GANESH SHAMRAO ANDEKAR & ANR. Vs. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA

Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Crl.), 547 of 2007, Judgment Date: Mar 30, 2017

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 547 OF 2007

Ganesh Shamrao Andekar & Anr. … Appellants

Versus

State of Maharashtra …Respondent

J U D G M E N T

Prafulla C. Pant, J.

This Appeal is directed against the judgment and order dated 20th
February, 2007 passed by High Court of judicature at Bombay, whereby
Criminal Appeal No. 643 of 1989 filed by the respondent-State was allowed,
and the appellants are convicted under Section 302 read with Section 34 of
Indian Penal Code (for brevity “I.P.C.”), and each one of them has been
sentenced to imprisonment for life and to pay fine of ?5,000/- in default
of payment of which the defaulter convict is directed to undergo further
imprisonment for a period of one year.

2. Prosecution story, in brief, is that appellant no. 2 and deceased
were neighbours and they used to live with their families in Guruwar Peth,
Pune. There was enmity between the two families. Earlier also a criminal
case was filed against accused Shamrao Andekar (since died) and his
brothers when an attempt was made to commit murder of Raghunath (deceased
in the present case). In this background, the incident in question is said
to have taken place. It is stated in the First Information Report (Exh.-38)
that on 14.10.1986 at about 3.00 p.m., Raghunath was taking rest on a cot
outside of his door when accused Shamrao Andekar came in a drunken
condition and started hurling filthy abuses at him. The deceased objected
to the behavior of the said accused, and heated exchange of words started
between the two. Meanwhile, appellants Ganesh Andekar and Avinash Andekar
(both sons of Shamrao Andekar) and others also reached there. They were
armed with weapons and attempted to assault the deceased. On this,
Raghunath started running to save his life and was chased by the accused
persons. They succeeded in catching Raghunath in Gadikhana Chowk near
Rajesh Boarding House. When the accused chased the deceased, PW-2 Rohini
(daughter of the deceased), and PW-13 Shakuntala (wife of the deceased)
followed them. Ganesh Andekar (appellant no. 1) stabbed the deceased on his
stomach. Appellant no. 2 Avinash Andekar gave a blow with ‘Gupti’ (pointed
sharp edged weapon) near groin area of the deceased. Accused Vijay
Ramchandra Yadav (since died), who was armed with sword, and other accused
also allegedly assaulted the deceased. PW-2 Rohini in an attempt to save
her father fell on him but she was pushed aside. When the accused left
Raghunath (believing him to have died), Rohini took her father in an Auto
rickshaw to Sassoon Hospital, Pune, in the injured condition. According to
prosecution, PW-3 Suresh Chavan was the Auto rickshawala who helped in
taking the injured to hospital. PW-16 Dr. Shivram Waghmare gave medical
aid to the injured who succumbed to injuries at about 4.40 p.m. A report
(Exh. 38) of the incident was given by PW-2 Rohini at Police Outpost, Mithi
Ganj against the four appellants and others which included their family
members. The said report was forwarded from Outpost Mithi Ganj to Police
Station, Khadak, and a Crime No. 265 of 1986 was registered relating to
offences punishable under Sections 143, 147, 148, 149, 302 read with
Section 34 and 426 of I.P.C., on the same day at 6.30 p.m.

3. PW-19 Suresh Suresh Kulkarni investigated the crime. He got inquest
report prepared through Sub-Inspector Lonakar. Autopsy on the dead body was
conducted by PW-18 Dr. Laxman Pherwani on the very day i.e. 14.10.1986 from
9.15 p.m. to 10.15 p.m. He prepared Post Mortem Examination Report
(Exh.70). On completion of investigation, the Investigating Officer
submitted charge-sheet against fifteen accused, namely, Ganesh Andekar,
Shamrao Andekar, Avinash Andekar, Dinesh Andekar, Vijay Ramchandra Yadav,
Bhau Mohol, Vinayak Kadam, Shekhar Vardekar, Sathyabhama Vardekar, Laxmi
Indapurkar, Rukmini Indapurkar, Kaml Andekar, Sangita Vardekar, Pushpa
Andekar and Gopinath Mane.

