Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Civil), 13957-13958 of 2015, Judgment Date: Dec 01, 2015

                                                                  REPORTABLE

                        IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
                        CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
                 CIVIL APPEAL NOS.      13957-13958 OF 2015
         (@ Special Leave Petition (Civil) Nos.26227-26228 of 2015)



Medical Council of India                                      .....Appellant

                                VERSUS

Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences
(MIMS) & Ors.                                                 …..Respondents



                               J U D G M E N T

ANIL R. DAVE, J.



1.    Leave granted.

2.   Heard the learned counsel appearing for the  parties.  Looking  at  the
facts of the case and at the request of the learned  counsel  appearing  for
the parties, it was decided to hear the appeals expeditiously.
3.    A short issue that has come up for consideration in these  appeals  is
whether it was open to the High Court to give a  direction  to  the  Medical
Council of India (for short, the MCI)-the appellant  herein,  by  its  order
dated 13.08.2015, to conduct a re-inspection of Respondent  no.1  institute.
The said  direction  was  given  in  relation  to  an  application  made  by
Respondent  no.1  for  renewal  of  permission  for  increase  in  admission
capacity of MBBS students from 100 to 150 for the academic year 2015-16.

4.  Respondent no.1  is  a  hospital-cum-medical  college,  which  had  been
formerly granted permission to teach 100 MBBS students  per  academic  year.
From 2012-2013, respondent no.3 had permitted increase  in  intake  capacity
from 100 to 150 MBBS students.  For the academic  year  2013-14,  respondent
no.3 had renewed the said permission.  Respondent no.1  wanted  to  get  the
said permission renewed for the academic year 2014-15 and therefore, it  had
submitted an application, as prescribed under the Establishment  of  Medical
College Regulations, 1999.  The said application had been  rejected  as  the
Executive  Committee  of  the  MCI  found  certain   deficiencies   in   the
functioning of Respondent no.1 institute.  Some litigation had  taken  place
with regard to the said rejection,  but  the  said  rejection  is  not  much
relevant for the present petition.

5.    For renewal of the said permission for  additional  50  MBBS  students
for the academic year 2015-16, another application was  made  by  respondent
no.1 and in pursuance of the said application, an inspection  of  Respondent
No.1 institute had taken place on 5th and 6th December, 2014 by the MCI  and
at the time of said inspection, following deficiencies  had  been  noted  by
the representatives of the MCI:

“1.   Deficiency of faculty is 10% as detailed in report.

2.    Shortage of Residents is 16.5% as detailed in report.

3.    Common Room for Girls is in corridor and requires improvement.

4.    O.T.: There are 15 tables in 11   O.T.s indicating more than  1  table
in several O.T.s which is not as per norms.

5.    Other deficiencies as pointed out in the assessment report.”

6.    Report of the aforestated inspection, which had  taken  place  on  5th
and 6th December, 2014, was placed before the  Executive  Committee  of  the
MCI  on  13th  January,  2015  for  its  consideration.    The   aforestated
deficiencies were found by the Executive Committee of  the  MCI  of  serious
nature and therefore, the Committee decided “to  recommend  to  the  Central
Government not to renew the permission for admission of 4th  batch  of  MMBS
students against the increased intake i.e. from  100  to  150”  students  of
Respondent no.1 and the said decision was communicated  to  Respondent  no.1
by the MCI under its letter dated 21st January, 2015.

7.    Though not much relevant, it is pertinent to note  that  in  pursuance
of some litigation which had taken place in the  meantime,  Respondent  no.1
gave admission to 50 additional students to MBBS  course  for  the  academic
year 2014-15 on the basis of an undertaking given to this Court.   Thus,  in
fact, 150 students were given admission to  MBBS  course  for  the  academic
year 2014-15.  The said undertaking was ultimately found to be incorrect  by
the MCI.

8.    Respondent no.1 institute had  thereafter  addressed  a  letter  dated
14th  February,  2015  to  the  MCI,  wherein  it  was  claimed   that   the
deficiencies which had been found by the MCI at the time  of  inspection  of
Respondent no.1, which had taken place on 5th and 6th  December,  2014,  had
been removed.   Respondent  no.1  was  also  given  a  personal  hearing  by
respondent no.3.

9.    Respondent no.3 had requested  the  MCI  to  reconsider  the  case  of
Respondent no.1  institute  and  in  pursuance  of  the  said  request,  the
assessors of the MCI had carried out another inspection  on  8th  May,  2015
and submitted the report of inspection to the  Executive  Committee  of  the
MCI.   Even at the time of inspection, which had taken  place  on  8th  May,
2015, several deficiencies had been found and therefore, ultimately on  13th
May, 2015, the Executive Committee of the MCI decided to  recommend  to  the
Central Government not to renew the permission for admission  of  4th  batch
of increased MBBS students from 100 to 150 under  Section  10A  of  the  IMC
Act, 1956 for the  academic  year  2015-16.   The  said  decision  had  been
communicated by Respondent no.3 to Respondent no.1 under letter  dated  15th
June, 2015.

