hindi appearing
      at Ext. P 172 was made by A3 who also signed in their presence. PW 132
      H.L. Mukhi Hand Writing Expert has deposed that  the  endorsement  and
      the signature in question were that of A3.


      64.3 The aforesaid circumstances lend complete  corroboration  to  the
      relevant  contents  of  the  confessional  statement  Ext.  P251.  The
      confession of A1 also  lends  complete  corroboration.  The  role  and
      involvement of A3 Dr. Habib Ahmed Khan in the conspiracy  thus  stands
      established.


      65. Re:- A4 M. Jamal Alvi.


           This accused was arrested on the same  date  like  A3.   He  was
      produced before the Judicial Magistrate  on  15.01.1994  who  directed
      that he be produced before the Designated Court, Kanpur which after he
      was so  produced,  by  its  orders  dated  17.01.1994  and  22.01.1994
      remanded him to police custody.  While  in  custody  his  confessional
      statement Ext. P-253 was recorded on 18.02.1994  and  19.02.1994.  The
      accused submitted retraction on 25.8.1994 vide Ext. D 144 and later on
      09.01.1995 vide Ext. D-155.   These  retractions  submitted  that  the
      confessional statement  of  the  accused  was  obtained  by  coercion,
      misrepresentation, fraud and by using third degree  methods.   However
      no complaint or objections was made  when  the  accused  was  sent  to
      judicial custody on 19.02.1994  or  soon  thereafter.   We  have  gone
      through the confessional statement where  warning  was  given  to  the
      accused and satisfaction about voluntariness was recorded and  through
      the certificate appended to the confessional statement.  In  our  view
      there  is  no  infirmity  on  any  count.  We  therefore  reject   the
      submissions  advanced  on  behalf  of  the  accused   and   hold   the
      confessional statement Ext. P-253 to be admissible and reliable.


      65.1  The relevant portions of the confessional statement Ext.  P  253
      are as under:-
                 “I studied at St. John’s College Agra, from  where  I  did
           M.Com in 1963. Later I went to Bombay and joined as Lecturer  in
           JMC Anjuman College of Commerce, Bombay. After  a  few  years  I
           left the job and started my own business which I left  in  1970,
           after my partner expired. In 1970, I did MA in Political Science
           from Poona University and in 1973 I did  MA  in  Economics  also
           from Poona University.


                 About a year back, sometimes in March-April’93,  Dr.  Habib
           of Rae Bareilli came to my house at Lucknow with one Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari, who is originally a resident  of  Distt.  Basti  and  is
           presently residing at Bombay.  On meeting Dr.  Jalees  Ansari  I
           was reminded of a person similar to Dr. Ansari, whom I  had  met
           at Bombay, I told Dr. Jalees that  I  had  earlier  met  him  at
           Bombay.  However Dr. Jalees denied meeting me  earlier.   During
           the meeting Dr. Jalees spoke about the plights of muslims in the
           country and the atrocities committed during the  communal  riots
           particularly after the demolition of the Babri  Masjid  and  the
           need for taking some action to  terrorise  the  Government.   He
           also asked me if I could arrange for some  arms  and  explosives
           for him.  I told him that I know some persons who had links with
           some militant groups in Kashmir and they may be able to  arrange
           some arms and explosives for him.  After a few days  Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari again came to me and discussed about his plans  to  carry
           out some bomb blasts  in  Jul-Aug’93.   He  also  wanted  me  to
           organize some bomb blasts on fixed dates at Lucknow also.


                 Later, sometimes towards the end of  Sept’93,  Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari again  came  to  my  residence  with  Dr.  Habib  of  Rae
           Bareilli. On that day a number  of  boys  who  came  to  me  for
           coaching or borrowing books for binding etc. were  present.  Dr.
           Jalees Ansari started a discussion on the injustice meted out to
           muslim community on the issue of  Babri  Masjid,  the  situation
           created out of communal riots and the economic condition of  the
           muslims. He wanted me to come out openly against the  Govt.  and
           assist him in his terrorist and  subversive  activities,  as  my
           efforts  in  voicing  the  grievances  of  the   community   and
           protesting agsint the attitude of the Govt. through articles  in
           Newspapers, magazines and books had failed.  Dr.  Jalees  Ansari
           also spoke to the boys present during the meeting  namely  Afaq,
           Tuffail, Irfan and Hameed, they became  very  enthusiastic.  Dr.
           Jalees then suggested to all of us present there that  something
           drastic should be done to remind the Govt. that  the  Shrine  of
           Babri Masjid was alive and injustice was being done to  muslims.
           He also suggested that  to  start  with  bomb  blasts  could  be
           carried out in important trains like  Rajdhani  Express  through
           out the country on  6.12.1993,  the  first  anniversary  of  the
           demolition of the Babri Masjid to terrorise the  Govt.  and  the
           people and avenge the demolition of Babri Masjid. He  said  that
           mostly people from the upper class who  are  from  the  majority
           Hindu community travel in these trains.  If  some  persons  from
           this class are killed or  injured,  it  will  create  a  lot  of
           impact. Initially this proposal was opposed by me and some other
           present in the meeting, on the ground that by such  bomb  blasts
           some innocent people may be killed. By that time ‘Kari’ had also
           joined the meeting. He agreed to the suggestion  of  Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari. He also asked me and others to agree to  the  suggestion
           as Babri Masjid was  an  issue  on  which  everybody  should  be
           united. Later,   Dr. Jalees Ansari  asked  me  to  take  up  the
           responsibility of carrying  out  the  bomb  blasts  in  Rajdhani
           Express trains in UP. And he would organize the bomb  blasts  in
           other parts of the country. I was not agreeing to this also, but
           ‘Kari’ told me that he will arrange everything and I  only  have
           to supervise the work of the boys, who will carry out the  work.
           He told me not to bother, so I agreed to the suggestion  of  Dr.
           Jalees. I also raised the question of funds for organizing these
           bomb blasts. Dr. Jalees Ansari then offered to give Rs.  3000/-.
           He said he would send the money either to me or to Dr. Habib who
           would give the amount to me. Dr.  Habib  also  told  us  not  to
           bother about money. He said that if funds are not  available  he
           would contribute Rs. 3000/-.


