Supreme Court of India (Division Bench (DB)- Two Judge)

Appeal (Civil), 1672 of 2016, Judgment Date: Feb 23, 2016


                                                        REPORTABLE


                         IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
                        CIVIL  APPELLATE JURISDICTION


                          CIVIL APPEAL NO.1672 OF 2016
                 (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) No.38616 of 2012)


DHEERAJ DEVELOPERS PRIVATE LIMITED                              Appellant(s)        

                                     Versus

DR. OM PRAKASH GUPTA AND OTHERS                                Respondent(s)       


                                    W I T H


                CIVIL APPEAL NO.1673 OF 2016
                 (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) No.39155 of 2012)

KAILASH AGARWAL AND OTHERS                                      Appellant(s)

                                   Versus

OM PRAKASH GUPTA AND OTHERS                                    Respondent(s)


               CIVIL APPEAL NOS.1674-1675 OF 2016
                (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) Nos.34813-34814 of 2014)

ANURADHA AGRAWAL                                                Appellant(s)

                                   Versus

OM PRAKASH AND OTHERS                                          Respondent(s)



                               J U D G M E N T


KURIAN, J.

1.    We have heard learned counsel for the parties.

2.    Delay condoned.

3.    Leave granted.

4.    By the impugned judgment, the High Court in First Appeal, against  the
judgment dated 8th April, 2005 in Civil Suit No. 93A/1996 (renumbered  Civil
Suit No. 20A/2001; 6A/2003) on the file  of  the  VIII  Additional  District
Judge, Gwalior, reversed the decree for specific performance.

5.    The Trial Court had framed the following issues :-

|S.No |                ISSUE                           |   CONCLUSION       |
|1.   |Whether defendant No.1 executed agreement to    |Unproved            |
|     |sell of suit land in favour of plaintiffs in the|                    |
|     |year 1975?                                      |                    |
|2.   |Whether defendant No.1 had executed fresh       |Unproved            |
|     |agreement to sell of suit land in favour of     |                    |
|     |plaintiffs on 15.1.1989 as prices of suit land  |                    |
|     |had risen and a mutual compromise had arrived   |                    |
|     |between plaintiffs and defendant No.1?          |                    |
|3.   |Whether plaintiffs are entitled to get the sale |No                  |
|     |deed of suitland 5 Bigha having satiated the sum|                    |
|     |of Rs. Two lakh Eighteen thousand to defendant  |                    |
|     |No.1 according to the agreement to sell dated   |                    |
|     |15.01.1989 and to get the vacant possession of  |                    |
|     |suit land?                                      |                    |
|4.   |Whether suitland is government land due to which|Unproved            |
|     |plaintiffs have not got the right to            |                    |
|     |sell/transfer the same?                         |                    |
|5.   |Whether plaintiffs did not issue notice under   |Suit was instituted |
|     |Section CPC to defendant No.2? If yes, then its |having obtained     |
|     |effect?                                         |permission from the |
|     |                                                |Court.              |
|6.   |Whether defendants Nos. 3 to 11 are bonafide    |Proved.             |
|     |purchasers of suitland? If yes, then its effect?|Plaintiffs are not  |
|     |                                                |entitled to get the |
|     |                                                |relief sought.      |
|7.   |Whether plaintiffs have undervalued the suit    |No                  |
|     |land have satiated deficient court fee? If yes, |                    |
|     |then its effect?                                |                    |
|8.   |Relief and cost?                                |Suit dismissed.     |

Additional issue :
|9.   |Whether an order dated 24.01.1996 passed in the |No                  |
|     |suit No. 41A/95 bears the effect of res judicata|                    |
|     |in this case? If yes, then its effect?          |                    |

      All the issues were answered against the plaintiffs.