4. The case appears to have been committed by the Magistrate to Court of
Session for trial after giving necessary copies to the accused. On
26.04.1988, Additional Sessions Judge, Pune, after hearing the parties
framed charge in respect of offence punishable under Sections 147, 148,
149, 302 read with Section 34 and under Section 201 I.P.C. against all the
15 accused named above who pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried. On
this, prosecution got examined PW-1 Ravindra, PW-2 Rohini (informant and
eye witness), PW-3 Suresh (auto rickshaw wala-eye witness), PW-4 Surkakant,
PW-5 Iqbal Ahmed , PW-6 Shivaji Jagtap, PW-7 Sudhakar Pardeshi, PW-8 Sandip
Valsangkar, PW-9 Rajendra Lohokare, PW-10 Vikas Pawar, PW-11 Malhari Bhise,
PW-12 Rangnath Jagtap, PW-13 Shakuntala (widow of the deceased and eye
wintness), PW-14 Arun Jadhav, PW-15 Murlidhar Wadkar, PW-16 Dr. Shivram
Waghmare, PW-17 Sunil Jagdale, PW-18 Dr. Laxman Pherwani and PW-19 Suresh
Kulkarni (Investigation Officer). The evidence was put to the accused
persons under Section 313 of Cr.P.C. whereafter, in defence, DW-1 Rajnikant
Nikam (a photographer) was examined on behalf of the defence.

5. Learned Additional Sessions Judge, Pune, after considering the
evidence on record, found that charge against the accused persons is not
proved beyond reasonable doubt, and accordingly acquitted all the fifteen
accused vide its judgment and order dated 11.05.1989, passed in Sessions
Case No. 160 of 1987. Aggrieved by the order passed by the trial court,
State of Maharashtra filed an appeal before the High Court. The High Court,
after re-appreciating the evidence on record and hearing the parties, found
no infirmity in the finding of the trial court in respect of accused no. 4,
and accused nos. 7 to 15, and dismissed the appeal to that extent. However,
the High Court found that trial court has erred in law in acquitting the
four accused, namely, Ganesh Andekar (A-1), Shamrao Andekar (A-2), Avinash
Andekar (A-3) and Vijay Ramchandra Yadav (A-5). The High Court convicted
these four accused under Section 302 read with Section 34 I.P.C. and
sentenced each one of them to imprisonment for life and to pay fine of
?5,000/- in default of payment of which it is directed that further
imprisonment for one year shall be served out. Hence this appeal before us
by the four convicts.

6. During the period of this appeal, appellant Shamrao Andekar and
appellant Vijay Ramchandra Yadav reported to have died.

7. We have heard learned counsel for the appellants and learned counsel
for the State and perused the record.

8. Before further discussion, it is just and proper to mention the ante
mortem injuries recorded by PW-18 Dr. Laxman Pherwani at the time of
autopsy on the dead body of Raghunath. The same are reproduced from autopsy
report (Exh.70):

“1. An incised wound present on right iliac region 1” x ¼” going deep
inside near the iliac crest.

2. An incised wound present on right side back of thigh 1 ¼” x ¼” muscle
deep. Margins-Regular.

3. An incised wound present on the back in the centre at level of thoracic
6. Margins-Regular.

4. An incised wound present in the centre of neck 1” x ¼”. Margins-Regular.

5. An incised wound right elbow inner aspect 1” x ¼”.

6. An incised wound left upper arm front aspect 1” x ¼” margins Regular.

7. An incised wound present in left axilla 1” x ¼”.

8. An incised wound left upper arm outer aspect 1” x ¼”.

9. An incised wound ¾” x ¼” front on right temporal region of head.”

PW-18 Dr. Laxman Pherwani in his oral evidence has stated that the above
mentioned ante mortem injuries were of recent origin and could have been
caused by sharp edged weapon. He further stated that on opening the body,
Haematoma on right temporal region was also found, and there was a crack
fracture on right temporal region. The Medical Officer (PW-18) has opined
that the deceased had died of traumatic and haemerrahagic shock due to
multiple injuries. This proves that Raghunath died a homicidal death. PW-
18 has opined that the nine injuries (quoted above) could have been caused
by the weapons like Sword, Knife, ‘Gupti’ and ‘Khukri’. When the weapons
seized during the investigation were shown to the witness, he stated that
the injuries could have been caused with the same.

9. Now, it is to be examined as to whether the appellants Ganesh Andekar
and Avinash Andekar, with common intention, have committed the murder of
Raghunath as suggested by prosecution and concluded by the High Court. It
is also to be examined whether the finding of acquittal recorded by the
trial court relating to these appellants was against the weight of the
evidence of record, and it was not the reasonably possible view considering
the testimony of the eye witnesses.