                 Later, sometimes in Nov’93, Dr. Habib came to me and  gave
           me Rs. 3000/-, which Dr. Ansari had sent to him. He also gave me
           three packets containing  some explosives,  which  he  said  can
           catch fire after sometime if acid is put  in it.  He  said  that
           this can be used to cause bomb blast in case the  timing  device
           fails. During this period ‘Kari’ had also met me on a number  of
           occasions. I gave him Rs. 3000/- which I have received from  Dr.
           Habib. Sometimes in oct-nov’93 after the meeting in which it was
           decided to cause bomb  blasts  in  trains  on  6.12.1993  ‘Kari’
           advised me to administer an oath to the boys who were present in
           the meeting, to fight against the Govt. and not to disclose  the
           secrets of the group. Accordingly after a few days  sometime  in
           Nov’93, I had administered an oath to Afaq,  Hameed,  Irfan  and
           Tuffail separately by asking them to keep their hands  on  Koran
           Sharif and recite the oath. The substance of  the  oath  was  ‘I
           will not do anything against the law of Islam, I will not misuse
           the money given to me for the cause of  Islam  and  I  will  not
           disclose the secrets of  our  group’.  During  this  period  Dr.
           Jalees Ansari had telephoned to me and also written a letter  to
           remind me of the ‘work’ to be done on 6/12/1993.


                 Just a few days before 6/12/1993, ‘Kari’ gave me two bombs
           in plastic lunch boxes, which  he  had  made.  He  told  me  the
           timings of the Rajdhani Express at Kanpur, and asked me to go to
           Kanpur, with the boys Irfan and Hamid, to supervise their  work.
           Some circuits for timing had to be fixed in the bomb, I got them
           fixed by Afaq.  On  5.12.1993,  Irfan,  Hamid  and  myself  left
           Lucknow for Kanpur, by bus.  We had taken the bombs given to  us
           by Kari. I had also taken the packets of explosives given to  me
           by Dr. Habib. The boys had kept the Bombs packets in  a  plastic
           bag “Literacy House”, which was lying in my house.  On  reaching
           Kanpur, we stayed in a Hindu Hotel near railway station. Name of
           the hotel is Hindu Apna Hotel.  I  made  entries  in  the  Hotel
           register in the name of ‘Ramkumar’ and ‘Ramesh’ as mentioned the
           address  as  ‘Pakali  Ganj,  Gonda’.  I  made  entries  in   the
           fictitious Hindu name to conceal my identity. In  the  night  at
           around 10 pm Hamid and myself went to  the  Railway  Station.  I
           remained on the platform ad  Hamid  went  inside  one  coach  of
           Rajdhani Express (going towards calcutta) when it arrived at the
           station. It was  a pantry car.  Hamid  planted  a  bomb  in  the
           toilet and came out. Before placing the  bomb  I  had  kept  the
           packet of explosives with acid given to me by Dr. Habib. We then
           went back to our Hotel room. In the morning at  about  4:30  AM,
           Hamid , Irfan and myself left the hotel and went to the  Railway
           Station. When the Rajdhani Express going towards  Delhi  arrived
           at the platform. I told Irfan to place the bomb in the toilet of
           one of the coaches. Accordingly he placed the bomb in the toilet
           of a coach. This time I forgot to kept the packet  of  explosive
           given by Dr. Habib inside the bomb, so I asked  Hamid  to  place
           this in another coach. Accordingly,  he  placed  it  in  another
           coach. I remained on the platform. We had placed the  packet  of
           explosives in the bomb as a precaution. In case the timer device
           fails this packets could cause fire and ignite the bombs. Later,
           we all came back to Lucknow.


            ……..I informed him about the bomb  blasts  carried  out  by  my
           group in the trains near Kanpur on 5/6.12.93.  Dr. Jalees Ansari
           enquired from me as to where the bomb blasts were  not  of  high
           intensity as no person had been killed.  He was not  very  happy
           as the bomb blasts carried out by us were of low intensity.


                 Sometimes in Sep’93, just a few days before the meeting, in
           which decision was taken to plant bombs in prestigious trains on
           6.12.93, ‘Kari’ had come to my house.  He had come from  Kashmir
           and had brought a box, which he told me  contained  some  shawls
           and pashmina materials from Kashmir.


           …….When Dr. Jalees Ansari had come to my  house  and  plans  for
           bomb blast in trains on 6.12.93 were decided,  ‘Kari’  had  told
           Dr. Jalees Ansari that he had brought some arms  and  explosives
           from Kashmir.  He had shown to  Dr.  Jalees  one  important  9mm
           pistol, handgrenade, timers etc. in the  box  containing  shawls
           etc.”

 

      65.2. PW 40 Prem Shankar Pandey, Manager Hindu Apna Hotel was examined
      by the Prosecution  to  prove  writing  and  signature  in  the  Hotel
      Register Ext. P. 184. The report of the Handwriting expert at Ext.  P.
      292 and the deposition of PW 132 S.L. Mukhi, Handwriting expert  prove
      the writing and signature in the register in question to  be  that  of
      A4.

      65.3. At the time of the arrest of A4,  large  quantity  of  arms  and
      explosives were recovered.

      65.4. The material as above and the circumstances on record as well as
      the confessions of A1  and  A3  lend  complete  corroboration  to  the
      confession of A4 and the case against him stands established.

 


      66.   Re: A7 Fazlur Rehman :

           This accused was arrested on 14.01.1994 in Mumbai and PW150 P.D.
      Meena had interrogated him on  04.02.1994.   Thereafter,  PW-150  P.D.
      Meena applied before the Designated Court,  Ajmer  seeking  production
      cum arrest warrant, which was  accordingly  issued.   Thereafter  CMM,
      Mumbai granted custody on 07.07.1994 and the accused  was  accordingly
      produced before the  Designated  Court,  Ajmer  which  granted  police
      custody.  Accused having desired to confess PW-150 P.D. Meena informed
      PW-62 H.C. Singh who thereafter recorded the confession  Ex  P-255  on
      26.07.1994 and 27.07.1994.  Soon after recording of the confession the
      confession was sent to the Court of Chief Judicial Magistrate  and  A7
      was also produced before Chief Judicial Magistrate,  in  keeping  with
      guidelines issued by this Court in Kartar Singh  v.  State  of  Punjab
      (supra). PW-141 B. M. Gupta, Chief Judicial Magistrate, Jaipur  before
      whom the accused was produced has testified about such production  and
      also that two sets of signatures were taken of  this  accused  in  the
      proceedings before said PW-141.  The order  sheet,  Ext.  P-256  bears
      testimony to such signatures.  By subsequent  order  dated  03.08.1994
      the accused was sent to judicial custody.  Neither at the  stage  when
      he was  produced  before  PW-141  B.M.  Gupta  on  28.07.1994  nor  on
      03.08.1994 or soon thereafter any complaint was made or objection  was
      raised about non voluntariness of  the  confessional  statement.   The
      retraction Ext. D-152 was  made  for  the  first  time  on  25.11.1994
      followed by another  retraction  Ext.  D-160  dated  06.06.1995.   The
      retractions are in  general  terms  that  confessional  statement  was
      obtained by physical torture and coercion.  Having  gone  through  the
      material on record including the certification and satisfaction  about
      voluntariness of confession, we are satisfied  that  the  confessional
      statement Ext. P-255 was in conformity with the  recruitments  of  law
      and the guidelines laid down by this Court.  We, therefore, accept the
      confession to be correct and valid.