6.     On re-appraisal of the evidence, the High Court took  the  view  that
Exhibit P-1 was genuine  and  therefore,  decreed  the  suit.   It  will  be
appropriate to incorporate  herein  the  following  paragraph  as  also  the
decreetal portion of the impugned judgment passed by the High Court :-

“21.  Learned counsel for the respondents have pointed during argument  that
agreement Exhibit  P-1  is  a  suspicious  document  looking  to  the  other
agreement Exhibit D-13 in which rate of suit  land  has  been  mentioned  as
2.50 rupees per square ft.  But this agreement has  been  written  on  plain
paper that put on 15.01.1989 and not signed by consenting parties  who  have
signed the agreement Exhibit  P-1  on  the  same  day.   Therefore,  in  the
absence of signatures of any witness or consenting party  agreement  Exhibit
D-13 cannot be relied, even the agreement Exhibit P-1 which  is  signed  not
only by the parties  but  also  by  the  witnesses  and  family  members  of
defendant No.1 who have given their  consent  for  the  agreement.   Learned
counsel appearing for the respondents have also  raised  certain  objections
for disbelieving the agreement Exhibit P-1 but considering the fact that  by
Exhibit D-10, defendant No.1 Harcharan Singh has admitted the  execution  of
agreement Exhibit P-1 and even after admission and  having  knowledge  about
document Exhibit P-1 he has not taken any step against  the  appellants  for
fabrication of document Exhibit P-1.  This  fact  along  with  admission  of
defendant No.1 shows that agreement Exhibit P-1 is a genuine  document.   It
cannot be disbelieved on the ground  that  notice  in  the  paper  regarding
agreement mentioning different  date  of  agreement  as  the  execution  and
contents of agreement Exhibit P-1 has been admitted  by  defendant  No.1  in
Exhibit D-10, therefore, evidence against such admission  before  the  trial
Court which contained  detailed  postmortem  of  agreement  Exhibit  P-1  on
several grounds cannot be confirmed looking to the  admission  of  defendant
No.1 in Exhibit D-10 which has not been considered by  learned  trial  Court
while doing microscope surgery of the agreement Exhibit P-1.”

“24.  Therefore, the judgment passed by the learned trial  Court  is  hereby
set-aside and the appeal filed by the  appellant  is  hereby  allowed.   The
suit filed before the learned trial Court  is  allowed  in  favour  of  sole
appellant Dr. Om Prakash Gupta as under :-

(A)   Respondent/defendant No.1 is directed to execute the  sale-deed  of  5
bighas of land Survey No. 792/3-4 according to  agreement  dated  15.01.1989
after  taking  consideration  of  Rs.2,18,000/-  @  Rs.2/-  per  swuare  ft.
(according to agreement) and hand over the vacant possession  of  the  above
land to the plaintiff/appellant Dr. Om  Prakash  Gupta.   If  the  defendant
No.1 fails to execute the sale deed within 30 days after deposit of  payment
of consideration amount to him or to deposit in the trial Court,  the  trial
Court shall execute the sale deed in favour of appellant/plaintiff Dr.  O.P.
Gupta.

(B)   Since sale deed of above mentioned suit land  have  been  executed  by
defendant No.1 during pendency of the suit and purchasers are  not  bonafide
purchasers, therefore, the sale deed by law executed by  defendant  No.1  in
favour of respondent Nos. 2, 3 to 11 are hereby declared null and void.

(C)    The  respondent  No.1  shall  pay  the  cost  of  appellant  and  the
respondents shall bear their own cost.

(D)   Counsel fee be calculated according to the rules if pre-certified.”

7.    We have referred to the factual matrix only to a very  limited  extent
for the reason that the High Court apparently has gone  wrong  in  decreeing
the suit only on the basis of the finding  on  genuineness  of  Exhibit  P-1
document.  It should have been borne in mind  that  suit  was  for  specific
performance and obviously there were  also  several  other  aspects  of  the
matter including the aspect of  readiness  and  willingness  which  required
consideration by the High Court.

8.    In that view of the matter, we allow  these  appeals,  set  aside  the
impugned judgment and remit the First Appeal No. 174 of  2005  to  the  High
Court.

9.    Needless to say that the  appeal(s)  are  to  be  heard  afresh.   The
parties are free to urge all available contentions  under  law,  before  the
High Court.

10.   It is made clear that we have not expressed any opinion on the  merits
of the case including the validity or genuineness of documents  as  also  on
the readiness and willingness aspect  and  it  is  for  the  High  Court  to
consider all those aspects.

11.   No order as to costs.





                                                  ........................J.
                                                            (KURIAN JOSEPH)



                                                  ........................J.
                                                    (ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN)

New Delhi,
February 23, 2016