10. On behalf of the appellants, Shri U. R. Lalit, learned senior counsel
took us through the First Information Report and the prosecution story
narrated by PW-2 Rohini (informant-eye witness) and PW-13 Shakuntala (widow
of the deceased-eye witness) and other evidence on record. It is contended
before us by Shri Lalit that it is unnatural that the two eye witnesses who
are ladies followed the deceased and the accused with the same speed to
witness the incident at Gadikhana Chowk. He further pointed out that though
PW-2 states that she took her injured father to hospital but from the entry
in the hospital register name of one Rekha is mentioned as the person who
got him admitted. It is also submitted that the two eye witnesses have
stated that appellant Avinash Andekar caused injury in the groin area of
the deceased but the post mortem report does not show injury over groin
area. It is further submitted that had the incident taken place in the
manner suggested by the prosecution, the deceased would have rushed inside
his house instead of running towards Gadikhana Chowk. It is argued that
since the deceased had many enemies, as such, commission of murder by
others cannot be ruled out. It is also pointed out that no specific role of
inflicting injury by Avinash Andekar is attributed to him, in the First
Information Report. Lastly, it is argued that since two views are possible
from the evidence on record, as such, the High Court erred in reversing the
order of acquittal recorded by the trial court.

11. No doubt, normally, where the trial court has acquitted the accused
on the ground that charge stood not proved on the basis of evidence on
record, and such view is reasonable, the High Court should not interfere
with the same. However, such general rule cannot be extended against the
spirit of clause (a) of Section 386 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
which empowers the appellate court to reverse the order of acquittal, and
pass sentence on him in accordance with law. In Manu Sharma Vs. State of
Delhi (2010) 6 SCC 1 (Para 27), this court has held that following
principles have to be kept in mind by the appellate court while dealing
with appeals, particularly against the order of acquittal:

“(i) There is no limitation on the part of the appellate court to review
the evidence upon which the order of acquittal is founded.

(ii) The appellate court in an appeal against acquittal can review the
entire evidence and come to its own conclusions.

(iii) The appellate court can also review the trial court's conclusion with
respect to both facts and law.

(iv) While dealing with the appeal preferred by the State, it is the duty
of the appellate court to marshal the entire evidence on record and by
giving cogent and adequate reasons set aside the judgment of acquittal.

(v) An order of acquittal is to be interfered with only when there are
“compelling and substantial reasons” for doing so. If the order is “clearly
unreasonable”, it is a compelling reason for interference.

(vi) While sitting in judgment over an acquittal the appellate court is
first required to seek an answer to the question whether findings of the
trial court are palpably wrong, manifestly erroneous or demonstrably
unsustainable. If the appellate court answers the above question in the
negative the order of acquittal is not to be disturbed. Conversely, if the
appellate court holds, for reasons to be recorded, that the order of
acquittal cannot at all be sustained in view of any of the above
infirmities, it can reappraise the evidence to arrive at its own
conclusion.

(vii) When the trial court has ignored the evidence or misread the material
evidence or has ignored material documents like dying declaration/report of
ballistic experts, etc. the appellate court is competent to reverse the
decision of the trial court depending on the materials placed.”

12. In Murugesan Vs. State (2012) 10 SCC 383 (Para 34), this Court has
held that -

“34….a possible view denotes an opinion which can exist or be formed
irrespective of the correctness or otherwise of such an opinion. A view
taken by a court lower in the hierarchical structure may be termed as
erroneous or wrong by a superior court upon a mere disagreement. But such a
conclusion of the higher court would not take the view rendered by the
subordinate court outside the arena of a possible view. The correctness or
otherwise of any conclusion reached by a court has to be tested on the
basis of what the superior judicial authority perceives to be the correct
conclusion. A possible view, on the other hand, denotes a conclusion which
can reasonably be arrived at regardless of the fact where it is agreed upon
or not by the higher court. The fundamental distinction between the two
situations have to be kept in mind. So long as the view taken by the trial
court can be reasonably formed, regardless of whether the High Court agrees
with the same or not, the view taken by the trial court cannot be
interdicted and that of the High Court supplanted over and above the view
of the trial court.