      66.1  The relevant portions of the confessional statement Ext. P-255
      are as under:-


           “After this, sometime in Nov’93 Dr. Jaless  Ansari  met  me  and
           told me that he has planned to cause bomb blasts in  prestigious
           trains throughout the country on 6.12.1993, the day Babri Masjid
           was demolished a year back. He told me that this was to  protest
           against the demolition of  Babri  Masjid  and  to  take  revenge
           against Hindus. He asked me whether, I was willing to  join  him
           in making this  successful.  As  I  was  deeply  hurt  over  the
           treatment given to muslims I agreed to join Dr. Jalees Ansari in
           his plans. Dr. Jalees Ansari first told me to purchase a  return
           ticket from Kota to Bombay for 1st class in  Frontier  Mail  for
           6.12.1993 in the name of ‘Sameer’. He told me to write any  fake
           address on the requisition slip. He also gave me about Rs. 600/-
           to 700/- for the ticket. As per  instructions  I  purchased  the
           ticket for 6.12.1993 in ‘Frontier Mail from Kota  to  Bombay  in
           1st Class. In the requisition slip I  gave  a  fake  address  of
           Vikhroli and returned the balance amount with the ticket to  Dr.
           Jaless Ansari. After few days ,Dr. Jalees Ansari and Saleem came
           to me. Dr. Jalees Ansari told me  that  as  per  his  plans  for
           causing bomb blasts in trains  on 6.12.1993. One ‘Tahir’ was  to
           carry out bomb blast in Rajdhani Express, Bombay to Delhi,  near
           Kota. He told me that ‘Tahir’ was not willing to travel  in  the
           train and wanted someone else to travel in the train  and  carry
           out the bomb blast. He asked me if I could do this. I agreed  to
           this Dr. Jaless Ansari told me that Tahir would be  keeping  the
           bag containing the bomb in the train at Baroda Rly. Stn. I would
           have to travel in the train and put on the device near Kota  and
           get down. He told me that he has already arranged for ticket  in
           Rajdhani Express. He told me that he would  tell  me  the  final
           programme on 2.12.1993. Dr. Jalees came to me again on 2.12.1993
           and asked me to meet him outside Bombay Central Station, iIn the
           evening on 4.12.1993. Till then I had not known Tahir closely. I
           only know that he was also residing on Souter Street.


                 As instructed by Dr. Jalees Ansari, I reached the stall of
           National Tours and Travel on 1.12.1993 at about 7 P.M.  There  I
           met Dr. Jalees Ansari, Tahir and Saleem. One more person, whom I
           later came to known was ‘Amin’ of  Madanpura  came  there  after
           some time. Dr. Jaless Ansari gave me  two  tickets  for  journey
           from Baroda to Kota in Rajdhani Express and return journey  from
           Kota to Bombay by Frontier Mail, which I had purchased  earlier.
           He also gave me Rs. 700/- to Rs. 800/- for my  expenses  on  the
           way. Dr. Jalees Ansari gave one bomb kept in an air bag of  blue
           colour to Tahir. He gave another bomb contained in an Alfa brief
           case to Saleem. Dr. Jalees Ansari also pointed out the switch on
           in the bag and the brief case which were to be put on to put the
           bomb device into action. Around 8P.M. Tahir, Saleem  and  myself
           left for Baroda by a deluxe bus of National Tour  & Travels. Bus
           ticket for bus journey to  Baroda  had  been  purchased  by  Dr.
           Jalees Ansari and given to Tahir. On the  way  to  Baroda  Tahir
           told me that Saleem will be going to Baroda with us. From  there
           he would go to Surat to carry out a bomb blast in another train.


                 We reached Baroda at about 6 A.M. Tahir took us to a Hotel
           which was near a Mosque about 10 minutes walk from the Rly. Stn.
           At the Hotel, one person by the name Achhu Bhai received  Tahir.
           He was known to Tahir as Tahir had come to  Baroda  earlier  and
           stayed in this Hotel. Tahir had come to Baroda earlier to survey
           the area and see the security arrangements at the Rly. Stan.  At
           the time of arrival of Rajdhani  Express.  Some  time  after  we
           reached the Hotel, Amin also reached there. He came to Baroda by
           bus. Tahir told me that he will accompany Saleem  to  Surat.  We
           stayed in two rooms in the  Hotel.  The  entries  in  the  Hotel
           Register were made by Tahir for most of the day we stayed in the
           Hotel. We went out only to offer Namaz and food.


                 At about 8 P.M. on  5.12.1993,  the  day  we  had  reached
           Baroda Tahir, Saleem and myself left the Hotel and came  to  the
           Rly. Stn. Saleem stayed outside. I purchased a  platform  ticket
           and entered the platform with Tahir. By  then  Tahir  had  taken
           journey ticket to see my coach no. and seat no. We kept  waiting
           on the platform till the  Rajdhani  Express  arrived.  When  the
           train  arrived  Tahir  boarded  the  train  and  keep  the   bag
           containing the bomb in the chair car coach adjoining Pantry  Car
           PC2 in which I had my reservation. After  keeping  the  bag,  he
           came out. Later Tahir and myself boarded the train.  He  pointed
           out to me the bag containing the bomb device. It was kept in the
           Chair Car in the space between the seat and the coach  wall.  He
           then gave me the journey ticket. I gave him the platform ticket.
           I also gave him about Rs. 300/- to clear the Hotel  Bill.  After
           Tahir got down I returned to my  seat  in  the  Pantry  car  and
           occupied the seat.


                 After the train left Baroda,  the  Conductor  checked  the
           train. He came to me and checked my ticket. Later, he offered me
           a seat in the adjoining Chair Car. He took me to the  seat  also
           but I refused to accept it as I saw the bag containing the bomb,
           which Tahir had kept in the coach  near  the  seat.  I  made  an
           excuse to the conductor that it is congested and will  not  suit
           me. I came back and occupied my seat but I could not sleep  well
           as I had to switch on the bomb device and get down at Kota. When
           the coach was nearing Kota Station at about 4.00 A.M. I went  to
           the adjoining coach where Tahir had kept the bag containing  the
           bomb device I quietly switched on the bomb device and  got  down
           at kota station. With a polythene bag in which  I  had  kept  my
           clothes.


