GYANI CHAND Vs. STATE OF A.P.
Supreme Court of India (Full Bench (FB)- Three Judge)
Appeal (Civil), 5728 of 2005, Judgment Date: Sep 20, 2016
NON-REPORTABLE
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 5728 OF 2005
GYANI CHAND Appellant
VERSUS
STATE OF A.P. Respondent
J U D G M E N T
ANIL R. DAVE, J.
1. Being aggrieved by the judgment and order passed in Contempt Case
No.58 of 2005 on 10.08.2005 by the High Court of Andhra Pradesh at
Hyderabad, this appeal has been filed by the appellant, who has been held
guilty of contempt of Court and has been sentenced to simple imprisonment
for one week and to pay a fine of Rs.2,000/-. It is pertinent to note that
the appellant has already undergone the sentence.
2. Undisputed facts giving rise to the present litigation in a nutshell
are as under:
The appellant had given an undertaking in I.A. No.11 of 1985 in O.S. No.231
of 1972 before the IXth Assistant Judge, City Civil Court, Hyderabad that
he would “return the documents on an undertaking to produce them whenever
directed”. The mother of the appellant, Late Sharda Bai was a litigant in
the afore-stated case, which had been disposed of in 1981. Some of the
documents, which had been produced by the mother of the appellant in the
said case, were required by her and as she was unable to remain present
before the Court due to her old age, she had requested the appellant to
make an application on her behalf, for return of the documents and,
accordingly, the appellant had made an application to the Court for return
of the documents, which had been produced by Late Sharda Bai, the mother of
the appellant. While returning the documents, the appellant was asked to
give an undertaking to the Court that the said documents would be produced
by him as and when the same would be required by the Court.
3. The said documents, which were handed over to the appellant, were
given by him to his mother, Late Sharda Bai. The said documents were
required in I.A. No.632 of 2001 in O.S. No.231 of 1972, which was pending
in the Court of IXth Junior Civil Judge, Civil Court at Hyderabad. By an
affidavit dated 5.10.2001, Late Sharda Bai had admitted the fact that the
said documents were given to her by the appellant and she had further
stated in the said affidavit that the appellant in the said proceedings had
no right to get the said documents. Thus, it is an admitted fact that the
present appellant had handed over the said documents to his mother Late
Sharda Bai, who had right to retain the same as the documents were produced
by her.
4. It is also an admitted fact that Sharda Bai expired on 02.06.2004.
5. When the appellant was asked to produce the said documents as per the
undertaking given by him to the court, the appellant had submitted before
the court that he had already handed over the said documents to Late Sharda
Bai, who had expired on 02.06.2004 and he had further submitted that his
house was “badly hit by the cyclone in the year 1999, as a result of which
his house was submerged into the flood water consequent to that it was
collapsed as his house was built up of mud and covered with asbestos sheets
resulting most of their belongings were vanished”. Thus, the said
documents were neither with the appellant nor were they available at that
time. According to the appellant, the case in which the said documents
were required, was filed by the relatives of the appellant and they had
filed an application for production of the said documents to pressurise the
appellant in their family affairs.
6. Thus, it was the case of the appellant before the Court that it was
impossible for him to return the documents handed over to him as the said
documents were handed over by him to the rightful owner of the documents
and the documents were also destroyed.
7. As the matter was taken up seriously by the Court concerned,
reference was made for initiating contempt proceedings against the
appellant as the documents were not returned as per the undertaking and the
matter was placed before the High Court and by virtue of the impugned
order, the High Court came to the conclusion that the appellant was guilty
of contempt of court and therefore, the appellant has been punished.
8. Upon hearing the learned counsel appearing for the parties, we are of
the view that there is no willful breach of the undertaking given to the
court by the appellant, for which he can be held guilty of committing
contempt of the Court.
9. In the instant case, it is an admitted fact that the documents had
been handed over by the appellant to his mother, Late Sharda Bai, who was
the rightful owner of the said documents and the said fact was admitted by
his mother by filing an affidavit in another legal proceedings.
Subsequently, the said documents had been destroyed because of the flood
and therefore, it was impossible for the appellant to return the same to
the Court.
10. Section 2(b) of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 reads as under:
“2(b) “civil contempt” means willful disobedience to any judgment, decree,
direction, order, writ or other process of a court or willful breach of an
undertaking given to a court;”
11. Upon perusal of the above mentioned definition of “civil contempt”,
it is very clear that so as to hold somebody guilty of contempt of court,
the concerned person must have willfully disobeyed any judgment, decree,
direction, order, writ or any other process of a court or should have
willfully committed breach of an undertaking given to a court.
12. In the instant case, from the facts stated hereinabove, it is crystal
clear that the appellant had no intention of committing breach of the
undertaking given to the court. It was physically impossible for the
appellant to produce the documents as the documents had already been given
by him to his mother, on whose behalf he had collected the same from the
court and the said documents had been subsequently destroyed because of a
natural calamity. In our opinion, after knowing the above stated facts,
the court should not have directed the appellant to produce the documents
because it was impossible for the appellant to produce the documents. It
would not be fair on the part of a court to give a direction to do
something which is impossible and if a person has been asked to do
something which is impossible and if he fails to do so, he cannot be held
guilty of contempt.
13. It is deplorable that the appellant has been held guilty and has also
undergone the sentence imposed by the High Court. We hold that the
appellant was not guilty of committing contempt of court as there was no
willful breach of the undertaking given to the court.
14. For the afore-stated reasons, we are not in agreement with the
judgment delivered by the High Court and therefore, we set aside the same
and allow the appeal with no order as to costs.
……….…............................J.
[ANIL R. DAVE]
.….....................................J.
[UDAY UMESH LALIT]
…......................................J.
[L. NAGESWARA RAO]
New Delhi,
September 20, 2016.