13. In Bhagwan Singh and Others Vs. State of M.P. (2002) 4 SCC 85 (Para
7), this court has made following observation:

“7. We do not agree with the submissions of the learned counsel for the
appellants that under Section 378 of the Code of Criminal Procedure the
High Court could not disturb the finding of facts of the trial court even
if it found that the view taken by the trial court was not proper. On the
basis of the pronouncements of this Court, the settled position of law
regarding the powers of the High Court in an appeal against an order of
acquittal is that the court has full powers to review the evidence upon
which an order of acquittal is based and generally it will not interfere
with the order of acquittal because by passing an order of acquittal the
presumption of innocence in favour of the accused is reinforced. The golden
thread which runs through the web of administration of justice in criminal
case is that if two views are possible on the evidence adduced in the case,
one pointing to the guilt of the accused and the other to his innocence,
the view which is favourable to the accused should be adopted. Such is not
a jurisdiction limitation on the appellate court but Judge-made guidelines
for circumspection. The paramount consideration of the court is to ensure
that miscarriage of justice is avoided. A miscarriage of justice which may
arise from the acquittal of the guilty is no less than from the conviction
of an innocent. In a case where the trial court has taken a view ignoring
the admissible evidence, a duty is cast upon the High Court to reappreciate
the evidence in acquittal appeal for the purposes of ascertaining as to
whether all or any of the accused has committed any offence or not…”

14. In the present case the High Court has given categorical finding that
the finding arrived at by the trial court was perverse, as such, it cannot
be said that the High Court could not have taken the view supported by
evidence on record.

15. So far as believing the testimony of PW-2 Rohini (daughter of the
deceased) and PW-13 Shakuntala (widow of the deceased) is concerned the
same cannot be doubted by presuming that being women they could not have
followed the deceased who was running to save his life, and chased by the
accused. Both the witnesses are adult, one aged twenty three years and
another aged forty years. The two witnesses have only described the blows
inflicted in their presence on the body of the deceased after they reached
at the spot. It cannot be ignored that there are nine incised wounds and
only the incised wounds given in the presence of the eye witnesses by the
two appellants have been narrated by them. It was a day light incident in
which quarrel started in front of the house of the deceased and the
presence of the two eye witnesses who are family members of the deceased
was natural, and their conduct in following the deceased and accused is
also natural.

16. So far as the argument raising possibility of commission of murder by
other than the accused mentioned in the F.I.R. is concerned, that would be
a mere conjecture. This court in State of Punjab Vs. Karnail Singh (2003)
11 SCC 271 (Para 12), has held that the prosecution is not required to meet
any and every hypothesis put forward by the accused. It must grow out of
the evidence in the case. If a case is proved perfectly, it can be argued
that it is artificial, and where the case has some flaws inevitable because
human beings are prone to err, it is argued that it is a doubtful story.
Proof beyond reasonable doubt is a guideline, not a fetish. A judge does
not preside over a criminal trial merely to see that that no innocent man
is punished. A judge also presides to see that a guilty man does not
escape. Both are public duties.

17. As to the truthfulness of the fact that the deceased was taken in the
injured condition by PW-2 Rohini to hospital, the same cannot be doubted
only for the reason that name of one Rekha is mentioned in the hospital as
a person who got admitted the injured. The fact relating to taking deceased
to hospital by PW-2 Rohini, is corroborated from the evidence on record of
PW-3 Suresh Chavan, Autorickshawala. In the present case the First
Information Report is prompt and even the post mortem has been conducted on
the same day after investigation started. Keeping these facts in mind as
to who got admitted the deceased is not of much relevance. It has been put
to PW 19 by the defence counsel in cross-examination that Rekha was sister
of Ashok Appa Kolekar (husband of PW 2 Rohini). The statement of PW-16 Dr.
Shivram Waghmare corroborates that the deceased was brought to the hospital
at 4.25 p.m. and died at 4.40 p.m.

18. On behalf of the appellants, it is vehemently argued that the eye
witnesses have stated that appellant Avinash Andekar inflicted blow in the
groin area but there is no injury on said part of the body. We have
carefully scrutinized the evidence on record and we do not find any reason
to disbelieve the statement of the two eye witnesses on the above ground
for the reason that a living human being is not supported to remain
motionless while being inflicted with blow after blow. If the injury is
near thigh or on the iliac crest, instead of groin area, in our opinion,
this is not sufficient to hold that the testimony of the witnesses is
false. It is also relevant to mention here that the ocular evidence of PW
2 Rohini and PW 13 Shakuntala is further corroborated from the report
Ext.84 received from Forensic Science Laboratory regarding the blood group
‘B+’ found on the blood stained clothes and earth sample collected. The
same blood group was found on the blood stained weapons recovered on
disclosure made by the appellants.