                 When I came out I  felt  cold  as  it  was  the  month  of
           December, so I went to a hotel near the railway station. On  the
           main road,  I took a room in the Hotel. In the Hotel Register  I
           made an entry in the fake name of “Steven Samuel”,  a  Christian
           name. I also gave a  fake  address  of  Kamanwar  Nagar,Vikhroli
           which  I had written.  On the requisition slip  for  reservation
           for return journey by frontier mail on 6.12.1993  from  Kota  to
           Bombay. I stayed in the hotel till around 12:30 P.M. As I  could
           not sleep well I left the Hotel and came to the Rly. Station and
           waited for the Frontier Mail. On the  platform  at  the  railway
           station. I came to know about the bomb  blast  in  the  Rajdhani
           Express between Kota and Sawaimadhopur Stn.  When  the  Frontier
           Mail came I boarded the  1st  Class  coach  in  which  I  had  a
           reservation in the false name of ‘Sameer’ I travelled under this
           name and reached Bombay on 7.12.1993.  The  reservation  in  the
           Rajdhani Express from Baroda on 5.12.1993 was also in  the  name
           of ‘Sameer’ I had travelled upto Kota  under  this  name.  After
           reaching Bombay I went straight to my house. ”

 

      66.2  Ext. P-10 is a reservation form by which the ticket  was  booked
      in the name of “Sameer” from Kota to Mumbai in Frontier  Mail  leaving
      06.12.1993.  According to expert opinion Ext. P-291, the  writing  and
      the signature appearing on Ext. P-10 reservation form are that  of  A7
      Fazlur Rehman.  The  testimony  of  PW-133  S.C.  Mittal,  Handwriting
      Expert establishes this fact.


      66.3  Similarly, Register Ext. P-7 of Shri Anand Hotel at  Kota  which
      was seized vide seizure memo Ext. 523  shows  the  writing  signifying
      stay of one ‘Samuel’ with address Kannamwar Nagar,  Vikhroli,  Mumbai.
      This entry at Ext. P-7 has also been found by the  Handwriting  Expert
      in his opinion Ext. P-291 and subsequent deposition  in  Court  to  be
      that of A7.


       66.4 PW 33 Md. Sadiq, Partner of Firm named Faruq Impex where A7 used
      to work deposed in Court that A7 had not come to the  office  on  3rd,
      4th, 6th and 7th December, 1993.  The Attendance Register  Ext.  P-164
      was also produced on record in support of such assertions.

            Therefore, the circumstances in the  form  of  reservation  form
      Ext. P-10, Hotel Register Ext. P-7 and the absence from duty signified
      by Attendance Register Ext. P-164  do  support   and  corroborate  the
      contents of the confessional statement Ext. P-255. The  confession  of
      A1 also lends corroboration on material particulars. The case  against
      A7 thus stands fully established.

 

      67.   Re: A14 Md. Amin :

 

      This accused was initially arrested in September, 1994 by CBCID Bombay
      in connection with some other case and having come to know about  such
      arrest PW-150 P.D. Meena moved an application on 10.10.1994 before the
      Designated Court, Ajmer seeking  his  production  warrant,  which  was
      accordingly issued.  His custody was thereafter  given  on  27.10.1994
      and  the  accused  was  brought  to  Ajmer  and  produced  before  the
      Designated Court on  28.10.1994  on  which  date  police  custody  was
      granted.  He having desired to confess PW-150 P.D. Meena produced  him
      before PW-62 H.C. Singh who recorded confessional statement  Ext.P-257
      on 17.11.1994 and 18.11.1994.  Thereafter the accused was sought to be
      produced before Chief Judicial Magistrate, Jaipur along with  covering
      letter Ext.-258.  However, since  Chief  Judicial  Magistrate  was  on
      leave, the Additional Chief  Judicial  Magistrate  directed  that  the
      accused be produced on 22.11.1994.  He was accordingly produced before
      PW-141 Brij Mohan Gupta, Chief Judicial Magistrate on 22.11.1994.  PW-
      141 opened the sealed envelope containing confession and having  asked
      the accused about the confession, took signatures of  the  accused  in
      acknowledgement on every page of the confession.   He  was  thereafter
      sent to judicial custody and the retraction for the  first  time  vide
      Ext. D-150 was made on 26.08.1995.   We  have  seen  the  confessional
      statement Ext. P-257 which bears signatures of confessing  accused  at
      every page and the  deposition  of  PW-141  Brij  Mohan  Gupta,  Chief
      Judicial Magistrate.  No complaint at that time  was  made  about  any
      undue influence, coercion or torture or soon thereafter.  The contents
      of the confessional statement as well as the certification  completely
      establish  the   satisfaction   of   the   Recording   Officer   about
      voluntariness of the confession which  part  is  consistent  with  the
      requirements  in  law.   We,  therefore,   accept   the   confessional
      statements of Ext. P-257 to  be  valid  and  in  conformity  with  the
      requirements of law and guidelines issued by this Court and accept  it
      to be admissible and reliable.

      67.1  The relevant portions of the confessional statement  Ext.  P-257
      are as under:-

           “Dr. Jalees Ansari also taught us to prepare  Tiffin  box  bombs
           with watch timer device.
           Dr. Jalees Ansari had also taught us to make bombs from plumbing
           pipe.


                 Sometimes in August 93 when Dr. Jalees  Ansari,  Tahir  and
           myself were discussing about the ways to take  revenge  for  the
           demolition of Babri Masjid and create terror among the people. I
           suggested that we should cause bomb blasts in  important  trains
           on the first anniversary of the demolition of Babri Masjit,  Dr.
           Jalees Ansari liked the idea.  Later sometimes  during  November
           1993 when I met Dr. Jalees Ansari, he informed me  that  he  was
           working on a plan to cause bomb blasts in  important  trains  on
           6.12.1993.  He told me that he had spoken  to  Mohd  Saleem  and
           Tahir also, about it. They would be  causing  a  bomb  blast  in
           train near Surat. Dr. Jalees Ansari  asked  me  to  provide  Rs.
           2000/- for this work, which I provided after a few days in cash.