10.   In the aforestated circumstances,  the  application  for  increase  in
intake of 50 MBBS students had been rejected.

11.   Aggrieved thereby, Respondent No.1 filed Writ Petition (C) No.7101  of
2015 before the High Court of  Delhi  challenging  the  communication  dated
15.6.2015  made  to  Respondent  No.1  by  Respondent  No.3,   whereby   the
application made by Respondent No.1 for increasing intake i.e. from  100  to
150 seats for academic session 2015-16 had been  finally  rejected.  In  the
said petition, the impugned order dated 13.08.2015 has been passed,  whereby
the present Appellant-the  MCI  has  been  directed  to  carry  out  another
inspection to find out whether the deficiencies found at  an  earlier  point
of time have been removed.

12.   Being aggrieved by the aforestated order passed  by  the  High  Court,
the Appellant has approached this Court with a prayer that the said  interim
direction be quashed, as according to the Appellant, Respondent no.1  cannot
be permitted to have 50 more students for academic year 2015-16.

13.   In the aforestated circumstances,  present  appeals  have  been  filed
before this Court and upon hearing the learned  counsel  appearing  for  the
parties, we are of the view that the High Court has committed  an  error  by
directing the Appellant to carry out another inspection.

14.   Looking at the fact that the norms set up by  the  Appellant  had  not
been fulfilled by Respondent No.1, in our opinion, it would not be just  and
proper to constrain the Appellant to carry out one more inspection which  is
not warranted under any legal provision.  It is a well-known  fact  that  if
infrastructure of any training institute is  not  sufficient  to  train  and
groom its students, the students,  even  if  they  pass  out  at  the  final
examination,  may not turn out to be good professionals.  At this  juncture,
we think it proper to quote what this Court has said in Manohar  Lal  Sharma
vs. Medical Council of India (2013) 10 SCC 60:

“26.  We have already dealt with, in extenso, the deficiencies  pointed  out
by the MCI team in its report dated 6-7-2013. In our view, the  deficiencies
pointed out are fundamental and very crucial, which  cannot  be  ignored  in
the interest of medical  education  and  in  the  interest  of  the  student
community. MCI and the College authorities have to bear  in  mind,  what  is
prescribed is the minimum, if MCI dilutes the minimum standards,  they  will
be doing violence to  the  statutory  requirements.  MCI  is  duty-bound  to
cancel  the  request  if  fundamental  and  minimum  requirements  are   not
satisfied or else the College will be producing half-baked and poor  quality
doctors and they would do more harm to the  society  than  service.  In  our
view, the infirmities  pointed  out  by  the  inspection  team  are  serious
deficiencies and the Board of Governors of MCI rightly not granted  approval
for renewal of permission for the third batch of 150 MBBS students  for  the
academic year 2013-2014.”


15.   Looking at the aforestated observations made  by  this  Court  and  in
view of the fact that all the norms  had  not  been  fulfilled,  which  were
necessary for the purpose of grant  of  permission  to  have  50  additional
students, in our opinion, it was not just and proper  on  the  part  of  the
High Court to direct the Appellant to have additional inspection.

16.   Once the apex body supervising education in the field of medicine  has
set-up a particular set of standards, it would not proper  on  the  part  of
the judiciary to direct that body to digress from the  standards  so  fixed.
In the circumstances, we are of the view that the  direction  given  by  the
High Court is not proper.

17.   We have further noted the fact that the law with regard  to  grant  of
permission to a medical college or with  regard  to  permission  for  having
additional students is regulated by the  Establishment  of  Medical  College
Regulations, 1999.  We have duly considered  the  said  Regulations  in  the
case of Royal Medical Trust (Regd.) and Anr.  Vs.  Union  of  India  &  Anr.
(2015) 9 SCALE 68.  This Court has prescribed a time schedule  which  is  to
be followed by all authorities concerned either for  giving  permission  for
establishment of a new medical college or for the purpose of increasing  the
strength of students.  The direction given by the High Court is also not  in
consonance with  the  said  schedule  of  dates  fixed  by  this  Court  and
therefore also, in our opinion, the said direction is not justifiable.

18.   For the aforestated reasons, we set aside the direction given  by  the
High Court dated 13.8.2015, whereby the Appellant has been  asked  to  carry
out inspection of Respondent  no.1  institute  and  therefore,  allow  these
appeals with no order as to costs.

                                                             ………..……………………J.
                                                              (ANIL R. DAVE)


                                                            ………..…………………….J.
                                                         (ADARSH KUMAR GOEL)

NEW DELHI
DECEMBER 1, 2015.