19. For the reasons as discussed above, there is no error of law
committed by the High Court in re-appreciating the evidence on record and
coming to the conclusion that the view taken by the trial court was
perverse with regard to the four accused. Therefore, the appeal is liable
to be dismissed. Accordingly, the appeal of the appellants Ganesh Shamrao
Andekar and Avinash Shamrao Andekar is dismissed. They are on bail. They
shall surrender to serve out the sentence awarded by the High Court. The
appeal of the appellant Shamrao Andekar and Vijay Ramchandra Yadav stands
abated.

………………………..…….J.
[Prafulla C. Pant]
New Delhi;
March 30, 2017.
REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION

CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 547 OF 2007

GANESH SHAMRAO ANDEKAR & ANR. ...APPELLANTS

VERSUS
STATE OF MAHARASHTRA ...RESPONDENT

J U D G M E N T

R.F. Nariman, J.

1. I have read the draft judgment of my noble and learned brother but
for the reasons stated herein below find it difficult to agree with his
conclusion that the High Court judgment in the present appeal is correct.

2. The facts have been set out in the aforesaid judgment. It has been
noticed that the trial court acquitted all the accused, whereas the High
Court has partly reversed and convicted the appellants under Section 302
read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code.

3. The trial court arrived at the conclusion of acquittal on several
grounds:

It clearly held that the prosecution has failed to establish and prove the
actual place where the deceased was assaulted – whether in front of his
house or at some distance at Gadikhana Chowk in front of the Rajesh
Boarding House.

The trial court adverted to an entry made in the Register maintained in the
hospital in which it shows that the deceased Raghunath was brought to the
hospital by one Rekha Kolekar. This lady was not examined by the
prosecution, and if the hospital register is true, it falsifies the
prosecution case that PW-2 Rohini brought the deceased to the hospital.

A perusal of the FIR would show that the time at which it was recorded is
not stated. Further, there is no material on record to show that the
Investigating Officer had forwarded a copy of the FIR to the Magistrate
concerned at the earliest available opportunity.

PW-2 Rohini specifically stated that she sustained abrasions on her hands
and legs in order to save her father. This is not proved from the record,
and would therefore cast a doubt as to the veracity of her evidence.

Most importantly, PW-3 Suresh Chavan, who is the Autorickshaw driver and is
well known to the family of the deceased, has specifically stated that PW-2
Rohini came to the spot of the incident only after the accused ran away
from the spot, making it clear that she was not an eye-witness as claimed.

PW-3 Suresh Chavan’s evidence also shows that the mother of Rohini, PW-13,
wife of the deceased was not at the scene of the incident, thereby
falsifying PW-13’s claim that she was an eye-witness.

PW-3 Suresh Chavan has been disbelieved by both courts, i.e. the trial
court as well as the High Court, but was a key witness on behalf of the
prosecution, as he was known to the deceased’s family, and drove PW-2
Rohini alongwith the deceased to the hospital.

It is admitted that PW-3 Suresh Chavan and PW-2 Rohini, though known to
each other, did not exchange a single word in the autorickshaw while PW-2
Rohini and her father were driven to the hospital, thereby rendering
improbable the autorickshaw ride to hospital, and consequently the evidence
of PW-2 and PW-13 as a whole.

One Sudhakar, who was a friend of the deceased, was also examined as an eye-
witness on behalf of the prosecution. Being an independent eye-witness,
his testimony is of importance and cannot be wished away. He has turned
hostile. His son Vijay was also listed in the chargesheet as a witness on
behalf of the prosecution but not examined.

4. All these factors ultimately led the trial court to conclude:

“Normally there is no reason to disbelieve the version of the complainant,
but in the present case, the relations between 2 families are strained, the
evidence of PW. Rohini is inconsistent with that of PWs. Suresh and
Shakuntala. The evidence of these 3 witnesses besides interested in the
case of prosecution is mutually destructive also to the prosecution case.
Therefore, cumulative effect of all these facts is that no reliance can be
placed on such type of witnesses to hold the accused guilty for assault on
the deceased.”