                 On 4.12.1993 in the evening at about 5:30 P.M. Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari telephoned me at my residence and  informed  to  me  that
           Mohd. Saleem who was to go to Surat for causing  bomb  blast  in
           train, had not reached the Bombay Central Bus Stand. He told  me
           to go to the residence of Mohd. Saleem to look for him.  I  then
           went to the residence of Mohd. Saleem and came to know  that  he
           had already left the house for the bus stand.   I then  went  to
           Bombay Central Bus Stand and met Dr. Jalees Ansari. Mohd. Saleem
           had already reached there Tahir and one Shamim, whose full  name
           is Fazlur Rehman were also there. At that time, I came  to  know
           that Shamim was also involved in the activities  of  Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari and was to plant a bomb in Rajdhani  Express  going  from
           Bombay to New Delhi. Tahir was  to  accompany  him  upto  Baroda
           Station. Dr. Jalees Ansari asked me to  accompany  Mohd.  Saleem
           who was to plant a bomb  in  ‘Flying  Queen  Express’  at  Surat
           Railway Station. He told me that initially all of us  will  have
           to go to Baroda. I readily agreed to this  as  I  had  initially
           given the idea of causing bomb blasts in train on 6.12.1993.As I
           was not having a bus ticket for Baroda, I purchased a ticket for
           the night train and went to my  house  to  collect  my  clothes.
           Money for purchasing the  ticket  was  provided  by  Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari who also accompanied me to the house. Later at  the  time
           of boarding the train Dr. Jalees Ansari gave me a slip in  which
           address of Hotel Deluxe, where Tahir Saleem and Shamim  were  to
           stay was written. I travelled in the general compartment of  the
           train and reached Baroda at about 6 AM on 5.12.1993. I contacted
           Tahir, Saleem and Shamim at Hotel Deluxe which was near a Masjid
           close to the Railway Station. They had taken two rooms. I stayed
           with Saleem. In the evening Tahir, Saleem and Shamim went to the
           Railway Station where as per our plan, Tahir  planted  the  bomb
           device in a bag, given to him by Dr. Jalees Ansari, in  Rajdhani
           Express Train when it arrived at Baroda Station.  After  keeping
           the device, Tahir came out of the train and Shamin  boarded  the
           train for causing the bomb blast.   Tahir  and  Saleem  returned
           back to the Hotel and informed me that Shamim had left  for  the
           target. Thereafter, Tahir cleared the Hotel Bills  and  we  left
           the Hotel for the bus stand where  Tahir  boarded  the  bus  for
           Bombay. Saleem and  myself  went  to  Railway  Staion  where  we
           boarded  a  train  for  Surat.  We  travelled   in   a   general
           compartment. The tickets were purchased by  Saleem.  Saleem  and
           myself reached Surat at about 4 AM on 6.12.1993.  We  waited  on
           the platform at the Staion for about an hour.  Saleem,  who  was
           carrying the bomb device, containing in an Alfa brief case given
           by Dr. Jalees Ansari, then went to the  ‘Flying  Queen  Express’
           train standing at the platform and planted device in a coach. He
           came out of the coach after connecting the wires and  activating
           the device. Saleem told me that he had reserved a  seat  in  the
           coach earlier. After Saleem had planted the device we  purchased
           tickets for Bombay and left  by  a  train  which  was  going  to
           Bombay. On reaching Bombay, we came to know  that  bomb  devices
           planted in Rajdhani Exp. Train and Flying Queen  Express  by  me
           had exploded injuring few persons and damaging Railway property.
           The Bomb blasts had also created a terror in the people.


                 One or two days after returning to Bombay I met Dr.  Jalees
           Ansari and informed him as to how bombs had been planted as  per
           plan.  During my talk with Dr. Jalees Ansari,  I  came  to  know
           that bomb blasts in Rajdhani Express train near Kanpur and  A.P.
           Expres near Hyderabad had also been arranged by him through  his
           men.”

 


       67.2. The confession of A1 lends complete corroboration to the
      confession of this accused. The role of this accused thus stands
      firmly established.

      68.       Re:    A-15 Aizaz Akbar

 


             This  accused  was  initially  arrested  by  Bombay  Police  in
      connection with some other case.  On production warrant issued by  the
      Designated Court, Ajmer pursuant to the application  moved  by  PW145,
      K.S. Nair, custody of  this  accused  was  given  on  28.05.1997.  The
      accused was thereafter produced before the Designated Court, Ajker  on
      29.05.1997 and police custody was granted.  He was brought to Delhi on
      30.05.1997 and kept in custody.  On 01.06.1997 he  having  desired  to
      confess, PW-145 K.S. Nair informed PW1 O.P. Chhatwal and produced  the
      accused before  him.   The  confessional  statement  Ext.P-1  of  this
      accused was recorded on 01.06.1997 and 02.06.1997.  He was produced on
      03.06.1997  before  PW-147  Mr.  S.K.  Kaushik,   Chief   Metropolitan
      Magistrate, Delhi. The proceedings of  the  Court  of  CMM,  Delhi  of
      03.06.1997 are marked  Ext.P-516.  According to PW-147, the confessing
      accused had admitted that a confessional statement was recorded a  day
      earlier and that it was the same statement.   PW-147  thereafter  read
      over to him the confessional statement.  The  accused  was  thereafter
      produced before the Designated Court,  Ajmer  on  05.06.1997  and  was
      remanded to judicial custody.  The retraction came a  month  later  on
      05.07.1997 vide Ext.D-2 stating that the  confessional  statement  was
      obtained by employing third degree  method  and  his  signatures  were
      obtained on blank papers.  The  retraction  further  stated  that  the
      accused was never produced before any magistrate.  In the face of  the
      testimony coming from POW-147 Mr. S.K. Kaushik, CMM, the retraction is
      unacceptable.  We have gone through the contents of the confession  as
      well  as  the   certification   recording   satisfaction   about   the
      voluntariness and find  the  confession  to  be  consistent  with  the
      requirement of law and in conformity with  the  guidelines  issued  by
      this Court.  We therefore accept confessional statement Ext.P1  to  be
      correctly recorded and admissible in law.

      68.1  The relevant contents of confessional statement Ext.P-1  are  as
      under:
                       “We left for Hyderabad at about 11  PM  and  reached
           there at about 7 AM and stayed at President  Lodge  near  Mauzam
           Jahi Market. The registration formalities were completed by  Dr.
           Jalees Ansari in the lodge. We  had  breakfast  in  the  market.
           After some time Dr. Jalees Ansari suggested that we must see the
           Police Station where bombs  should  be  planted  for  explosion.
           Therefore, Dr. Ansari, Shamuddin and myself left for the  market
           in an auto rickshaw. We asked the driver to take us  to  market.
           On way we saw Abid Police Station. Dr. Ansari decided to plant a
           bomb at this police station.  Then  we  went  to  Humayun  Nagar
           Police Station as suggested by Dr. Ansari. After  surveying,  we
           returned to the lodge.


                 In the afternoon Dr. Ansari asked me to go to  market  and
           purchase nails and plaster of paris.  I  went  by  an  auto  and
           purchased ¼ Kg nails and 2 Kgs. Plaster of paris. In  the  lodge
           Dr. Ansari prepared two bombs, which were covered by Plaster  of
           Paris. He instructed me and Saleem to  plant  the  bomb  outside
           Abid Police Station after connecting two wires. He  directed  us
           to go away immediately after planting.  Likewise  he  instructed
           Shamsuddin and Zaheeruddin to plant a bomb at the Humanyu  Nagar
           Police Station. He asked us to plant the bombs before 10 PM  and
           leave for Gulbarga by 11 PM bus. Dr.  Ansari  himself  left  for
           Bombay by bus at 4:30 P.M. It was in August, 1993.


                 At about 9PM, I  alongwith  Saleem  went  to  Abid  Police
           Station in an auto. Outside the Police Station there was an  STD
           Booth. We quietly went near the STD booth and  I  connected  the
           wires of the bomb and left it by the side of the Booth. Both  of
           us then left  for  Central  Bus  Depot,  as  had  been  arranged
           earlier. After 20-25 minutes  Shamsuddin  and  Zaheeruddin  also
           reached there after planting the bomb at Humayun Nagar PS.  Then
           Saleem left for Bombay by bus and we then left for Gulbarga  bus
           at 11 PM. We reached Gulbarga at about 7:30 AM. We went  to  our
           houses.  Again  we  met  at  about  10-11AM  at  the  house   of
           Shamsuddin. We read in newspapers about explosion  at  both  the
           Police Stations. I stayed  at  Gulberga  for  a  week  and  then
           returned to Bombay.  I met Dr. Jalees Ansari and told him  about
           our success  in  causing  explosions.  He  was  very  happy  and
           encouraged me. I then continued to work  in  my  office.  I  was
           meeting Dr. Jalees Ansari off and on.”


           ….On his return from Bombay  in  last  week  of  November  1993,
           Shamsuddin told me that Dr. Jalees  Ansari  had  made  plans  to
           cause bomb explosions in prestigious trains.  He  also  conveyed
           to me this instructions of Dr. Jalees Ansari that I should plant
           a bomb in Bangalore-Kurla Express at Pune.  This was to be  done
           on 6.12.1993 in the memory of demolition of Babri Masjid.


           ….On 04.12.93 I went to the house of Shamsuddin who told me that
           he was making the bomb and that I should collect it from him  on
           5.12.93.  On 5.12.93 I told  my  family  that  I  was  going  to
           Hamdabad to attend marriage of one of my friends.  I  left  home
           at about 7.PM and went to the house of Shamsuddin.  He gave me a
           bomb, which kept in a carry-bag.


           ….I reached Gulbarga Station on 5.12.93 at about 8.15  P.M.  The
           Bangalore-Kurla Express arrived at about 8.30  P.M.   I  boarded
           the trains alongwith the bomb in the carry bag.  My berth was  a
           lower berth.  I could not sleep.  At about 04.30  AM  the  train
           reached PUNE Station.  I quietly joined the  two  wires  of  the
           bomb and left it below my seat in the same carry  bag.   I  then
           came out of the train and took an auto from outside the  Railway
           Station and went to Ruby Hospital.

 


      68.2    The  confession  of  this  accused  is  fully  supported   and
      corroborated by the confession of A1. The  role  of  this  accused  in
      planting a bomb in Bangalore-Kurla  express  as  part  of  the  larger
      conspiracy stands established. The case  of  the  Prosecution  against
      this accused is fully established.


      69.   Re: A-16 Abre Rehmat Ansari


            One Qamrul Hassan Kashmi was arrested on 17.12.1994 pursuant  to
      warrant of arrest issued by Designated Court, Ajmer.   The  Designated
      Court had granted police custody till 07.01.1995 and  from  07.01.1995
      this accused was remanded to judicial custody.  On 01.09.1995  he  was
      released on interim bail.  On 18.04.1995 an application under  Section
      169 Cr.P.C. was moved by PW-150 P.D. Meena that no evidence was  found
      regarding his involvement in the present matters.


            It may be mentioned that in the confessional  statements  of  A3
      and A4 there is a reference to one “Kari” who attended the meeting  of
      September 1993 and Qamrul Hassan Kashmi was arrested on the  suspicion
      that he was “Kari” as referred to in the confessional statement of  A3
      and A4.  However after it was  found  that  he  was  not  in  any  way
      involved in the matter, aforesaid application under  Section  169  was
      moved.


      69.1  A-16 Abre Rehmat Ansari was arrested  by  PW-113  Jai  Singh  in
      connection with some other matter and during  his  interrogation,  his
      involvement in the present serial train blasts came to be known.  Said
      PW113 wrote letter Ext.P3 dated 26.12.1997 to  the  Superintendent  of
      Police, STF, CBI, New Delhi informing about the arrest of Abre  Rehmat
      Ansari and about his involvement  in  train  bomb  blasts  cases.   An
      application was thereafter moved by PW-145 K.S. Nair for production of
      said Abre Rehmat Ansari and the accused was produced on 30.12.1997 and
      police custody was granted.  The accused having  expressed  desire  to
      confess, PW-145 K.S. Nair produced him before  PW1  O.P.  Chhatwal  on
      01.01.1998 and the confessional statement Ext.P-4 was recorded by  PW1
      O.P. Chhatwal  on  01.01.1998  and  02.01.1998.   A16  was  thereafter
      produced before PW146 Prem Kumar, CMM, Delhi.  PW-146 Prem Kumar,  CMM
      deposed that he had asked the confessing  accused,  who  admitted  the
      confessional statement to be his, that  there  was  no  misconduct  or
      physical torture and that the confessional statement was  bearing  his
      signature.  The proceeding to that effect Ext.P-514 bear the signature
      of the confessing accused as well as that of PW-146 Prem  Kumar,  CMM.
      The accused was thereafter produced before the Designated Court, Ajmer
      and was sent to judicial custody.  The  retraction  Ext.D-1  came  six
      months later on 26.06.1998.  The retraction stated  that  the  accused
      was forced  to  sign  some  written/plain  papers  which  as  far  his
      apprehension could  be  used  as  confession.   In  the  face  of  the
      deposition of PW-146, Prem Kumar, CMM and proceedings Ext.P-514  dated
      03.01.1998, we have no hesitation in discarding said submission.    At
      no stage any complaint was made when the accused was  produced  before
      PW-146.  We have  gone  through  the  certification  appended  to  the
      confessional statement as well as contents of the confession  and  are
      satisfied that the confessional statement is in  conformity  with  the
      legal requirements.  We therefore hold the confessional  statement  to
      be admissible.