5. As against this, the High Court, in its judgment reversing the trial
court, has held that even if PW-3 Suresh Chavan is not found trustworthy,
the court cannot throw out the entire prosecution case. This is a little
difficult to understand in view of the fact that PW-3 Suresh Chavan is a
key prosecution witness. As he is a witness relied upon by the
prosecution, his version destroys the version of the two interested eye-
witnesses PW-2 and PW-13 inasmuch as he specifically states that neither
was present at the spot when the actual assault leading to murder took
place.

6. The High Court also wrongly states that mentioning of an injury at
the iliac region of Raghunath’s body gives strong credence to the story of
PW-2, which, according to the High Court, is an injury near the groin. The
High Court states that if Rohini had not witnessed the incident, she would
not be in a position to speak about this particular injury. Here again,
the iliac region being a region at the backside, obviously, there is, in
fact, no injury near the groin.

7. Turning to the fact that Rekha Kolekar is mentioned as the person who
brought the deceased to the hospital in the hospital register, the High
Court only states that it does not find any substance in this contention
because Rohini and her mother are eye-witnesses. This does not answer
unimpeachable documentary evidence in the form of the hospital register
entry, or the fact that Rekha was not examined by the prosecution.

8. On not sustaining abrasions on Rohini’s legs and hands, the High
Court only says witnesses do make exaggerations in such cases but that
cannot be a reason to disregard and disbelieve their entire story. This
again is hardly the way in which to deal with an appeal against acquittal,
where, unless perverse, the trial court judgment ought not to be interfered
with.

9. After going into the evidence of PW-13, who stated that Sudhakar was
present at the time of the assault, the High Court adverts to the fact that
Sudhakar, though an independent eye-witness, turned hostile, but gives no
importance to this fact. In fact, the High Court specifically states:

“Most of the other witnesses PW.7 eye witness Sudhakar Pardeshi, P.W. G.
Sandeep Valsangkar, P.W.9 Rajendra Lohokare Panch witness, P.W. 10 Vikas
Pawar – Panch witness regarding the discovery of lungi at the instance of
accused No. 1. Ganesh, have turned hostile and did not support the
prosecution.”

10. The High Court is impressed by one fact and one fact only that given
the fact that the incident took place at around 3.30 P.M. to 4.30 P.M., and
the fact that the FIR was lodged very soon thereafter, there was no time to
concoct a false story. This is purely in the realm of conjecture. Even
if true, if so many other factors lead to a reasonable doubt in the
prosecution story, the accused deserve acquittal.

11. The High Court referred to the Chemical Examiner’s Report in which it
was stated that the blood group of Raghunath is ‘B’ and the blood group of
accused no.1 and accused no.3 is also ‘B’. If that is so, the fact that
the earth, Rohini’s clothes, T-shirt and lungi, and weapons all have blood
group ‘B’, would not necessarily lead to the conclusion that accused no.1
and accused no.3’s blood happens to be there given the fact that
Raghunath’s blood was also of blood group ‘B’. In any case, this factor
alone cannot outweigh all the other factors pointed out by the trial court.

12. Having regard to the authorities cited by my noble and learned
brother, there is no doubt that there is no limitation on the part of the
appellate court to review the evidence upon which the order of acquittal is
founded and arrive at its own conclusion. However, when an order of
acquittal is appealed against, it can only be interfered with when there
are compelling and substantial reasons for so doing and if it is found that
the trial court order is clearly unreasonable, palpably wrong, manifestly
erroneous, or demonstrably unsustainable. In my opinion, the trial court
order did not fall in any of these categories and the High Court in
convicting the appellants and reversing a well reasoned order of acquittal,
has committed a grave error.

13. Coming to accused no.3, in any case, as has been pointed out by Shri
Lalit, no active and specific role has been assigned to him in the murder
of Raghunath. Given the fact that the FIR and the evidence of PW-2 to 13
(even as found by the High Court) contains many incorrect facts, (for
example, 6 ladies who were acquitted are also sought to be roped in), and
given the fact that there is enmity between the deceased’s family and the
accused, it is reasonable to say that, in any case, accused no. 3 should be
given the benefit of doubt. For all these reasons, I would reverse the
High Court judgment and acquit the two accused before us.

………………………J.

(R.F. Nariman)

New Delhi;

March 30, 2017.

PC: In view of the disagreement between us, papers to be placed before the
Hon’ble Chief Justice of India to constitute an appropriate bench to rehear
the matter.

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