      69.2  Relevant portions of the confessional statement Ext.P-4  are  as
      under:
                 “My full name is Abre Rehmat Ansari.People also call me by
           name Kari. My father name is Noor Mohd. Ansari.

                                  ……………………

                 In Aug-Sep 1993, Illiyas introduced  Jamal  Alvi,  Tuffail
           and Sufiyan who came from Lucknow. Illiyas  called  me  to  meet
           them at University Ground. It was decided in  the  meeting  that
           Illiyas would give me the materials, i.e. arms & explosives etc.
           My job would be to transport the same to Jamal Alvi’s  residence
           at Lucknow and rest will be done by   other  people.  After  2-3
           days we had again met at the same place and the same talks  were
           repeated. Jamal Alvi had also given his address which was Nakhas
           Chowk (Old Nakhas, Phool Wali Gali, House No.  29/99),  Lucknow.
           He had given his address in writing. I had kept the  said  paper
           safely. Now, it is not with me.After 15-20 days, Illiyas  called
           me in the residence of  Papa  at  Khaniyar  and  gave  me  seven
           plastic tiffin types boxes in which explosives were  filled  and
           were made into bombs. Timer and detonators were also fitted with
           them and for detonating the bombs, the two protruding wires were
           to be joined. He also gave me one pistol having a magazine  with
           eight rounds. He told me to take all the  materials  to  Lucknow
           and give it to Jamal Alvi at his residence. He also told me that
           as it was decided earlier, use these bombs on 6th December, 1993
           in trains or some other good places. I was also given Rs. 6000/-
           for expenditure. I kept all  those  materials  in  a  steel  box
           alongwith my clothes and  reached  Jammu  by  bus.  Later  on  I
           reached Lucknow by train. I came to Nakhas by cycle rikshaw from
           Lucknow Station and reached Phool Wali Gali. There I was dropped
           by someone at Jamal Alvi’s residence. I met Jamal Alvi there.  I
           told him that I had brought the materials and showed him all the
           materials, which were in my box.


                 I stayed for around 10 days at Jamal Alvi residence. On my
           reaching Lucknow, after around 2 days many people came into  the
           house of Jamal Alvi to whom Jamal Alvi  introduced  myself.  Dr.
           Jalees Ansari was among them who had come from Bombay. Dr. Habib
           had come from Rai Bareli. Agaque was from Lucknow only.  Tuffail
           and Sufiyan who met me at Kashmir were  also  there.  Irfan  was
           also with them who was from Lucknow. One boy namely Mustaq  also
           met. He was from Allahabad. We all had a meeting in which  Jamal
           Alvi told that he had also brought some materials  from  Kashmir
           earlier showed it to us. The said material was  black  explosive
           and one pistol. The material I had brought was also told to  all
           people. It was decided in the meeting that Bomb Blast  would  be
           caused in trains. Abu Bakar who was studying at Nadwa at Lucknow
           was also present.


                 During my stay for 10 days at Jamal  Alvi’s  residence,  I
           used to meet those people  whenever  they  came  to  Jamal  Alvi
           residence. At day time I also used to go for walk. 2-3  times  I
           also visited Nadwa Hostel alongwith Abu Bakar. I also met  there
           one Abdul Wahid @ Yusuf, who had already studied  there.  I  was
           told that he is from Kashmir, and connected with  militancy.  He
           did not tell his address on asking by  me.After  living  for  10
           days I went to my home at Basti. After living for 10-15  days  I
           again went back to Kashmir. I had told Illiyas that I had  given
           all materials to Jamal Alvi, which I had factually  handed  over
           to Jamal Alvi.


                 When I was staying in Lucknow for 10 days, Abu  Bakar  had
           advised in the presence of all that bomb blast should be  caused
           in Jaipur at Hawa Mahal and Johiri Bazar. It  was  also  decided
           that I should first see the place. I was given two notes of  500
           rupees each by Abu Bakar for this job. But I did not  go  Jaipur
           at that time. It was decided to cause blast in trains for  which
           I had given all materials to Jamal Alvi,  and  also  stated  the
           instructions of Illiyas. It was  to  be  decided  by  the  other
           person in which trains, blast would  be  caused.  The  materials
           given by me was to be used for causing blast. I had told all the
           things to Illiyas after going back.


                 In Oct- Nov 1993,  Illiyas  had  asked  me  for  going  to
           Lucknow. He gave me about 5kg explosive (Barood)  04  detonators
           and 4 timers. He had already fitted the detonators and timers in
           explosives (Barood), and told me how to keep those in boxes, and
           how to join the wire, so that it could cause blast. At that time
           the wires were covered with tape. Illiyas had given me Rs. 2000/-
            for fare etc. and asked me to give all materials to Jamal Alvi.
           He also told me to use the   materials  for  causing  blasts  at
           appropriate place.

                                   ……………….

                 When I came back to Kashmir after  getting  training  from
           Pakistan then Illiyas kept my  name  “Kari”  and  told  all  his
           colleagues about it. Thereafter everybody was knowing me by  the
           name ‘Kari’.”

 


      69.3  It was submitted on behalf of this accused that the  Prosecution
      had arrested Qamrul Hasan Kashmi as Kari and  that  this  accused  had
      nothing to do with present crimes nor was this accused known as  Kari.
      However  his  statements  in  the  confession,  which  is  admissible,
      completely negate this submission. The confession further goes on  the
      narrate his involvement in the crimes.


      69.4  The association of this accused with A4 and the fact  that  this
      accused had supplied explosive material to him and that  this  accused
      was present in the meeting of September  1993  and  took  active  part
      thereafter stand fully corroborated from the  confessions  of  A4  and
      other accused. The case of the Prosecution against this accused stands
      fully established.


       70.  The case of the Prosecution against aforementioned Accused  Nos.
      1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 15  and  16  thus  stands  fully  established.  The
      confessional statements of each of these accused which are found to be
      admissible in law, themselves are sufficient to establish the case  of
      the Prosecution against them. Even them we  looked  for  corroboration
      from  circumstances  proved  on  record.  The  corroboration  is  also
      available inter se through the confessions of the other co-accused  as
      well. Consequently,  the  conviction  and  sentence  recorded  by  the
      Designated Court against each of these Accused, namely A1, A2, A3, A4,
      A7 ,A14, A15 and A16 is maintained and the appeal at the  instance  of
      each of them stands dismissed.

      71.   We now consider the case of the  prosecution  and  the  material
      against other accused, namely, A5, A8, A9, A10, A11 and A13.


      71.1  As regards A5, the confessions of A1, A3, A4 and  A16  refer  to
      his role.  Confession of A4 discloses  that  A5  was  present  in  the
      meeting of September 1993 where all had agreed and responsibility  for
      causing bomb blasts in Northern part of the country was taken  by  A4.
      Confession  of  A4  further  states  that  he   had   given   A5   the
      responsibility to carry out the activity as agreed and that he had got
      the circuits fixed from A5.  The fact  that  A5  was  present  in  the
      meeting of September 1993 is evident from confessions of  A1,  A3  and
      A16 as well.  PW41 Tahir Raza Abdi, who identified A5 deposed that  A5
      had come along with A1 Dr. Jalees Ansari for his passport work.   This
      again establishes the presence of A5 at the relevant time.  It is true
      that while considering  confession  of  a  co-accused  prudence  would
      demand that there  must  be  corroboration  coming  from  material  on
      record.  The role of A5 is also evident from the  confessions  of  A1,
      A3, A4 and A16 which not only lend corroboration  to  each  other  but
      also get support from the testimony  of  PW41  Tahir  Raza  Abdi.   We
      therefore hold, even without referring to the confession of A5  Ext.P-
      241A, that the role of A5  in  the  present  conspiracy  stands  fully
      established. This appeal at the instance of A5 is therefore  dismissed
      and his conviction and sentence as recorded by the Designated Court is
      affirmed.


      71.2  As regards A8, apart from reference to his role,  as  stated  in
      the confession of A1, there is  nothing  on  record  as  against  this
      accused.  No prosecution witness has stated anything against  him  nor
      any other confession makes any reference to him.  All that we have  on
      record is the confession of A1 who names this accused as his associate
      including the fact that he had assisted him in planting bombs on other
      occasions as well.  We find it difficult to rely on the confession  of
      A1, a co-accused simplicitor without  there  being  any  corroboration
      coming from any other material on  record.   Since  we  have  eschewed
      consideration of confession of A8 himself,  we  find  no  material  on
      record to support his conviction and sentence.


      71.3  As regards A9, confession of A15 discloses that he introduced A9
      to A1 and the confession further records about the role played  by  A9
      and his association in  causing  bomb  blasts  at  police  station  in
      Hyderabad.  However those incidents are not the ones for which  A9  is
      presently being tried nor is it the case of the prosecution that those
      blasts were part of the present conspiracy.  Insofar  as  the  present
      incident is concerned, the confession of A15 is silent about the  role
      played by A9 and therefore that confession is not of any assistance in
      considering  the  matter  as  against  A9.   We  are  then  left  with
      confession A1  who  undoubtedly  refers  to  the  role  of  A9.   This
      confession goes on to say that A1 had taught A9 how to make bombs  and
      also that he had discussed the plan with A9.  However in  the  absence
      of any other material on record to lend any semblance of corroboration
      to the confession of A1 we find it extremely difficult to sustain  the
      conviction and sentence of A9 simply on the basis of confession of A1.

 

      71.4  As regards A10 his role is neither referred to in the confession
      of A1 or A15 nor there is any material other than  the  confession  of
      A10 himself  on  record.   The  conviction  and  sentence  of  A10  is
      therefore completely unsustainable.


      71.5  As regards A11 the confession of A15 discloses  the  involvement
      and role played by A1 in causing bomb blasts in Hyderabad on  previous
      occasions.  As regards the bomb blasts that occurred in  A.P.  Express
      on 06.12.1993, the confession of A15 narrates that on  04.12.19093  he
      had gone to the house of A11 who told him that he was making bomb  and
      that A15 should collect it from him on  05.12.1993.   Accordingly  A15
      went to the house of A11 who gave him a bomb which was kept in a carry
      bag.  It is this bomb kept in a carry bag which A15 had kept below his
      berth in Bangalore  –  Kurla  Express.   A1  in  his  confession  also
      referred to the role played by A11 in causing bomb blasts in Hyderabad
      on previous occasions and that he had discussed the plan with A11.  As
      regards the present matter the confession stated that A1 had given one
      bomb to A11 on 02.12.1993.  The confession further stated  that  after
      the bomb blasts A11 and A12 had met him in Bombay and he was told that
      the bomb in A.P. Express was planted by A12 and that A15  had  planted
      the bomb in Bangalore – Kurla Express  which  did  not  explode.   The
      confessions of A1 and A15 are thus consistent and show that a bomb was
      given by A1 to this accused who in turn, gave the bomb that was  meant
      for Bangalore Kurla Express.   The  association  of  this  accused  as
      stated in the confession of A1 is fully corroborated by the confession
      of A15. Even without referring to the confession of this accused,  for
      reasons stated hereinabove, the involvement of  this  accused  in  the
      present conspiracy is fully established. We therefore find the case of
      the prosecution established against this accused.

      71.6  As regards A13 there is  a  reference  about  his  role  in  the
      confession of A15 to the effect that on 05.12.1993 when A15  had  gone
      to the house of A11, A13 was also present.  Apart from this  there  is
      no reference to anything about A13.  The confession of  A1  also  does
      not make any reference nor does it attribute any role to A13.  In  the
      circumstances the conviction and sentence of A13 is not sustainable at
      all.


      72.  Summing up, the case of the prosecution, in our  considered  view
      stands fully established as against A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A7, A11,  A14,
      A15 and A16. We hold them guilty of the offences with which they  were
      charged and while dismissing their appeals maintain  their  conviction
      and sentence as recorded by the Designated Court. The  appeals  in  so
      far as Accused Nos. 8, 9, 10 and 13 are allowed and  their  conviction
      and sentence is set aside. The Accused Nos. 8, 9, 10 and 13  shall  be
      set at liberty, unless their custody is required in any other matter.

 

      73.   This appeal is disposed of accordingly.

 

                                                         ..………..………………………….J
                                          (Fakkir Mohamed Ibrahim Kalifulla)


                                                           ……….…..………………………J
                                                          (Uday Umesh Lalit)

New Delhi
May 11, 2016


-----------------------
[1] This endorsement was in the handwriting of PW 62 HC Singh who  then  put
his signature below the endorsement.
[2] 2001 (3) Crimes 389 (SC)
[3] (1994) 4 SCC 602
[4] (2011) 6 SCC 358
[5] (2012) 11 SCC 606
[6] (2013) 13 SCC1
[7] (1998) 4 SCC 351
[8] (1997) 10 SCC 675
9. 999(5) SCC 253
[9] 1994 (3) SCC 569